CPD: what's this? The use and classification of material

The construction industry offers a wide range of products for different types of finishing and repair work. Modern production every year progresses in a new variety of construction products. CPD is one of the most popular materials. CPD: this, as this abbreviation stands for and what to consider when selecting the material presented will help to learn art.

CPD: what's this?

What is DSP? This chip board obtained by the flat hot-pressing of dried chips, sawdust and wood chips with the addition of synthetic resins, are used as binder. As raw material is used to create chips, sawmill waste, wood and plywood production.

Compared with natural wood, chipboard deprived many lacks: voids, knots. This material has a uniform composition and equal to the entire area of ​​the stiffness. And the presence in the product of synthetic resins, such as phenol and formaldehyde, promotes reliable retention in its thicker fastener elements.

History of the creation of the Mother

The first prototype is created chipboard 1887, Ernest Hubbard building material from a mixture of sawdust and casein glue. Later in 1918, the material was lined with wood veneer. At this time, a scientist from Freudenberg of Germany patented material ideal formula where exactly calculated the ratio of sawdust and a binder, which should be no more than 3-10%. In 1935, the figure was revised, and the first plate was produced using a phenolic binder.

Next came moisture resistant chipboard, Which included paraffin present. In the USSR, the first plate was released in 1957, that was the beginning of the creation of a strong domestic production of chipboard to plywood factories.

Application area

Due to high strength, moisture resistance and ease of machining, the material very popular in the manufacture of furniture and door frames, for mounting interior partitions.

Based on the sound insulation and heat insulation properties of the material often used for particleboard floor. This material makes it possible to achieve a perfectly flat structure with insulation wooden or concrete floors, while at work costs will be minimal.

The main stages of production

Technological process of manufacturing of particleboard from different manufacturers may vary. This significantly affects the weight of the sheet particleboard, which depends on the wood variety, the pressing density and size of the finished product.

However, any production process of creating DSP consists of several stages, which will be discussed below.

Preparation of starting materials. The starting material is obtained from wood industry waste, which is crushed to a certain size.

Drying and mechanical selection. The raw material enters the drying chamber, where hot air flow vortex drying is performed, which reduces the moisture content to 6-7%. Further, the dried raw material is sent to a cyclic unit, where the selection of the correct particle size. They move to the next stage, and larger return to step regrind.

compound components. Wood drying is supplied to the mixer, where it connects with formaldehyde resins.

Creating forms. The pulp is poured onto the conveyor belt in a plurality of layers created by the cold press. Next, hot press connects all layers into a single workpiece. Then the plate is cooled and dried. Here there is a cut sheet in the set dimensions of the standard.

The application of the decorative coating. This step is used to create a laminate. The surface of the pre-aligned and carefully grind. Then, the sheet is placed on the back of a sulfate kraft paper and covered with paper and finishing. Under the influence of the press created laminated chipboard.

material composition

The uniformity and quality of the final product depends on the manufacturing equipment, which are made on the web, and the degree of preparation of the feedstock. For the production of low-value wood chipboard used hardwood and softwood, any construction wood waste, which is subject to certain geometric requirements.

Raw material must not resemble a fine dust and contain sawdust with square section, which degrade the material property to resist bending.

Construction chipboard

Particleboard can be composed of several layers. Depending on this, they are divided into single-layer, three-layer and multi-layered. Multilayer boards are the highest quality. Here in the inner layers of the material used in the larger chips, and external - small. There chipboard with a unique design - tamburat. Tamburat constructed as a "sandwich", wherein the top and bottom layer of different thickness are presented chipboard, and located in the middle cellular board.

Surface treatment

By the surface treatment method of chipboard material may be laminated and laminated.

Chipboard laminated sheet is obtained by coating the surface of decorative material of the protective layer under high temperature (140-210 ° C) and pressure (25-28 MPa).

To date, the use of laminated particle board is very popular. Using this material, you can create real masterpieces. Well-known manufacturers such as Kronospan Holding, clearly focused on the needs of consumers and produce chipboard in diverse colors. There are several groups that are assembled the overall color range of particle board:

• smooth monochrome (yellow, white, blue);
• monochrome texture (texture white, aluminum);
• wood pitch (beech, cherry, alder);
• imitation rare wood ( "measure", "Cordoba", "Oak Winchester");
• glossy tone;
• veneered tone;
• fancy decorations with patterns and drawings.

Useful advice! For the manufacture of the front part of the furniture should be used veneer, glossy and fancy colors.

What is KDSP? This kind of particle board, which is obtained by gluing of paper and resin film to the surface of particleboard using the adhesive composition. This is achieved at lower rates as compared to laminated chipboardTemperature (20-150 ° C) and pressure (5-7 MPa).

Compared with laminated chipboard, KDSP has a lower cost. However, despite the initial presentable it has a small lifetime.

Modern industry offers a chipboard with veneer laminates. These polymeric materials contain filler extending parallel layers (veneer, fabrics, paper). Such EAF will possess good indicators of ductility, mechanical strength, resistance to shock.

Countertops made of chipboard kitchen is run on such technology. Rating caused by high physical properties, a wide range of textures, which imitate natural and artificial materials, and also an affordable price.

Classification of building material

The quality of the surface of the chipboard material is divided into three classes.

grade 1. These materials exhibit a perfectly flat, smooth polished surface. There is not allowed the presence of even the most minor scratches, chips, undulations, projections, recesses, corners and edges crumbled. This sheet is processed in a special linear grinding installation.

This type of material used in the manufacture of furniture, as a cloth for subsequent application of veneers, lamination.

grade 2. This culling of the first-class finished material. On the surface may be present small scratches, chipped edges. However, the total percentage of defects depending on the dimensions of the sheet should not exceed 10%. Materials 2 varieties may vary in appearance outside. They can be with a conventional surface, fine-grained and coarse-grained outer layer. The material used for the construction and the manufacture of furniture.

grade 3: Nesortnoe canvas. This is an absolute marriage, which is clearly visible scratches, chips, cracks and other mechanical damages. Materials in this class can be used for formwork, the creation of the indoor walls. Those. in places that are hidden from human sight.

Note!There particleboard increased moisture resistance, which include paraffin for the manufacture of furniture for kitchens and bathrooms. These boards are cut to a greenish hue.

Cost chipboard sheet first grade material 2440h1830 mm size and 18 mm thickness would be about 800 rubles., respectively, of a square value of RUB 150 would cost.

Material 2 may be purchased grade considerably cheaper. Price per sheet chipboard 18 mm thick and 3500h1750 mm is within 120 rubles. per square meter.

Mark chipboard

For the production of chipboard manufacturers adhere to the standard, which regulates the two main brands of particleboard, different physical and mechanical properties.

Mark P-A: high quality product with improved flexural strength and tensile. In contrast, P-B, P-grade material A has a lower percentage of swelling is smaller percentage roughness plane buckling. Mark II-A is subjected to facing.

Qualitative material must possess certain physical and mechanical properties:

• Water absorption is 12-88%;
• humidity is within 6-10%;
• the percentage of swelling of thicker material for 24 hours should not exceed 5-30%;
• is the specific heat kJ 1.7-1.9;
• thermal conductivity in the range 0,07-0,25 W;
• the thickness of the material ranges from 10-38 mm.

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The degree of harmfulness of the material

DSP is a relatively harmless material, despite the fact that its composition contains a certain amount of formaldehyde.

MPC formaldehyde to the work area is 0.5 mg / m³, and modern technologies allow the production of particleboard bring the contents of this index to 0,02 mg / m³.

Also note that the timber, which is derived from contaminated areas, can allocate a larger amount of harmful substances than CPD.

By the number of content formaldehyde resins as part of DSP, the material is divided into two types:

1. E1 type is the most environmentally friendly. The content of harmful particles in the material is quite low. European countries are producing the most pure material.
2. Type E2. The content of formaldehyde resins in the material is much higher, so it is not recommended to be used to create furniture for children.

Which is better: Particleboard or MDF?

Scope of using DSP is very extensive. This material is used for furniture, wall coverings premises (laminated boards), repair and construction work. But DSP is not recommended for rooms with high humidity. The material has a high technical performance, thermal and sound insulating properties.

MDF, particleboard like, made of wood shavings and sawdust but more fines. However, bonding of the particles takes place using lengina or paraffin, which makes plate environmentally safe to use. Due to the presence of paraffin, MDF has increased moisture resistance. The material used for the manufacture of interior door units and structures, furniture parts, for assembly of partition walls. However it is recommended not to use as a floor plank MDF boards since vulnerable to mechanical stress.

Chipboard is a versatile building material that can be used in the manufacture of furniture, door panels, table tops, window sills, flooring planks. The material has high strength and rigidity. Opt for chipboard can get easy in handling building material for a reasonable price.