How to conduct electrical wiring to the garage from the meter in the house?

Good afternoon! Yes, you have absolutely trouble with electricity in the "picture". It is not entirely clear from the photo, but it looks like there are two single-pole circuit breakers at the input, which is prohibited by the rules. Releases in neutral conductors may be installed only on condition that when they are triggered, all energized conductors are disconnected from the network at the same time. The RCD rating is not selected correctly, it must not be lower than the upstream circuit breaker. With an input AB 32 A, the RCD rating should be 32 or 40 A. From the RCD comes the PVA cable, which is prohibited for use as stationary wiring, because it burns.

And on the question asked - cable VVGngLS 2x4, RCBO 25 A will do

A.5.4 For single-family houses, UDT with a rated residual breaking current up to 30 mA is recommended to be provided for group lines, supplying sockets inside the house, including basements, built-in and attached garages, as well as in group networks supplying bathrooms, showers and saunas. For externally installed plug sockets, the installation of an RCD with a rated residual breaking current of up to 30 mA is mandatory.

In this case, you need to make a calculation for voltage losses, along the length of the cable, any online calculator.

For currents up to 25 A, you need to use the appropriate 32 A sockets, but not 16 A or use a terminal block.