Calculation of concrete grade for a strip foundation

When constructing a private house, the chosen brand of concrete for the strip foundation plays a great role, which must not only be properly selected, but also correctly calculated.

It is the belt type of foundation that is most in demand in private and suburban construction.

In turn, concrete is practically the only material from which a foundation can be made.

From it is executed not only the foundation itself, but also the base of the house, as well as other elements of the construction of the base of the house.

From what concrete will be chosen for these purposes, and which brand will be used, the strength of the whole structure depends to a large extent.

In addition, before starting construction work, it is necessary to calculate both the approximate volume of the solution, and also to choose the proportions of the components in order to accurately know the required amount of sand and gravel.

Calculation of the size of the foundation is carried out taking into account all the basic elements of the base, including the base.

The proportions of components used for the preparation of concrete should be selected based on several different factors.

Basic characteristics of concrete

In order to correctly determine the grade of concrete for a strip-type foundation, and to calculate the volume and proportions, it is necessary to pay attention to several different factors.

First of all, after calculating, determine the approximate weight of the prefabricated house.

In addition, it is necessary to understand what kind of aggregate burden on the main support will be provided by all sorts of external factors.

Also, the type of reinforcement and the basement, which will surround the house along the perimeter, will be taken into account. A great importance is played by the type of soil on which construction work is carried out.

In some individual cases, before starting work on the construction of the foundation of the tape type, it is required to pre-erect a special concrete pillow.

Its thickness should not exceed ten centimeters and for these purposes it is best to use concrete with a mark from M100.In this case, the volume of the solution will be small.

In the case when the house under construction will have a relatively small overall weight, for example, if the house is built of panel structures, a concrete of a non-high grade, such as the M200, is suitable for a tape-type basement.

A wooden house with small dimensions, which has a low base and is erected on a territory on which underground water lies close to the surface, can be erected on a foundation of concrete with the M250 mark.

Accordingly, more cumbersome structures that have a relatively large weight, must necessarily be made on a foundation with a higher grade of concrete, starting from the M350.

The M450 is considered to be the most durable and reliable concrete capable of withstanding the most diverse loads, but its application is justified only when building large houses, as well as in areas that have unstable ground.

In each individual case, under the foundation of the belt type concrete grade, proportions and volume are selected individually.

Required components of

It should be noted that the brand of concrete that is to be used for the tape type of the foundation is not the only issue that needs to be determined before starting the construction work.

Also it is necessary to correctly calculate the ratio of all components used for solution preparation. It is important to accurately determine the amount of sand added, crushed stone and, of course, cement.

In most cases, under the base and the base of the erected house take the proportion of 5 /3/ 1. In this ratio, the largest amount of gravel is taken, followed by sand and cement from the total mass.

As gravel, you can use gravel, which has the lowest price. In private low-rise construction, the most commonly used solution is standard labeling from P3 to P4.

In the case where the base of the belt type is erected on soils with high humidity and containing clay, concrete is needed, which has an increased water resistance.

In this case, it is reasonable and reasonable to use a solution with the brand from W8 to W12.In turn, for soils of rock or sand type, a W2 solution is suitable.

In any case, the required calculation of concrete for the base of the belt type is carried out taking into account both the characteristics of the ground and the house itself.

The grade of the solution determines its strength characteristics and indicates the load, which is one square centimeter of the whole area.

For example, if the calculation shows the expected load on the base and the basement of two hundred kilograms, you need concrete with a mark of at least M200 and so on.

In turn, the total volume of the mixture is determined based on the area of ​​the foundation itself.

Component ratio

Calculation of the ratio of concrete mix components to the foundation of the belt type is based on the concrete grade to be obtained at the outlet.

So, if a concrete grade M100 is required for a foundation, it will be necessary to mix one part of the cement with the M400 brand, three pieces of sand and six pieces of rubble, respectively.

When preparing the mortar, remember that the quality and strength of concrete is affected by absolutely all the ingredients that make up its composition.

Their total number and ratio, as well as the total volume will be the determining factor when erecting a tape type foundation.

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Also do not forget about such a component of any concrete solution, like water. Calculate the amount of water is difficult.

As a rule, its volume is determined by eye and is better if the mixture is not liquid, but at the same time rather elastic.

It should not be allowed that the solution is highly liquid, since in this case its strength characteristics greatly decrease.

The most optimal option for erecting a tape-type foundation is to use medium-density concrete with high elasticity.

In this case, the base of the house will be as strong and stable as possible and will be able to protect the structure from possible ground movements.

It is better to use prefabricated concrete, but it will cost quite a lot. If the solution is prepared independently, then the presence of a concrete mixer is a prerequisite.

Without it to prepare a solution in the required quantity, which will meet all the requirements, it is simply impossible.

In turn, when pouring a liquid solution, you should use a special construction vibrator, with which the concrete is well attenuated and all the air will escape from it.

Advice and recommendations

When preparing the solution, special attention should be paid to the amount of water added.

Its approximate ratio is the same amount of liquid per bucket of cement, but in each individual case it can vary.

Also of great importance is the quality of crushed stone. Form the mixture follows from the same fraction of the gravel. Best for these purposes is the rubble, which has a large fraction.

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If fine gravel is used, then increase the content of this component in the solution. Also attention should be paid to the selection of sand.

It should not contain clay and debris, as these ingredients reduce the quality of the finished solution.

In any case, from each component used in the mixture depends on what the result will be the foundation.

For the foundation of a tape-type house, the brand of cement mortar used is important. Its choice should be approached taking into account all relevant factors.

Only a qualitatively executed base will provide the necessary strength to the entire structure as a whole.