Tools for making and processing holes

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Tools for executing and processing holes Use of tools such as drill, countersink, countersink, punch

Drill tool

Drill holes by drilling. For this purpose, use drills in the form of spirals, borers, electric and hand drills, etc. See a useful article on how to choose a drill bit for metal, concrete, wood correctly. The drill has a working part divided into a cutting and cylindrical part, a shank placed in the spindle( a rotating shaft having a tool for fastening a drill, etc.) of the machine, and a presser foot. In order for the shavings to fly off to the side, two helical grooves with ribbons along the edges perform in the cylindrical part of the drill. Tape is designed to reduce the friction of the drill about the edge of the hole.

The cutting part of the drill is made in the form of a cone. It has three edges: one transverse and two cutting edges. Depending on the metal from which the part is made, the angle of sharpening of the drill is in the range 110-150 °.The shank of the drill may have a conical or cylindrical shape. The shank of a cylindrical shape is fixed by a cam chuck in the spindle of the machine. A shank having a conical shape is held in the spindle due to friction between the cone of the shank itself and the adapter cone bushing. The foot of the drill is designed to stop when removing the drill from the socket or chuck.

Instruments
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When working, the drill, rotating, removes the shavings from the metal surface and, gradually getting deeper into the part, moves along the axis of rotation. If the corners of the cutting edge of the drill are rapidly dulled, this is an indication that the rotation speed is too high and it needs to be reduced. This can be done only after the drive has been completely stopped.

Work with an electric drill in rubber gloves or standing while drilling one foot on a rubber mat. In addition, it is always necessary to monitor the condition of the wire of the electric drill. After finishing the drilling work, carefully clean the chips with a broom and discard.

Tool countersink

This tool is designed for finishing conical or cylindrical grooves, as well as chamfers of drilled holes for the heads of bolts, screws and rivets. The countersink can be conical and cylindrical. The cylindrical countersink consists of a shank, a working part with 4-8 teeth and a guide pin, which is lowered into the drilled hole, so that the axes of the hole and the recess obtained with the countersink are aligned. The conical countersink also has a shank and a working part. In most cases, countersinks with a cone angle of 60, 90 and 120 ° are used.

Tool countersink

Countersink is designed for finishing the holes obtained by different methods( for stamping, drilling, forging or casting).The senker looks like a drill. But unlike having 2 cutting edges of a drill, they have 3 or 4 countersinks. The countersink shank is clamped in the chuck. If the hole is drilled with a drill and then screwed with a countersink, the diameter of the drill must be less than the diameter of the finished hole.

Tool punch

The punch is used for making holes of various diameters.

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