Forms types
The formwork system is used for arranging horizontal and vertical structures, such as floors, crossbars, columns and so on. This construction is quite simple and allows you to mount the formwork quickly, of any shape and complexity. The system can be divided into two parts: the supporting system and the "deck".
The support system consists of telescopic racks. It is used when the ceiling is not more than five meters, and the thickness is not more than 40 centimeters. Otherwise, the bulk formwork is applied."Deck" is a metal or wooden beams that form a frame. Plywood or polymeric materials are the forming part.
Several designs are used:
- The cheapest way is to install a dismountable system from steel telescopic racks, wooden beams and plywood as a deck;
- The most versatile and technological option is the design of aluminum beams and frames;
- System with the use of metal components;
- Combined systems using wooden, metal and aluminum elements.
Note! For home construction, the first version of the structure is most often used.
Constructions for
walls Originally the formwork was used solely for the construction of foundations and ceilings, but to date wall decking has become a common practice in construction. Such a system allows the construction of monolithic walls. This process is much faster in time than the construction of brick walls. With its help, the walls of residential and industrial buildings are erected in the operational time and according to high building standards.
Wall formwork has become possible, thanks to the use of strong and light alloys, which are based on aluminum. These elements allow the whole structure to withstand the pressure of the concrete. In addition, mobility is maintained, which allows the team of workers to collect and disassemble the whole system in a short time. Also with its help it is possible to erect both external and internal walls, and this affects the speed of the entire construction.
Important! Wall formwork allows you not to make permanent measurements, but you can be sure that the same structures will be built absolutely identical.
Algorithm for carrying out work with your own efforts
Slab formwork with your own hands is being built quite uneasy, as it might initially seem. This requires skill, technology compliance, a large amount of material and iron nerves. The order of the installation of the formwork of the overlappings is as follows:
- With the meter-and-a-half steps, racks are installed on the tripods along the entire area of the future floor;
- From above in the racks mount supporting heads to maintain the longitudinal beams;
- The head fixes longitudinal beams, which are attached to the walls;
- The transverse beams are laid with waterproof plywood sheets, which serve as the bottom of the structure;
- Installation of lateral vertical shields is made;
- Next, adjusting the height of the racks, you need to align the structure horizontally;
- After that, all corners, fastenings and slots in the system are checked;
- When the alignment is complete, reinforcement is done and concrete is poured.
Note! If you have doubts about the reliability of plywood as floor panels, then, as an alternative, you can use metal shields.