Removing contaminants makes water potable, protects connected technical devices from damage, and solves other practical problems. How to organize complex cleaning of high quality without excessive costs? Studying specialized technologies will help prepare the right answer to this question.
From what we will purify water from a well in a house and a cottage - iron with hardness
The parameters of the problem to be solved largely depend on the initial level of contamination of the liquid coming from the connected source. Turbidity, an unpleasant taste or odor can quickly identify poor water quality.
Separate signs confirming the presence of problems appear later.
The brown and black precipitates are ferrous iron and manganese, respectively, which have been converted from a dissolved state to solid particles by oxidation. The scale on the walls of the kettle is calcium and magnesium salts, which are changed by the heating process.
The need for fine and coarse purification of water from a well in such conditions is obvious. But for the qualitative preparation of the project, an accurate calculation is needed. It is performed on the basis of data obtained from laboratory analysis of samples. Relevant studies are offered on a paid basis by regional branches of the SES and specialized enterprises.
Bacteria and other microorganisms are extremely rarely present in the sources of this category. The wells are reliably protected from nitrates and other wastes of human activity by a powerful natural filter formed from a thick layer of soil.
For these reasons, under typical reference conditions, the following characteristic impurities will have to be eliminated:
- solid components - large particles of rocks, fine suspensions;
- hardness salts - calcium and magnesium;
- divalent iron and manganese.
Data on the composition and concentration of contaminants will help determine the appropriate treatment method.
Consider popular water treatment systems
Try to study the current market offers on your own. You will find a large number of ready-made solutions offered by specialized companies. It seems that in this variety, you can quickly choose a model with suitable technical parameters. But this opinion is in fact erroneous.
Let's explain this statement on an example with an unlimited budget. Ion exchange is usually suggested to eliminate the scaling problem. The effectiveness of this technology is not in doubt. However, its reproduction implies the placement of a large set in a separate room with good sound insulation. Requires supply of engineering networks, preliminary water purification. With a high level of rigidity, expensive loading is used. For continuous processing, you will have to put two working lines in parallel. The total costs may exceed the price of equipment according to the price list by 2-3 times. Even in the maximum package of equipment, there is no possibility of automated adjustment taking into account changes in salt concentration.
The same problem, the formation of scale, eliminates the compact generator of electromagnetic pulses. It works without noise and specialized downloads in a fully automated mode. A separate advantage is the low operating costs - the payment for electricity, taking into account the consumption of 5 W per hour. But this solution also cannot be called ideal, since the force field does not trap harmful impurities.
To eliminate errors when choosing, we will study in more detail the features of typical water purification systems for a cottage. We note the characteristic shortcomings that are mentioned in the reviews of specialists and equipment owners.
1 place. hollow fiber
2nd place. electromagnetic
3rd place. Ion exchange
4th place. Ozone
5th place. Cartridge
hollow fiber
Small impurities (from 0.01 microns) are removed by ultrafiltration. Flushing of the cheapest membranes in this category is not provided by the design. This disadvantage reduces their service life until the moment when the internal ducts are clogged. The time schedule for the replacement of working modules is calculated taking into account the actual operating conditions - water pollution and consumption.
A more profitable solution is to install a fine water purification membrane that is cleaned by flushing. The service life of products in this category is several years.
electromagnetic
The easy handling of equipment in this category will appeal to users who want to eliminate unnecessary hassle. The induction coil is wound on the outer surface of the pipe. Dismantling of engineering networks is not required, as well as subsequent sealing of threaded connections. The device, connected to the 220 V network, operates in automatic mode.
When choosing a technique, it is recommended to pay attention to the power consumption and signal frequency. In the basic version (4-6 W, 1-15 kHz), scale protection is effective at a distance of up to 600-900 meters. Permissible water hardness ranges from 15 to 18 meq/l.
Changing the signal parameters (18-20 W, upper frequency limit 45-50 kHz) improves performance. Such devices operate at hardness up to 23-25 meq/l. They protect engineering networks at a distance of up to 1800-2000 meters from the area where the induction coil is wound.
Ion exchange
The characteristic disadvantages of the equipment listed in the example should be supplemented with the features of preliminary water treatment. Manufacturers recommend monitoring:
- salt content (total) and suspended fractions;
- chromaticity;
- concentration of iron, active chlorine;
- permanganate oxidation.
Completely removed:
- sulfides;
- hydrogen sulfide;
- oil products;
- sand and other abrasives.
The temperature in the working area must be maintained no higher than +35°C. For this reason, the main column is placed at a sufficiently large distance from the heating radiators. When arranging individual components of the structure on the plan, free passages are left to simplify maintenance. A separate place will have to be allocated to accommodate a supply of tableted salt. Its consumption for one regeneration cycle is from 4.8 to 10.4 kilograms with a planned capacity of 1.3 to 2.5 cubic meters per hour.
Ozone
Ozone treatment is used to accelerate the oxidation of iron and manganese. Gas generation is performed by a relatively simple generator, which generates a high-voltage discharge in the working area. Budget models are cheap, which increases their attractiveness. But experts recommend using analogues of the semi-professional category.
The reason for the need to increase the budget is the toxicity of ozone. To prevent dangerous situations, high-quality water treatment plants are equipped with destructors, filters loaded with activated carbon, and other functional additions.
Coarse and fine cartridge filter
In a cottage, the use of systems and filters for coarse and fine cleaning is advisable with a low level of contamination at the inlet or at the final stage of drinking water preparation. This will help reduce operating costs. The resource of the device according to the manufacturer is estimated with a margin. This indicator is determined by the results of tests in which SanPiN standards are not exceeded.
Brands of filters for water purification from a well and a well
Leading companies in the field of water treatment produce a wide range of products. We note in their current offers water purification filters, which are recommended by manufacturers for the cottage.
1 place. Geyser
2nd place. Aquaphor
3rd place. new water
Geyser
In the corresponding category, column-type units and cabinet models are offered. They are designed for aeration, softening, iron removal. A passing function is the retention of mechanical impurities, therefore, the corresponding working modules are included in the typical set.
Serial products of Geyser filters are equipped with RunXin and Clack automatics. Separate solutions are designed to work with normal and high iron content (hardness salts). The most expensive systems are designed for users to open up to six taps at the same time.
Aquaphor
It is proposed to choose water treatment components for the home on a special page of the official website. Here you can change various initial parameters to automatically develop proposals with descriptions of individual models. The prepared scheme of the project includes preliminary (coarse filters) and finishing (reverse osmosis units) processing stages.
new water
This manufacturer does not make a special division of products, taking into account the peculiarities of water purification from a well and a well in a cottage. In the list of serial models, the advantages of direct-flow reverse osmosis systems can be distinguished. They work with high productivity (up to 2200 liters of drinking water per day), so they can be used without a storage tank.
What is the best water treatment equipment to buy?
Large companies offer a variety of water treatment equipment. But their production programs are optimized for the average needs of the market.
Therefore, for a more accurate choice, you should study the specialized installations of other brands:
- electromagnetic - AquaShield;
- hollow fiber - Aquaris;
- ozonation - OZON-M.
This approach will help you buy a water purification system that is best suited for a particular cottage.
Issue price
The cost data as of the date of preparation of the publication is supplemented by the features of popular models:
- Aquaris hollow fiber membrane filter (price 49,200 rubles) - processes 2000 liters per hour;
- electromagnetic device AquaShield Pro (price 19,900 rubles) - destroys bacteria, destroys old deposits;
- column system Geyser (price 136,300 rubles) - performs reagent deferrization and aeration;
- OZON-M (price 210,000 rubles) - a specialized installation for ozonation with automatic control and management in the kit;
- PRIO EXPERT / New water OSMOS STREAM MOD620 (price 52,000 rubles) is a direct-flow reverse osmosis system.
Make no mistake when calculating costs. Include travel and other additional costs to form a budget.
Results and conclusions
As shown in the study, the store price of a cottage water treatment system does not determine the total amount of funding.
Preparation of a project is required, which takes into account all significant positions:
- well contamination;
- throughput and other characteristics of engineering networks;
- dimensions, configuration, sound insulation of the technical room;
- the maximum number of taps that open at the same time;
- layout of functional blocks;
- service procedures, etc.
Only after the approval of a certain plan, it will be possible to draw a conclusion about the real costs. Use the help of professionals to eliminate errors in the organization of water treatment.
