How to seal a crack in the wall

There are several reasons for the appearance of cracks in the wall of the building. Only by determining the reasons for their occurrence, depth and size is chosen the method of eliminating the problem. The appearance of cracks in the walls indicates the negative processes occurring at the base of the house, an immediate response is required.

Timely measures taken to remove cracks and strengthen the foundation will prevent further destruction and stopdeformation processes. The subsidence of the foundation leads to a skewing of the bearing walls and the destruction of the entire house. For cracks in brick walls there are several methods of repair, which differ from the ways of their elimination in concrete walls.

Reasons for the appearance of cracks in the walls of the house

Most often, the cause of cracks in the walls of the house is the deformation of the foundation or the general shrinkage of the house after construction.

1. Generally, it is enough two years after the house is built to complete the process of natural shrinkage. Depending on the composition of the soil or the internal soil changes, this process can be delayed or may resume after a while.
2. The subsidence of the basement may be caused by the leaching of the soil with groundwater. In such cases, before the work on repair of cracks, in the walls around the perimeter of the foundation, drainage is installed and waterproofing is done.
3. Natural natural factors, such as deep, repeated freezing and thawing of the soil adjacent to the foundation or the foundation itself, can lead to deformation processes. For the fight against freezing, the basement and blinds are warmed.
4. In the case of design deficiencies and incorrect distribution of loads on the foundation, it also subsides and deforms. In this case, without global rework and bringing in compliance with the norms of the constructive parts, it is indispensable.

Cracks can appear in case of using poor-quality materials when laying the foundation or breaking the technology. With uneven drying of the concrete after pouring the foundation, it loses its strength.

Elimination of cracks in the inner walls of the room

Small cracks up to 5 mm in width, not prone to enlarge are easily eliminated. Without global rework and big repairs.

1. With a spatula and tiny bit, the crack expands. Removing all weakly holding parts of the plaster, fragments of brick or concrete. Then the crack is moistened with water and thrown with cement mortar. After setting and drying of the cement mortar, the crack is shpakuetsya plaster mortar and smoothed finish shpaklevkoi.
2. It is possible to seal small crevices or cracks with mounting foam. After the foam hardens, a sharp knife removes excess deposits and deepen by 2 cm. Then the area is covered with cement mortar or plastered with putty.

Repair of medium-sized cracks in the walls of the house

Medium cracks are critical and require juicy measures. Such cracks and cracks will necessarily increase, which threatens the destruction of the house.

1. Work begins after the extinction time of the crack expansion. In order to follow the progression and determine the moment of attenuation, beacons are installed on the crack, and then they are monitored for their integrity. Do beacons from gypsum or firmly adhered paper tape.
2. Cracks are cleaned of debris that has accumulated in them, all poorly adhering pieces of masonry or fragments of a concrete wall are removed. Around the crack, the plaster is removed to the brickwork or concrete. A cement slurry is poured into the crack with fine crushed stone. Small pebbles of suitable size are inserted into the slot and tamped with a hammer.
3. Along the crack holes are drilled at a distance of 15 cm from the edge. Anchors or crutches are inserted into the holes, to which is fastened a metal strip - the lining. The ends of the strip are bent towards the wall and squeezed out at the time of fastening.
4. Such horizontal liners are installed along the entire length of the crack in increments of 20 - 25 cm. Above the liners is installed reinforcing metal mesh and the damaged area is plastered.

Elimination of large cracks in the facade wall and the foundation of the house

Large cracks, as a rule, affect the basement of the house. Therefore, their removal in the walls is done simultaneously with the repair of the foundation.

1. In the place where a large crack passes, a trench is digging to the depth of the foundation and about 1 meter wide from the edges of the crack. All weakly held or deformed masonry bricks are removed. The crack expands and is cleaned of debris.
2. Work on sealing a large crack in the wall begins with a foundation. In the crack on the foundation is filled with cement-gravel. Along the crack, reinforcement crutches are jammed, and a patch of metal strip or reinforcement is welded to them.
3. In the case of a subsidence of the foundation, underneath it the support beams are built. For beams, concrete poles, a metal channel, an I-beam or a pipe are used. Beams are built perpendicular to the length of the foundation. It is important that the beams protrude from under the base for half a meter. Then they are connected by welding and rebar. An educated platform will prevent further subsidence of the basement.
4. To eliminate the effects of harmful effects of moisture or frost, waterproofing and warming of the foundation are done. The surface of the foundation is cleaned of dirt and covered with waterproofing mastic. For thermal insulation, any material suitable for use in the ground is used. It is convenient to work with foam polystyrene, mineral wool, etc. At the same time, a drainage system is made to drain ground and sedimentary waters. Then the blind is made at least 0.5 meters wide.
5. Having finished with the foundation, a slot in the wall is closed. Inaccessible narrow spaces are filled with cement injections. To do this, inch holes are drilled along the entire length of the crack in steps of 20 - 25 cm and filled with cement mortar. A special injection syringe is used to fill the wells. It is a metal pipe with a piston and rubber seal. The cement slurry is injected into it and injected into inaccessible places.

The selected brick is laid exactly on the same place. If necessary, you can add a new brick or repair the space with stones. Masonry is made by a brick lock with the inclusion of metal bundles from scraps of reinforcement or strip.