Every lucky person who has got a garden or garden plot, and even with a large enough area, starts to puzzle about how he will break the garden there and how to rest at the dacha far from city worries and problems. But in order to make this dream come true in an ideal, it is necessary to properly plan the plot and equip it. You can certainly not bother and invite an experienced landscape designer who can create a 3 D plan, and a team of workers, but what if there is no money for this or you want to create your own Garden of Eden on your own. For example, let's take a dacha section of 10 acres: how to plan and equip it, we will consider in this article.
3 D garden plan - can be created, either as a sketch manually or with software products
Proper planning of the site
If after the construction of a dacha or a country house at your disposal there is still a decent amount of land, and 10 acres is morethan a decent area, then it is necessary to make it the right layout. For this, it is necessary to take into account several very important factors:
- Climatic features of the region and the specific terrain.
- Soil composition and indicators of its fertility.
- Geological features of the structure of the upper soil layers and relief.
- Terms, duration and other features of vegetation of plants in this natural zone.
Large stones, ravines or water bodies are also significant factors affecting the future design and layout of the site. It is important that the entire layout is subject to one design idea around which a cloud of smaller solutions is formed, related to the design of green spaces, flower beds, zoning, the creation of small architectural forms. We should not forget that the whole design of the site should correspond to the style in which the house itself and the houses are realized.
Site plan
The first step in the implementation of the tasks is to draw up a detailed plan for the entire site. Doing this is best on a scale, so you need to get a millimeter paper. You can choose the scale on your own. It should be understood that the larger the scale, the more details on the plan can be drawn. The plan can be drawn in detail or schematically, but it must necessarily be on a scale: a house with an entry to it, other outbuildings, tracks, fence along the perimeter and so on.
The plan can be drawn in detail or schematically, but it must necessarily be on a scale: a house with an entry to it, other outbuildings, tracks, perimeter fence and so on.
If a crop is planned to grow plants, let alone vegetables, it is necessary to take into account the location of the sides of the world and the wind rose. Properly designed, these circumstances will ensure good plant growth and high yields of vegetables.
For clarification and drawing on the plan of insolation zones, it is necessary to transfer all the shaded areas with some shading to the paper at 8 o'clock in the morning. The same procedure should be repeated at lunch and late in the evening. The direction of hatching must always be changed. At the end of the day, you will see where the area is shaded strongly( where three types of shading intersect), where it is moderately( 2 types of shading), and where little or no shading( one or none at all).This entire procedure is necessary for proper planting of plants.
Our plan should be supplemented with a geodetic picture of the site, that is, to depict all underground engineering communications on it and make a mark on the groundwater level. It is necessary to not plant large trees over the pipe, which can later damage it or die by themselves. It is necessary to take into account the relative heights, too, since the low-lying part of the lowland will have a more humid soil and slightly different weather conditions, which differ from those on the elevation.
Professionally executed topographic plan of the site with geodetic data on it
It is necessary to take into account also those objects that are outside the site, but in close proximity to it. For example, an ugly neighbor's fence can be decorated with a hedge or thick bushes. On the contrary, if the view opens a picturesque landscape, then in no case should it be closed by any objects.
All of the above should be reflected on the plan. From the garden house - 3 m.
After all the main points are marked in accordance with the requirements, you can start zoning the site.
Zoning of the site
Zoning refers to the division of the site into zones, in accordance with their purpose: for recreation, for farming, for growing vegetables. Here you can select a children's or sports ground, a greenhouse gazebo, a fountain or a pond, a garden or a rock garden. When planning the listed objects, it is necessary to take into account all their features. For example, any water body must necessarily be located at the lowest point of the site. The playground should be clearly visible from home and from any location on the site. The garden should be located in the northern part in order to avoid shading of vegetable crops. This, in addition, will protect the site from cold arctic winds. Flower beds and flower beds are best to plan on the flattest places. This will allow water to accumulate in one place.
Example of thoughtful zoning of the garden plot of
On the illuminated side of the house it is best to place climbing plants that will provide him with not only a decorative look, but also create more comfortable cool conditions in the hot season. Curly wild grapes allow you to decorate and not too attractive outbuildings. No one square meter of the available 10 hectare should not stand idle. Everything should be used effectively. When planning planting trees and shrubs, one should see the prospect of their growth. Otherwise, if the planting is too tight, after a few years your garden will become an impenetrable jungle. You should also leave a place for caring for plants.
When planning a site, you need to consider your real capabilities. Therefore, drawing up an approximate cost estimate for all activities is a compulsory necessity. It should take into account the costs not only for the creation of basic facilities, but also for the maintenance of the garden in the future regulatory environment.
As physical boundaries between zones, it is necessary to use natural natural objects: gullies, ponds, elevations, and artificial structures, to which the tracks mainly refer. You should plan the tracks so that they most effectively connect the objects on the site. To do this, you need to go out with a plan to the area and go there. Not necessarily the tracks must be straight. The main thing is to want to go on them, not past them, to cut off the path.
Drainage of the site
If the groundwater is very shallow all the time or only in the spring, then it is worthwhile to think about an effective drainage system. When planning a site, this issue must be resolved. After all, sometimes the construction of an object disrupts the natural flow of water so that it leads to the flooding of the basement or other adverse consequences. Therefore, the drainage system should be built on the site in the first place, and therefore its design should be carried out initially. When constructing the drain, the following rules should be considered:
- The minimum slope of drainage ditches or pipes is 3 cm for every 10 m of drainage.
- The horizontal section must not be longer than 10 m.
- The reverse bias in the drainage system is not permissible.
Groundwater drainage scheme in the suburban area
For rainwater drainage it is necessary to make an independent system parallel to the main one along the perimeter of the basement of the house. It must also be designed in advance. For the creation of drainage systems, special polyethylene pipes of various sections and geotextiles are now successfully used.
Taking into account the terrain when planning and decorating the site
Both the planning and the subsequent decoration of the site must take into account the peculiarities of the terrain on which it is located. For example, if outside the site there is a wasteland or just a wilderness, then the transition from the site to this place should not be evident. This, in addition to all, also the boundaries of the site will expand. Located on the slope site allows you to show all the design fantasy and make it completely different from the others. Using props and stairs, it is possible to design a stepped garden that will be filled with terraces and levels with different species composition of plants. Closed high-fence site should be in one or two places to make it visible, to create a positive visual axis, which will visually expand it.
The height and massiveness of the objects created on the site should not be in dissonance with its dimensions. Small plots can not be enclosed by tall trees or fences. This visually reduces it even more. The plot of 10 hectare is large enough, therefore it is possible to use the above objects for its fencing. To distinguish zones, in addition to tracks, you can use decorative walls of small height or shpalerniki, installed along the boundary of the difference in altitude. Not bad for this purpose, and shrubs, which can also emphasize the features of the relief of the site.
Example of terracing the land with the use of various artificial and natural objects
The site located on a flat terrain can be transformed into a layered artificially. This is also done to differentiate it into zones. A vivid example of a man-made change in the morphology of the relief is the creation of an inclined garden. This technology involves creating a depression in the center of the site, so that it begins to resemble a cone-shaped funnel or amphitheater. High plants, which constitute the main part of the entire design of the site, also serve as natural boundaries for the zone. They can also play the role of fencing around the perimeter.
The economic side of the issue
The breakdown and improvement of the garden on the site requires considerable financial and labor inputs. The plan for future territory allows for more accurate estimates of future expenditures. The total amount of all costs should not exceed your ability. The plan will help determine which methods and methods can be cheaper and more effective to achieve the desired result. To make everything right you can use the knowledge and skills of specialists. Approximate cost of their services to date:
- Departure to the site, taking measurements, photographing, discussion of a holistic design concept can cost around 100 cu.
- Drawing up a geodesic plan with geodetic survey - from 20 cu.for one hundred, that for 10 hectare will be already 200 cu.
- Creation of a landscaping and landscaping project, including drawing sketches, master plan and dendroplane, layout drawing and budget documentation - 50 cu.
Total, a complex of specialist services can cost 350 USD.best case scenario. Therefore, if you are not ready to give such money, then you need to do all these things yourself, having studied a lot of benefits for landscape design. However, the independent creation of your garden from scratch - it's very interesting, and if there is a desire, imagination and a lot of free time can be realized in a truly "paradise".It will not only be able to effectively grow a variety of vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops, but also relax with family and friends from long working days. The plot of 10 hectare is able to accommodate a house with all necessary outbuildings, a garden with terraces with stairs, a fountain or a pond, a garden with beds and a field for potatoes. In this case, there may still be a little room for walking small pets and poultry.
