One of the primary and primary goals that are pursued when punching holes by oneself is to obtain clean water suitable for drinking directly. In this case, it will be considered as such if it corresponds to a number of parameters:
- the transparency of the water layer should be at a level of 300 mm( not less);
- the content of nitrates should not exceed the concentration of 10 mg per 1 liter of produced water;
- limit assessment of odor and taste - 3 points;
- one liter of extracted water should contain no more than 10 E. coli.
To determine these parameters, it is enough to simply pass water samples to a special examination carried out by the sanitary and epidemiological service.
At the initial stage, when drilling wells and wells, a pit is pulled out by hand. Its dimensions are 1.5 m in length, as much in width and, as a rule, 2 m in depth. This is done to prevent later shedding a fragile layer of soil. For reliability, the walls of the pit are plowed by boards.
Next, a drilling column or a drilling rig is being prepared. Typically, the role of a drilling rig can be successfully performed by a tripod, which is made from logs having a diameter of 15-20 cm. The winch is attached between the two legs of the tripod. In general, the drilling column consists of 6 bars, which are extended by means of adapter sleeves. It turns out something like a telescopic single pipe. It is important that when drilling with a tower the length of the rod reaches about 3 meters, and without it, 1.5 meters. The drilling column itself includes a head having a different form:
- drill bit;
- coil( spiral drill);
- bailer;
- bur-spoon.
If the soils are not susceptible to shedding, then it is more appropriate to use a bur-spoon. He is able to go deeper in one notch for 30-40 cm.
However, the question arises involuntarily: how to cut a hole with your own hands if there is a hard ground? For these purposes, the drill bit is quite appropriate. The technique of impact drilling is used.
To extract sand, soil or drilling mud, it is more reasonable to use a bailer. They can be ordinary, pneumatic, piston or clamshell.
Next, the drill rod is assembled. It is immersed by the use of a derrick. Before the rotation of the bar itself, it is more reasonable to make a mark near the level of 60 cm. When this level is reached, the bar must be raised and cleaned of the ground.
Drilling is better with an assistant, although some craftsmen manage to cope with the process on their own. Nevertheless, the work of the two is more comfortable and much faster.
The drilling process is carried out before the passage of the aquifer. After that, the well is cleaned thoroughly using a bailer.
A special filter descends to the very bottom of the drilled well. Its main task is to protect the bottom of the well from the sand, especially at the location of the water-lifting pipe.
The next step after drilling a well is the manufacture and installation of filters to produce clean water. It should be noted that this simple task can be performed independently, significantly saving its budget. You just need to buy some tools and materials, as well as make some effort, the benefit of various filter schemes today in the network can be found abound. The most popular variants of filters:
- hole filter;
- slotted;
- net;
- wire;
- gravel;
- gravity filter and others.
The final stage of the
At the final stage, the well is to be completed with its own hands. First of all, it is necessary to refine the pit, install an electric pump. As an option - to build a canopy from above, having a roof, or to do something else.
