It should be borne in mind that the kilns are different: for example, for heating - "Dutch", for cooking - a Russian oven, in which you can bake pies. Therefore, it is necessary to dwell on the variant that best suits the given dwelling and its owners. However, there are general rules that apply to all ovens without exception. Differences can be minor. For a good owner, knowing the specifics of the arrangement and laying of a brick oven, such work does not present difficulties.
Installing the
furnace The location of the
should be determined. Many experts recommend that before the beginning of the work to build a mock-up of such a furnace, in other words, "train".Then the concept of laying will be, and the miscalculations will be visible. It should be borne in mind that the distance between the chimney pipe and the roof slabs( rafters) should not be less than 15 cm. After that, the place under the foundation of the stove is marked. It is desirable to make it larger than the rest of the structure. The foundation must be waterproofed. It is necessary to constantly check the correctness of the masonry in the process of work. The walls of the furnace must be "strictly vertical".Particular attention is paid to the corners - all the rest of the work depends on the correctness of their layout.
Methods and order of masonry
The masonry of the furnace can be different: there is a clutch in the cutting, and there are with empty seams. When laying the first way, the stove is then not plastered, since the mortar fills all the seams. Depending on the thickness of the walls, brick is also laid. The walls can be laid out in one brick and half. There is also masonry in ¾, in different ways. You should choose to work with oven bricks. It is also called a red brick, full-bodied.
In no case should you use brick from some disassembled buildings, claydite blocks or slit bricks. The first row is simply laid out with bricks, without mortar. The bricks are leveled, the front wall, the location of each door is determined. This, so to speak, the last "estimate".After that, the bricks are "put" on the solution. Then begins the laying of corners. After this, the old masters recommend making the outline of the entire furnace.
Using plumbs, from the corners of the oven to the ceiling stretch the twine. Such vertical lines serve as an excellent guide in the process of work. Depending on the chosen model of the furnace( and this depends on the type of fuel), there are also places for an ashtray, a combustion chamber, an ash pan. The door of the sump is put after the third row of masonry, and even through the row - the ash pan. Then - the furnace. All the doors are fixed in the masonry with the aid of a burnt wire.
When laying the roof of the furnace, bricks will have to be sawed. It is necessary to calculate that they fit well with each other. The laying of the arch begins after the second row of bricks above the door of the furnace. 
When facing the combustion chamber a special refractory brick is used. Since he and the brick in the masonry have different temperature characteristics, the cladding and the furnace itself should not be tightly connected. When installing the chimney, you need to provide a special valve, which should be well regulated.
Video about the laying of the furnace:
