Horizontal waterproofing of the foundation

Horizontal waterproofing of the foundation is made to prevent capillary suction of moisture from the ground. Even with a good waterproofing of the basement walls, the possibility of its wetting through the base or damaged areas of hydroprotection remains. In this case, the porous foundation material absorbs water like a piece of sugar. Not only the foundation is wet, but also the walls of the lower floor. Freezing of wet structures leads to their damage and the appearance of cracks, and with subsequent temperature changes the situation is aggravated. In addition, the humidification of the foundation causes a deterioration of the microclimate in the house, increased humidity and the appearance of fungus, mold, swelling of wooden structures. All this can be avoided if you carry out a timely horizontal waterproofing of the foundation.

Types of horizontal waterproofing

Horizontal insulation can be made:

• Roll materials on the prepared base;
• Impregnation and injection.

Waterproofing by roll materials, pasting or floating method is carried out during the construction of the building, before the construction of the walls.

Impregnation and injection waterproofing can be performed both during construction and during the operation of the building.

Oak horizontal horizontal waterproofing of the foundation

For the horizontal waterproofing of the foundation, a leveling screed device is necessary. Most often it is made of cement-sand mortar with the addition of filler, which improves the waterproofness of concrete. As the basic material for waterproofing, roll materials on bitumen or polymer basis with increased mechanical strength act.

Waterproofing technology:

1. The surface of the foundation is leveled with a cement-sand screed with additives that increase the resistance of concrete to the penetration of water.
2. After complete drying of the cement screed, the surface of the foundation is primed with an aqueous or bitumen-based primer with a roller or brush. After this, the primer is allowed to dry for several hours and a layer of bitumen or polymer mastic is applied to the horizontal surface of the foundation, paying special attention to the corners, seams and other structural elements where condensate stagnation is possible.
3. For waterproofing with ruberoid and other roll materials that require the application of an adhesive layer, the mastic should not be dried - the first layer of roofing material is laid directly on the mastic. If a waterproofing pasting with an adhesive layer is used, the web material is glued to the dried mastic, carefully ironing the roller to remove air bubbles.
4. For deposition of a floating insulation, a propane torch is needed: the roll is heated and slowly rolled over the surface, pressing it to the base.
   

   Non-floating waterproofing - the process of applying with a gas burner

5. The roll insulation is laid in two or three layers, and it is necessary to ensure that the seams overlap with the upper strips. The width of the waterproofing should be such that it covers any contact of the building walls with the foundation, including the finishings and the internal plaster.
6. For a building with a basement, a horizontal waterproofing is performed under the base of the foundation, just above the blind and at the end of the basement. For buildings without a basement room it is enough to waterproof the foundation from the walls.
   

   The process of applying horizontal waterproofing to the foundation

Penetrating horizontal waterproofing of the foundation

Penetrating coating waterproofing is carried out using cement mortars with modifiers - active chemical compounds. When interacting with concrete, they crystallize and form a solid waterproof surface layer, resistant to aggressive chemicals and erosion. The method is relatively inexpensive and very effective, but requires preparatory work.

Technology of penetrating coating waterproofing:

1. Surface of concrete is scraped to a hard layer, dust, dirt, rust and paint marks, waterproofing residues are removed. The residues of fat are removed with a solution of hydrochloric acid. The prepared surface should be strong, have open pores, the reinforcement must be cleaned to a metallic luster. Joints, cracks and seams expand, clean.
2. The cement mortar is mixed with filler, water and modifiers according to the instructions and left to ripen.
3. The concrete surface is wetted with water until saturated, but not waterlogged - this will improve grip and allow the mortar to penetrate deeper into the material.
4. Apply cement slurry with a spatula, level and leave to dry for several days, at this time it can not be loaded. The waterproofing made in this way significantly increases the watertightness of concrete structures, so it can be used both for the erection of new buildings, and for the repair and reconstruction of existing buildings.
   

   Application process for penetrating( lubricating) waterproofing

Penetrating sprayed waterproofing is carried out using special solutions based on two-component polymer solutions. They have low viscosity, due to which they are able to penetrate deep into the concrete filling its capillaries, and after contact with the hardener they form a waterproof layer. Penetrating sprayed waterproofing on newly constructed structures is usually combined with vertical waterproofing.

Injectable waterproofing of the foundation

An injection method based on saturation of porous concrete through specially drilled holes is also used for the repair of foundations. The depth of penetration reaches half a meter, and upon contact with the moisture contained in the foundation, injection solutions swell, completely closing the pores and preventing capillary suction of moisture from the ground.

Injection waterproofing technology:

1. The walls of the basement, from the outside or inside, are cleaned of impurities and the remnants of a roll-up waterproofing. Calculate the required number of holes - holes, placing them at a distance so that a solid waterproof layer forms in the foundation.
2. Drill holes a little more than the width of the foundation, placing them at a slight angle. Insert holes in the holes - parkers, serving to feed and even distribution of the composite solution.
3. Low-pressure pumps( no more than 0.4 MPa) are used for feeding, allowing to mix a low viscosity polymer gel with a hardener immediately before introducing it into the thickness of concrete structures, as a result of which a deep soaking is achieved before starting solidification.
4. Impregnation is carried out until the holes are completely filled, after which the parkers are removed and the holes are closed with a cement-sand mixture.

After curing of the polymer composition and swelling from the interaction with the moisture contained in the concrete, an absolutely waterproof layer is formed.

All types of horizontal waterproofing are effective enough, but for maximum protection against moisture penetration into the structure of the building, it is also necessary to provide vertical waterproofing of the foundation. Thus, waterproofing the foundation with your own hands is not a complicated process.