Classification and description of bitumen mastic
Mastic is a well-demanded material. Applied it for the following works:
- waterproofing floors, walls, ceilings, bathrooms, tanks, swimming pools;
- device and repair of flat roofs;
- primer base before the fusing of roll materials.
Bitumen mastic for waterproofing is divided into several criteria:
- cold and hot application;
- stiffness and flexibility;
- by the kind of binder.
Hot mastic is heated to the required temperature before use. It is applied to the surface in a hot state, forms a seamless coating when it cools. The advantages of this mastic are: it does not shrink when hardened, it freezes after application in a few minutes, it has a low cost.
Mastic on solvents of cold application is fully ready for use. The downside of this material is its shrinkage, which occurs as a result of evaporation of the solvent upon hardening. But there are pluses: there is no need to warm up before use, labor time is effectively spent, a brush and a spatula are used for work.
Cold water mastic is called a bitumen emulsion. For its preparation, an emulsifier and a modifier are used. The emulsion contains only 50-70% of bitumen. It has the following positive properties: fireproof, non-toxic, drying time is shorter than solvent mastics, can be used inside living quarters.
Types of bituminous bituminous
Rigid waterproofing coatings are used in places that require high chemical resistance. And flexible have elasticity, with their help it is possible to cover one and a half millimeter cracks in the base.
Bitumen-polymer mastic incorporates modifiers( polymers), which give it high elasticity, heat resistance and frost resistance. It also increases adhesion to the substrate, resistance to loads and increases the longevity of the coating.
Rubber bitumen mastic contains rubber crumb, which improves the properties of bitumen. It becomes extensible, flexible and resistant to the external environment.
All waterproofing materials form a uniform, waterproof surface after application. They have high vapor permeability and remain elastic at any temperature. Also resistant to alkalis, brine and dilute acids.
Using bitumen mastic for waterproofing
Before applying the mastic, prepare the base and the proper tool. You will need: a brush, a broom, a roller. First you need to clean the surface of dust, debris and dirt. If there are cracks and irregularities, it is necessary to level and repair them with repair mixtures.
After the substrate has been prepared, a primer coat is applied. The thickness of the layer should be 1-2 mm. Primer is made of mastic, diluted with water in proportions of 1: 1, and mixed until homogeneous.
After the primer has completely dried and stabilized, it is possible to lay a basic waterproofing layer 2-4 mm thick.
The subsequent layers are applied at intervals of 5 hours, since the previous layer must completely dry. In total it is necessary to make 2-3 layers.
If roofing works are carried out, it is recommended to use fiberglass or fiberglass to create reinforcing material. It must necessarily be drowned in the mastic mass. Use the coating after completely drying after 12 hours.
