Installation of electric underfloor heating with own hands with photo

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Contents

  • 1 Device for electric underfloor heating
  • 2 How to choose an electric warm floor. Types of cables
  • 3 Rules for calculating the warm floor electrical
  • 4 Mounting the electric underfloor heating with your own hands. Installation technology

The device of an electric warm floor photo Now for the device of a warm floor all the time more often began to apply an electricity. In this case, a special electric cable is used, with the help of which the floor heating occurs. The site is a self-repair apartment, has prepared a good instruction on the device, the choice and installation of floor heating with their own hands with photo materials. So, let's get started.

The device of an electric warm floor

The variant of a warm floor in which the electric cable is applied, unlike a water heating system, is accessible both to owners of private houses, and to inhabitants of city high-rise buildings. When the electric floor heating device is installed, no installation of pipes and their connection to the heat supply system is required, all work is to lay a thin electric cable and connect it to the electrical network.

The system of such a floor is much easier to manage, as there are quite a lot of various electronic devices that will take care that the temperature is always at a given level. Such warm floors can be used in a variety of rooms, including country houses, cottages. For example, using such a system, you can maintain the necessary temperature in a small country house or adjust the switch-on timer so that at the time of leaving the garage the room is heated, for a sure start of the engine.

By its design, the electric warm floor is much like a heating system, in which the coolant is water. Ways of laying also practically do not differ from the installation of a water-heated floor, the only difference is that in this case the heating element is a cable.

How to choose an electric warm floor. Types of cables

How to choose an electric warm floor. Cable types photo According to the principle of operation, heating cables are divided into two types - self-regulating and resistive .

The whole system of electric underfloor heating consists of power wires that are laid to connect the system( mainly they are laid in the wall), and the cables themselves, with which the floor heating is done. To reduce the resistance, the connection of power and heating cables is carried out using special couplings, as shown in the photo below.

The main heating element of the resistive cable is a vein having increased resistance, passing through which the electric current is converted into thermal energy. To avoid electric shock to people, the heating wire is covered with a layer of insulation, on top of which a braid of metal is applied. This braid serves as a grounding and is a shielding protection against electromagnetic fields that arise as a result of work. All these layers are covered with external insulation. Resistive cables can have either one or two wires.

The system with single-core cable is the simplest version of the electric underfloor heating system. Its installation consists in laying the cable along the floor area, for which purpose it is necessary to provide for the connection of both ends of the cable to the power supply system, that is, the cable is placed on the floor in the form of a loop. Such a system, along with its simplicity, has one significant disadvantage, as a result of the flow of electric current along the cable core, an electromagnetic field is formed. The braid smoothes this physical phenomenon, nor the result is not always satisfactory.

In the two-core cable, there is also a conductor, which is located between two heating wires. Considering that the electric current passes in different directions, the electromagnetic fields arising in different wires compensate each other. When installing resistive cables, you should carefully seal them in the screed, so that there is no overheating, and the cable does not come off the system.

Heating cable. The device of an electric warm floor.

self-regulating cables are free from the shortcomings that are found in resistive cables, since here the heating element is a polymer matrix. In the case of overheating of one section, the current decreases in it, which affects the release of heat. In this area, the temperature decreases, while the rest of the system is operating in the normal mode. Self-regulating cables have a cost several times greater than conventional heating cables, but they guarantee a long service life.

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Rules for calculating the floor heating of electric

When buying a cable, you must first determine the power of the entire heating system, per 1m2.Experts advise to adhere to the following selection parameters:

- bedroom - 100-150 W / m2;

- entrance hall, corridor, kitchen - 150 W / m2;

- toilet, bathroom - 180 W / m2;

- balcony, loggia - 200W / m2.

Using these data, you can easily determine the specific power of the floor heating system. When calculating, it is necessary to exclude the area occupied by permanently standing objects( cabinets, sofas, bath, refrigerator, etc.).All these items interfere with the normal air circulation, this will cause unnecessary energy consumption, and in these places it is possible to overheat the cables and break them.

It should also be borne in mind that wiring in living quarters is designed for a maximum of 2 to 4 kW, so calculating the heating capacity must take this moment into account. As an option to output separately.

Calculation of cable power is calculated according to the following scheme. If you take for example the area of ​​the bedroom 5 m2, while the power should be 100 W / m2.We get 100x5 = 500 watts. In the store you need to choose a cable that has the appropriate power. Closest, for example, will be a cable with a length of 24 m and having a power of 550W.Now you need to calculate the step of laying the cable - 5x100 / 24 = 21 cm( S heating x100 / cable length) Our online calculation calculator for the power of the electrical warm floor will help in this.

Installation of electric underfloor heating with your own hands. Installation technology

Before installing the electric floor heating, you need to determine the place where the thermostat is to be installed. To do this, you need to hollow out a hole in the wall into which the installation box will be installed. Usually this is done at an altitude of 50 - 100cm. After this procedure, it is necessary to supply power and ground to the installation site of the box. From the installation site we make a groove in the wall, along which the power wires will go to the place of connection with the heating cable.(In the photo below, one of the variants of the installation technology is shown in the room, in this example the bathroom).

Installation of electric underfloor heating

After all these works proceed to laying the cable, previously making a layer of thermal insulation( about 2 cm thick).The cable is laid on the leveled surface. When installing the cable, make sure that the rows of the cable do not touch each other. The cable is laid according to the scheme obtained in the calculation. It is possible to make stacking, both parallel lines, and on a spiral, the big difference in it is not present. Laying is done on the mounting tape, which is stacked in steps of about 50cm. It is necessary to conduct power wires to the thermostat, the coupling must always be in a concrete screed. After laying the heating cable, a temperature sensor is installed, it must be installed in a plastic pipe. Before final pouring the floor, you should check the cable quality by the tester to avoid re-dismantling the screed in case of factory cable rejection.

To control the temperature, it is necessary to give priority to programmable thermostats, which will allow heating to be used while the hosts are present in the room.

Now that everything is in place, you can start pouring cement-sand screed. If the floor surface is solid, the thickness of the screed layer should be more than 3 cm, and if you are settling the thermal insulation layer, then more than 5 cm.

You can start the connection of the heating cable when the screed hardens. Screw clamps are on the rear side of the thermostat, they need to connect wires sensors that determine the floor temperature, as well as the power wires from the heating cable and the wiring that feeds the entire system. If you are not sure that you will be able to implement this procedure, we advise you to provide this task to specialists.

The installation of the electric underfloor heating floor is over. For analysis and the final choice of the system, see how to make a water-heated floor with your own hands, the mounting technology is slightly different. Maybe you want to lay the water floor. If you have any questions, feel free to ask in the comments.

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