Wind turbines for private homes: specificity, the manufacture of the nuances

This article details the type of equipment such as a wind turbine for private Home: design features, its purpose and scope, the internal structure and classification. In the text you can find useful information that will help determine the choice of high quality windmill, average prices for popular kinds of equipment, as well as a detailed description of the technology manufacturing.

Wind turbines for private homes: the purpose and design features

Wind power for private homes are widely used as alternative sources of electric energy, allowing savings. Often, these devices are installed in suburban areas.

Most often they are used in remote from the main power grid zones. However, this is not the only reason to be in favor in order to buy a wind turbine for private homes. Most of the land owners are using these structures to achieve autonomy and efficiency.

Not every site is suitable for the installation of such devices, since not all conditions meet the requirements of the equipment. In particular this applies to the wind speed. To wind power plant able to function normally, the average wind velocity should be at least 4-4.5 m / s. Only in this case, design installation will be economically justified.

To find the average annual wind speed, you can use the card winds. It reflects the approximate data by region. More precise figures can be obtained using a special device - an anemometer, a device for reading his signals.

Note! An apparatus for measurement should be set very high, otherwise the trees and buildings will distort the result.

Function and structure of the wind generator

Wind generator - a special kind of equipment that converts the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy. It drives a rotor blade mounted on the generator. As a result, an alternating current is generated in the motor winding. The generated electric energy is stored in batteries, from which is supplied to appliances.

The above scheme of work is simplified. Of course, the wind turbine device is much more difficult. The energy chain is also present controller. Its function is to convert three-phase alternating current to direct current. Then he goes on to charge the battery.

Most of the home appliance is not able to be powered by direct current. Therefore, in the chain of your battery pack is installed inverter. It converts the direct current to alternating current whose voltage is 220V. All these operations are selected portion of the original energy - about 15-20%.

Makeup of the building can be carried out not only on wind power, but also from solar panels, as well as a petrol or diesel generator. If these elements are present in the chain, the scheme is supplemented by another component - a circuit breaker. When the main power source is switched off, it starts the backup.

Wind farm consists of the following components:

• rotor blades (depending on the characteristics of the model for wind turbine blades may be several, usually of 2 or 3, although there are variations multibladed);
• a gearbox or reducer, performing speed control between the generator and the rotor;
• the protective casing enclosing the details of construction of the negative influence of external factors;
• "Tail" structure provides rotation after the wind direction;
• funded, to maintain a certain reserve of energy battery;
• inverter unit that converts one type of current in the other.

What you can buy a wind power plant: equipment classification

There are several classifications, according to which the separation is carried out on groups of wind power stations:

1. In the direction of the rotational movement of the blades - horizontal and vertical windmills.
2. By the number of blades - double, triple and multibladed device.
3. According to the type of material used to manufacture the blades - with sail constructions and rigid blades.
4. According to the control method - windmill with fixed or variable pitch blades.

Useful advice! In most cases, experts recommend that owners of country houses to buy wind turbine with fixed pitch blades, adjustable device as too difficult to operate.

Wind power plant with a horizontal axis located perpendicularly with respect to the air flow. The design has a similar structure and operates on the same principle as a conventional vane. Wind turbines with a rotor generator has high efficiency, and they are available in the price. The operation of these devices is resistance to airflow.

Wind turbines having a vertical axis, orthogonal or wind generators have a compact design, however their price is much higher. Due to the special structure of this type of equipment is absolutely independent of wind direction. Turbine blades are of the form, which significantly reduces the load on the axial part. Buy a vertical wind turbine would be appropriate in those cases, if the wind in the area is constantly changing its direction.

Advantages and disadvantages of wind power for homes

As with any other type of equipment, wind power has both advantages and disadvantages. To decide on the purchase of this device, it is advisable to weigh its strengths and weaknesses.

Why buy a wind turbine (220) for the private house:

1. No extra cost, since it does not require fuel for operation of the device.
2. No need for constant monitoring. The design generates electricity by yourself every time the wind blows.
3. Relatively quiet and completely eco-friendly way of electricity production.
4. The apparatus can be used in virtually any climate.
5. Wear parts is minimal.

Installing a wind turbine for home accompanied by the following disadvantages:

• hardware costs recouped within 5-6 years;
• relatively small component efficiency that reflects on the power;
• the high price of wind turbines;
• to compensate for the omission of the device in the windless days, need additional equipment: generator and accumulator battery (the cost of these items is very high);
• in some modes of wind turbines emit infrasound for the house (the same happens if the installation of the equipment is made with errors);
• It requires regular maintenance work;
• Hurricane can seriously damage the equipment.

Useful advice! Be sure to calculate profitability before buying wind turbine for the home, the price of equipment may be too high, and the cost of its acquisition will not pay off. To do this, calculate the average power at home (electrical power of all recorded devices), to evaluate the area where the equipment and figure out what is the number of windy days will be installed in the year.

purchase of expediency: the price of wind turbines for private homes

The cost of wind turbines for private homes is quite high. Equipment purchase costs will be repaid only if the country has suitable conditions.

Installation of wind power is justified in the following cases:

• area corresponds to the requirements of the equipment;
• for the region in which the site is characterized by strong winds;
• not possible to use other alternative sources of electric energy.

In other cases, the cost of buying a wind turbine will not pay for the house. If the number of windy days per year is low, the device can be supplemented by solar panels or generators running on diesel or gasoline.

How to increase the profitability of a wind turbine for private home

Coastal areas and open areas in the highlands are ideal for the installation of wind equipment. In these regions, the wind speed is more than 60-70 m / s. Residents of these areas can be completely abandon the central power supply systems and move to the windmills. In the plains, the wind flows more evenly, but their strength is not enough to fully ensure the house electricity.

It is highly undesirable to install the equipment close to forests and crops. Trees will delay some of the energy, which will reduce the profitability of wind turbines. Power airflow increases as the distance from the ground. Hence, the higher the mast wind station, the greater momentum of the device can capture. On the other hand, excessively high design requires additional gain. Strong gusts of wind will make it easier to knock down it, than wind turbines with a mast that reaches 5-7 meters.

Experts recommend to install equipment at a height of 10-15 m from the ground. Attach a similar structure is possible in two ways:

1. By concrete foundations.
2. Using a metal brace.

To concrete foundation windmill need to dig four deep wells with a small diameter. They plunge extensions of the mast, after which they are filled with cement mortar. This process is relatively time-consuming and costly, but it is highly reliable. Even with strong gusts of wind mast will remain stationary. The only risk is to damage the blades.

Fixing the mast by means of stretch marks is to use a metal cable. He pulled up until the wind turbine will not strictly be arranged perpendicular to the surface of the earth. After that stretch the cable is securely fastened to the ground.

Important! Windmills with tall masts require grounding.

Which is better to buy a wind turbine for home: vendors and the cost

By choosing wind power should be approached thoroughly. The main criteria are the capacity of the equipment, type-axis (horizontal or vertical), as well as the manufacturer. Before buying you need to carefully examine the specifications and compare products from different manufacturers.

Prices of Russian production of wind turbines:

Manufacturer	Price, thousand. rub.
Wind Power company	30-300
Rkraft	65-908
Wind power	78-130
Peregrine-Energy	149-319
SRC-Vertical	204-600

Many of these organizations are engaged in the production of equipment for individual orders, as well as assist in the design and execution of calculations.

Prices for home wind turbines of foreign production is much higher. The minimum cost is 120 thousand units. rub. foreign companies products are of high quality thanks to the use in the production of high-tech equipment. However, the repair of such facilities will be expensive, and the purchase of spare parts can be accompanied by complications.

Advantages of wind turbine factory production:

• the opportunity to purchase the device is intact and even order his professional installation;
• an extensive selection of manufacturers and models with different characteristics;
• quality assurance;
• the ability to call a qualified technician to carry out repair work.

Given the high cost of plant equipment, many owners of suburban areas prefer the design, manufacture their own hands. For the manufacture of home-made wind turbine takes about 3000-5000 rubles. Most of this amount is spent on the purchase of high-quality battery that is capable of for a long time to hold a charge.

Related article:

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Advantages made with their own hands wind power:

• significant savings of funds;
• when you create a homemade windmill designer will know all the features of its structure;
• an opportunity to make basic parts and blades for wind turbine with their hands out of scrap materials.

Makeshift design, unlike wind power plant, fail more often.

Note! For the installation of the factory construction is better to call a specialist. Otherwise, any error in the installation process, will cause the loss of warranty.

How to make a windmill with your hands: the technology and recommendations

Operation improvised device at the site can cause indignation from neighbors. So before you make a wind generator with your own hands, you need to take care of the observance of several rules.

All individual buildings are imposed height restrictions. Installing a wind turbine with a tower height of 15 meters is prohibited, unless the following facilities are close by him:

• tunnels;
• bridges;
• airports.

Wind installation must not create radio interference. To prevent them, it is recommended to use special protection. Additionally should control the level of noise emitted by blades and to keep it in the normal range.

Materials needed for the manufacture of a vertical wind turbine with his own hands

A wind power plant with a vertical axis can be used to provide electrical energy built various household purposes or small garden house. Its power is enough to highlight the local area at night.

To create a wind turbine with his own hands from the car generator will need the following materials:

• battery at 12V (acidic or helium);
• capacious cylindrical tank made of aluminum or stainless steel (pan, bucket);
• motor generator (12V);
• voltmeter;
• Semi-hermetic-button switch (12V);
• motor relay battery charging or charge control lamps;
• converters (12-220V and 700-1500W);
• Wire section with a size 2.5 and 4 mm;
• Clamp for fixing the alternator on the mast (2 pcs.).

To perform the work required such instruments and devices, such as:

• Bulgarian (can be used on metal scissors);
• marker or pencil building;
• cutters and roulette;
• drill with a set of drill bits;
• screwdriver and set of keys.

The technology of manufacture of automotive wind turbine generator

As a base to be used a cylindrical container such as a bucket, an old pan or decoction. Using a pencil and tape measure, it is necessary to put on her layout that turned the division into 4 equal parts. According to markings made using the grinder cuts so as to obtain the vertical-blade plate. It is very important not dorezat metal to the end.

Note! If the container is made of painted sheet steel or galvanized, can not use the grinder for cutting, otherwise the metal will overheat. In this case, it is desirable to use a pair of scissors.

The pulley and the bottom of the tank should be provided with holes for the bolts. At this stage, the creation of a wind turbine for private houses with their own hands must be very carefully and gently to treat symmetry. Any inaccuracies in the placement of the holes will lead to an imbalance of structure during rotation.

The blades should bend, and they should not stick out too much. In so doing, it is necessary to take into account the direction of the rotational movement of the generator. Most often orient the wind turbine in a clockwise direction. The selected bend angle of the blades will depend upon the rotational speed and the contact area with air flow design.

Further on a pulley fixed capacitance with blades. The generator is mounted on the mast and then it is fixed by means of clamps. It will only have to connect all the wires and run the assembly chain. All cables are fixed on the mast of the wind turbine. To connect the storage battery to be used with the size of the wire cross-section of 4 mm. For this purpose it will be sufficient the interval 100 cm long. Connecting in household lighting devices and the network is carried out via the wires to the size of the cross section of 2.5 mm. For inverter or converter is required with a cross section of 4 mm wire.

How to make a wind generator of the washing machine

To create your own hands the wind turbine from the washing machine will require a list of the specific details. Some of them can be removed from the old household appliances, and the rest will have to buy.

wind turbine design will consist of the following elements:

• a reducer for correcting the rotational speed;
• rotor blades;
• a protective casing;
• the storage battery;
• a tail portion;
• inverter;
• Mast for fixing the generator.

Generator designs made from the electric motor of the washing machine. Its capacity should be at least 1.5 kW.

In addition to this need:

• sandpaper and glue composition;
• Neodymium magnets 5 and 12 mm (32 pcs.);
• epoxy resinsand or cold welding.

Neodymium magnets are mounted on the rotor. They can be purchased in many stationary and online stores. With the asynchronous motor rotor cores must be removed. Thereafter, these parts are cut partially. The depth of the cut should not exceed 2 mm. You can use the lathe. Further, the cores must perform grooves whose depth is equal to 5 mm.

In the next stage of manufacturing wind turbine for homes with their own hands are installing the magnets. To begin on a core mounted hard coat. Thereafter, at the appropriate places at an equal distance the magnets are placed. It is very important to keep your distance, or in the future, the magnets stick together, that the negative impact on the capacity of wind power. To fix these parts is better to use superglue. During operation, it is desirable to wear safety glasses, since the magnets in the process of bonding may bounce.

When magnets template is ready, it is placed on the rotor. The resulting gaps must be filled by a epoxy resin or cold welding. At the end of the rotor is gently squeezed in a vice, and its surface is treated with sand paper. Before starting the windmill should check all bearings and bolted joints for durability. Should not be used even partially worn parts, it is better to buy a new design for assembly.

To create the impeller is better to choose a light material with a high margin of safety. For these purposes fit fiberglass. As a result, the blades turn light and resistant to wear. Better mast made of steel pipes. The optimum size of the diameter is 32 mm.

With the assembly of the wind turbine can handle anyone with an idea of ​​how electrical circuits work. The main thing with this - attentive to detail and scrutinize all their activities. To exclude the possibility of errors, you can use visual videos, which details the entire process of production of parts and their further assembly.

How to make a wind turbine with his hands on 220V (4 kW): video