How to build a garage on the site: types of structures and materials

As a person can not live without a roof over his head, so a car can not be in the open space. Some car owners believe that transport can be kept under a canopy, but even the most reliable canopy will not protect the car from the vagaries of nature, and sooner or later there will be a question of buying a garage in a cooperative or building a garage on your own site. And since it is a kind of "home" for cars, so the question "how to build a garage" should be approached with all responsibility, given the important technical requirements and nuances. To his readers, "House of Dreams" will help in all this to understand.

Classification of garages by types of structures

Professional builders divide garages into three large subgroups:

• built-in;
• attached;
• separate.

Let's look more closely in their features.

Built-in garages

Built-in garage, as a rule, is located in the basement of the house, combining with the main building walls, roof and floor. It is very difficult to erect such a garage with your own hands, becauseSuch a design should be projected even at the stage of planning the construction of the house.

Advantage of the built-in garage is the economy of the occupied space and simplicity of the internal arrangement. Since in a garage of this type, communications common to the house are used, there is no need to perform labor-intensive installation work.

However, there are some technical requirements that ensure safe operation of the built-in or coupled garage:

• first, according to building codes, with a built-in garage should not touch the living quarters. This is due to the fact that vapors of gasoline are unsafe for human health and, besides, can provoke an explosion;
• secondly, the ceiling of the garage, which is most often a built-in slab, should be as strong as possible;
• and, thirdly, it is absolutely necessary to equip a forced ventilation device in the garage.

Attached garages

The attached garage differs from the built-in construction in that it can be completed to the house after its erection. The garage of this type has its own external walls, floor and roof, connecting with the residential building only by an adjacent wall.

The attached garage allows to economically use the space of the territory. But keep in mind that for more comfortable operation it should be located perpendicular to the entrance part of the house, becausethis provides as short a detour as possible.

Like the previous construction, the erection of an attached garage must be in accordance with important technical requirements:

• if the garage and the house have an adjacent wall, it must be further sealed;
• in a room bordering the garage, you can not equip a living room or conduct important electrical communications;
• the distance between the garage and the door or windows of the house must be at least 2.5 meters.

The main difficulty of building an attached structure is the need to build a complex foundation. Ideally, a residential building and a garage should be based on a single foundation, becauseotherwise, because of the imbalance, the structure can "sit down", which will lead to a violation of the architectural integrity of the house. As for the roof, if it is not connected to the main room, it is simpler and cheaper to use a single roof.

As the attached garage is in contact with the house, electricity and all necessary communications can be carried out from the central system.

But keep in mind that according to the norms, the temperature in the garage in winter time should not exceed five degrees. This is due to the fact that high temperatures can provoke an explosive situation. And, besides, a significant contrast between the temperature in the street and in the room has a bad effect on the technical condition of the car.

Separate garages

The garage, standing separately, is an independent structure with its own foundation, walls, roof and communication system. On the one hand, a separate garage provides the most comfortable operating conditions and allows you to choose for the construction of any suitable materials, but on the other - communications in it are conducted from scratch, which is quite laborious and costly. In addition, it is possible to erect such a construction on a private plot only if there is a free area.

As with other types of construction, some technical requirements are put forward for the construction of a detached garage:

• if the entrance to the garage is combined with a fence, when opening its gates should not impede traffic along the carriageway;
• the minimum distance from the garage to the nearest residential house is 9 meters;
• if the house closest to the garage is covered with polymeric materials, then it can be erected no closer than 15 meters from the structure;
• a separate garage can not be located close to the neighboring site. By law, the distance between the garage and the beginning of the next section should be at least 1 meter;
• the minimum distance between the garage entrance and the door or the windows of the neighboring building is 10 meters.

In addition, when choosing the location for the garage, it must be taken into account that the further it is from the gate, the more difficult it will be to organize access roads.

Despite the strict requirements for construction, a detached garage is the most common type of construction for car maintenance, which you can build yourself.

From what you can build a garage: materials and their features

If the material for a built-in or attached garage often repeats the materialthe main building, a detached garage can be erected from brick, metal, wood, etc. Let's consider in detail pros and cons of various materials for the erection of this building:

1. Brick garages

The garage, created from brick, is practical and reliable. To build it requires a solid foundation, the type of which is selected taking into account the characteristics of the soil. Wall masonry is carried out in one brick provided they are further plastered on both sides. The finishing coat for walls must be moisture resistant. Most often in its quality is the facade paint or facing tiles.

For the organization of the floor, either concrete or cement screed is used, on top of which a primer is applied. For fire safety, the floor surface is additionally covered with ceramic tiles or special paint.

As for the garage roof, it can be flat or gable. A flat roof is made of a floor panel, and a gable roof can be made of a roof with a waterproofing covering and a roof.

2. Block garages

Building blocks for their thermal insulation qualities are almost inferior to bricklaying, but their cost is much lower. In addition, blocks weigh less than brick, respectively, the construction of a garage is possible and with a simpler foundation.

When choosing cinder blocks, you need to pay close attention to their quality. Since this material is easy to forge, it is possible that it will quickly become unusable.

3. Wooden garages

Wooden garages are most often built on the basis of frame or panel panels. This material is attractive for easy installation and low cost. Since the frame and panel panels are very light, there is no need to organize a complex foundation. But, preferring the construction of a garage made of wood, keep in mind that its walls will need to be further insulated. In addition, this material is the most flammable.

Similar characteristics are also available from the bar.

4. Metal garages

Metal garage is very simple in construction. Now on sale you can find "sets" of sheet steel, which are already ready for assembly. The weight of the metal garage is relatively small, so it does not need a solid foundation. However, the construction of this material has two significant drawbacks - low thermal conductivity and susceptibility to corrosion.

Inspection pit in the garage

The inspection pit is an important addition to any "motorhome", becausewithout it, the car owner will have to take his "iron horse" to the SRT for any malfunction, even if the problem can be eliminated on its own.

The process of organizing a pit in the garage is best done at the design stage:

1. First of all, you need to determine the dimensions of the pit. The width and length of the pit depends on the dimensions of the car, and the depth depends on the height of the driver. For convenience, the depth of the pit should exceed the height of a person by 10-15 centimeters, otherwise it will be difficult for you to go down and rise from it.
2. It is very important that the surface of the floor and walls of the inspection pit is securely waterproof and reinforced. For this purpose, concrete pouring, mesh-netting, clay and any suitable finishing materials are used.
3. In addition, for convenience in the inspection pit, you need to think about the option of descent( step ladder or individual steps), lighting and insulation.

The answer to the question - how to build a garage, depends on many factors. If you decide to design and create a house for your car yourself, first determine the type of construction, its location and the preferred material, and then carefully study the building requirements for your chosen option.