To heat a small room, such as a garage, cottage or a hive with the onset of cold weather, it is possible to purchase an expensive heater, powered by electricity or independently make a long-burning furnace. The Bubafonja furnace is designed in such a way that one bookmark of solid fuel is sufficient for a long time. And given the low cost of the fuel itself, its design, its simplicity and autonomy, Bubafonya has become very popular among economical owners of residential and non-residential premises, trying to protect their supplies from freezing.
Bubathon oven with own hands
Principle of operation of the Bubafonja
oven According to the convection law, warm air rises and the cold air goes down. In the furnace, when the fuel burns, the heated air rises and enters the discharge pipe. Cold air flows through the supply line into the furnace. Thus, due to the constantly incoming oxygen, fuel combustion is maintained. By adjusting the amount of the gap( with the help of a damper) on the supply pipe, it is possible to increase or decrease the intensity of burning of firewood.
The operation of the furnace is terminated after a complete burn-out of the firewood and the lowering of the piston with the load to the bottom of the fuel tank. Forced completion of this process is possible by blocking the access of oxygen to the furnace by the flap on the supply pipe. Alternatively, using fire fighting means, immediately finish heating.
The principle of operation of the long-burning furnace
To , the advantages of the for the Bubafonya furnace include: the duration of combustion, the simplicity of construction, the cheapness of fuel and furnace elements, ease of operation, the possibility of self-assembly of the furnace with the proper level of handling the welding machine, small dimensions and weightwhich allows, if necessary, to move the furnace).
With all the apparent advantages of the design, it has a number of disadvantages : inconvenience of cleaning the bottom of the fuel tank from combustion products( soot, ash), the formation of condensate on the pipes( which reduces the efficiency of the furnace), in the classical design, the furnace does not accumulate enough heator the construction of a water "shirt", or the furnish of the furnace with heat-insulating materials and brickwork), under the heating bottom of the fuel tank, it is necessary to lay a layer of non-combustible material or build a small foundation for the exGood ventilation is indispensable in the room.
The main elements of the Bubafonja furnace
- - Fuel tank( fuel is directly loaded into it, and its combustion takes place here);
- - Heat-removing pipeline( with the help of a clamp and heat-insulating material it is connected to the main pipeline of the heating system);
- - Clamping wheel with load and supply line;
- - Damper;
- - Cover of the furnace.
Toolkit and materials required for the design of the Bubachonia
- - Metal pipe 2 pcs.;
- - Metal tank for a fuel tank( a metal barrel or other similar metal cylinder with a sealed bottom) with a wall thickness of at least 3 mm;
- - the Bulgarian( the grinding machine with detachable and cleaning circle);
- - Hacksaw for working with metal;
- - Sections of the channel or metal corners;
- - Welding machine with electrodes;
- - Hammer, chisel;
- - Steel sheets.
The metal barrel perfectly fits the body for the
furnace Fuel tank
The capacity where the fuel will be placed will be made from a metal barrel.
1. Make the markings and cut off the top of the barrel. For this we use either a hacksaw for metal or a Bulgarian.
For cutting , the Bulgarian requires a metal cutting disc. The size of the Bulgarian does not matter. When working, it is important not to exert excessive force on the tool.
If there is no finished barrel, then the container is constructed of sheet steel. But for this you need additional tools: a manual bending machine, a sheet bending machine or a blank with which you can give the sheet the shape of a cylinder.
Capacity for the
steel sheet furnace To bend the sheet with a manual( roller) sheet bender, one edge is fixed with a pressure beam, then the sheet is folded into the required radius.
After the sheet is folded into the cylinder, the welding machine is welded and the seam is welded. To do this, ground the metal sheet and weld the edges, preventing the electric arc from extinguishing. By the way, we have an excellent manual on our site, how to cook with electric welding. If you maintain the same distance between the part and the electrode, the seam will be straight and even.
When the cylinder is ready, cut out the bottom from a piece of sheet steel in the marking by the Bulgarian and weld it.
When the fuel tank is ready, the marking for the outflow line is made at the top. It is convenient to make a markup with a can of paint or a pencil. By marking out a bulgarian cut out a hole, to which a pipe is welded. This pipe will be connected to the heating system piping.
Marking for the discharge pipe
Clamping ring and cover
Again take the sheet steel and make a circle marking. Its diameter should be slightly less than the diameter of the fuel tank. This is necessary in order that clamping wheel freely pass inside the furnace. In the center of the circle, cut a hole, equal in diameter to the diameter of the supply pipe. But not less than ten centimeters. This will provide the necessary access to oxygen and cravings. Similarly, we construct the cover for the tank. For convenience, it is desirable to weld the handle from the metal rod to the outside of the lid.
long combustion furnace sample The length of the supply pipe is taken from the calculation of the length of the fuel tank and added to this value of 30-50 cm. The diameter should be about fifteen centimeters. The tube is connected to the clamping ring by welding.
Bubachi stove from inside
To add weight to the clamping wheel and increase its strength, 4 sections of the channel or metal corners are welded.
We weld to the pressure wheel 4 channel channels
Door for cleaning the furnace from ash and ash
The classic version of the Bubafoniya furnace is inconvenient in cleaning from the combustion products of the fuel. They are caking, and a deposit is formed on the bottom. Clear the bottom of the ash through the door, cut at the bottom of the fuel tank, much more convenient.
We make a marking on the tank body, cut out a rectangular piece of metal by a Bulgarian. To this metal rectangle, hinges are welded so that the future door can open and close. For sealing, the perimeter of the door is covered with an asbestos cord.
Furnace diagram with
door Reflector
This part of the design is designed to protect the furnace parts from overheating and to correctly distribute heat.
Foundation
The metal elements of the furnace have a tendency to heat up. To ensure fire safety, the ready-to-use Bubafoni construction is installed on a foundation of refractory bricks or concrete.
For the foundation of a brick a rectangular pit of shallow depth is prepared, the bottom is sprinkled with a mixture of sand and small gravel, rammed and verified by horizontal level of the building level. After that, prepare the cement slurry and lay out two rows of refractory bricks. Brick in the first row is laid "on the edge".
If instead of a brick it is planned to pour concrete, then a wooden formwork is placed on the pillow made of sand and crushed stone, which is poured with concrete. And the space between the formwork and the pit is densely covered with sand.
