Manual hydraulic press: features tools

Modern shop must be equipped with a special device in the form of a hydraulic press. With such a tool carried dismantling car parts, construction and forms of auxiliary adjustment workpieces of metal, and a number of other technological operations. About how to choose a manual hydraulic press, the characteristic features of devices and areas of use can be found in this article.

What is a hydraulic press: the description of devices

The inventor of a hydraulic press is Joseph Bramah who patented his discovery in 1795. Initially, the device was used to obtain vegetable oil, squeezing the juice of grapes and baling hay. Today, such a special device is used for the treatment of metal components and workpieces, it performs processing of plastic, plywood and rubber.

A device often used in garages for bending and compression of materials, pressing and Extrusion bearings, when the overhaul of gearboxes, suspension, power plant car. When using the device does not require considerable effort.

The composition includes a press frame to the frame, two hydraulic cylinders which differ in diameter, the hydraulic pump and pressure gauge. Both cylinders are interconnected. Inside each of them contains a special mineral oil. In appearance resembles a jack device that works on laws of hydraulics.

Important!Frame hydraulic press must be made of thick steel, which has a positive influence on the threshold value of the maximum load.

Control force required for machining is carried out manometer. Availability of test equipment allows you to adjust the power load, which is essential for high-power tool.

Hydraulic may be manual, or containing pneumohydraulic actuator. Manual device develops a force of up to 20 tons. It is mainly used in small workshops and garages. The composition of fluid products include hydraulic power and pneumatic cylinder. Developing a hydraulic press force of 40 tons. Models with electric drive are used in production. The maximum force is possible for such hydraulic presses 100 tons.

The design of the manual hydraulic press

Hydraulic press for metal consists of the following elements. To discharge the working fluid to the hydraulic cylinder is used capacity. Safe operation of the device is ensured thanks to the shut-off valve and the discharge valve. A drive mechanism in the special lever that performs fluid flow in the hydraulic cylinder chamber. This is done as a result of movement of the piston, the piston rod which makes an effort to have an impact on the executive body of the device.

A distinctive feature is the use of the hand press a lever mechanism through which the rod can be set in a predetermined position depending on the nature of the manufacturing operation. For presses having a large capacity is installed treadle.

As used herein actuator manual hydraulic pump, which carries out the reciprocating movement of the working element of the device. It consists of a housing, the handle and the container for the liquid. The hydraulic cylinder may be a piston or plunger that depends on the hydraulic fluid to the press. If the aqueous emulsion is applied, then this is the first type device. For viscous mineral oil needs piston cylinder of a hydraulic press.

Important! Manual hydraulic press can be used for parts that are located in remote places designs.

The operating principle of the hydraulic press

Next, consider how the hydraulic press. The principle of operation is Pascal's law which determines that the pressure can be transmitted without changing in any point of the fluid. When exposed to forces the piston are transmitted through the working fluid container with a smaller diameter to a cylinder with a large cross section. This increases the applied force as many times as the larger piston area of ​​the vessel is greater than the area of ​​the smaller cylinder.

The pressure in the cylinders having different cross-section depends on the surface area of ​​the piston and the applied force. If we apply a small force to a small cylinder, will be able to obtain considerable resistance on the part of a larger vessel. For best results, a smaller piston must move a greater distance.

The operating principle of the hydraulic press can be compared with the operation of the mechanical arm. Transmitted over his shoulder force is increased in proportion to the ratio of the arm lengths (large and small). In such lever devices of hydraulic fluid acts. The applied force will be increased in proportion to the areas of working cylinders surfaces.

Characteristic features of operation of hydraulic presses

Manual hydraulic press for metal is characterized by a number of advantages. With the help of this device you can carry out operations of varying complexity, doing them quickly and accurately. This is due to high fluid pressure, which enables precise change in shape preforms recreating complex product configuration.

The composition of the structure does not include the device for protecting against overloads, which simplifies the work tool and contributes to its low cost. When operating the device it is possible to perform fine adjustment of the operating force and save the selected parameter for a long time. On the pressure does not affect the position of the movable working table. Hydraulic system lets you change the parameters of length and height of the stroke.

How does the news and why is it needed? With the manual device can perform assembly and disassembly of elements of bearing assemblies, shafts, bushings. The device makes it possible to perform calibration and stamping metal parts. Manual hydraulic press is used to adjust and change the configuration of metal products. Device is a versatile tool that can not only be used in garages, but also operated in repair shops, garages and home workshops.

The machine may operate in various conditions. In contrast to stationary devices, which has impressive dimensions, this tool does not take a lot of space, which saves space and eliminates the need for heavy construction base.

Independent use is characterized by maximum safety, simplicity and ease of use, helping to reduce labor costs. Hydraulic press is democratic value, which is reinforced by a prolonged period of operation.

The disadvantages include a small hydraulic press speed of the working surface. Eliminate this error is impossible. This may cause hydraulic impact upon contact of the working surface and details that will lead to device failure.

Manual hydraulic press: equipment classification

Manual hydraulic press can be classified by a number of parameters. Based on the direction of movement of the working rod isolated pattern in which the active element can move up or down. Most modern devices are equipped with a rod that moves down.

Depending on the size of the hydraulic press release floor and table type device. Such tools are also used different methods of influence on a mechanism to ensure that operation of the device. Manual hydraulic press is driven by a manual pump, which in some models can be replaced with an electric hydraulic pump that increases productivity equipment. Floor tool is more impressive dimensions and is actuated by means of a foot button.

Based on the type of construction, manual hydraulic press machine can be horizontal or vertical. Devices differ in the direction of movement of the pressing plate. It can move horizontally or vertically.

Horizontal hydraulic press brake used for bending, cutting and straightening metal parts. Vertical hydraulic press used for pressing and breakup elements.

Useful advice! Horizontal manual hydraulic press can be used for recycling - baling waste paper, cardboard packaging, textiles, plastic bottles, feathers, fluff and other elements.

Advanced functionality facilitated by the presence of various attachments for the stock, which are part of a complete set of modern models of manually operated presses. The equipment has good degree of mobility. Floor and table fixtures are equipped with special wheels that allow effortless moving tool parts to a location for processing.

What to buy a hydraulic press: table or floor

Choosing a floor or table type of device, you should first decide what is needed press.

Underfloor device imposing different sizes. The tool is located on the floor. It is used for the treatment of overall parts. Floor type hydraulic press often choose large service stations that have car repair is the main activity. By this arrangement, it increased productivity of manufacturing processes. In addition, the presence of a hydraulic press enhances the list of provided services.

Useful advice! To quickly perform processes that require high power, for service stations better to buy a hydraulic press with electric drive.

Floor hydraulic presses are selected based on the characteristics and design parameters of the hydraulic cylinder, where it is installed. Another important factor is the maximum force that the tool can have on the workpiece. This criterion varies within 5-20 m. Effective work floor press depends on the distance which overcomes rod acting on the workpiece.

Important!When selecting a hydraulic press should examine the technical parameters of the tool, which are displayed in the passport equipment.

Characteristic features of the desktop of a hydraulic press for the garage

Table press is more stable. It is characterized by an expanded range of adjustment of the desktop. This makes it possible to process parts of different sizes.

Table hydraulic press is often chosen for the home workshop or garage. The maximum level of the device carrying capacity reaches 12 tons. This tool is characterized by small size and weight, making it easy to use. It can be mounted on a workbench, which will save the usable area.

When selecting a device to be guided by the size and weight of the device, the type and characteristics of the work platform, which is different to different types and dimensions. The structure may be provided with grooves for the mounting of additional elements. An important question is how much the press. Outdoor tool can be purchased for 30 thousand. rub. Price bench type hydraulic press is 10-20 thousand on average. rub.

Some models have the ability to displace the press on the frame relative to the rod. In completing the instrument damping elements may be included. They are necessary to compensate for the excessive pressure exerted on the structure.

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When selecting a hydraulic press of any type should also take into account the thickness and material of manufacture of the base plate device where the item is set in the course of its processing.

Basic rules of operation of the hydraulic hand press

Determine why you need the press, you can buy your favorite model. However, for efficiency and durability of the device is necessary to adhere to certain rules of operation of the device. The first focuses on the correct installation of the instrument. All the necessary information on the matter described in the accompanying document to the device, which is given by the manufacturer.

Consider the basic recommendations that should be followed to avoid frequent breakdowns press and the need to carry out repairs. Before each use, and in operation requires to carry out checking fluid level in the cylinders. By filling the pressure vessel will depend on the value that is able to create a hydraulic cylinder. It is necessary to regularly lubricate the friction elements and movable structures.

Periodically carried out checking the status of the O-rings. Over time, these elements lose their elasticity. Before starting work, check the reliability of fixing parts to be treated.

In the operation of industrial presses may malfunction. Information about the possible causes of their occurrence and elimination rules contained in the instructions to the instrument.

Another area of ​​activity of press: Hydraulic press for cable lugs

The hydraulic press is widely used for crimping ferrules for high-voltage lines. By means of the device is performed a process of mechanical crimping compound, which after treatment will have a greater strength, good conduct electric current without overheating, which reduces the likelihood of damage to the contacts and the emergence of accidents.

Manual hydraulic press for tips designed to work with cable cross-sections 5-400 mm². When selecting a tool to consider some device settings. The press must have a pressure relief valve. Such devices are more reliable because they prevent exceeding the permissible pressure.

Another important criterion is the variation of the pressing head, which can be open or closed. A first embodiment provides a more convenient and easy to operate for any cable length. To work with closed-type pressure you must first open the lock, get the matrix, insert the wire and the tip, close the device. Only after such manipulations performed crimping cable.

When selecting a hydraulic press is important to take into account the diameter of the working section of the cable. Depending on this, all instrument models can be divided into types. Kind of PG-70 is used for wire sizes 4-70 mm². PG-120 type for cable diameter 10-120 mm² PWG-240 - 16-240 mm². Hydraulic Press CDP-300 is capable of working with a cable cross-section 16-300 mm². Model PG-1000 is intended for wires with a diameter of 400-1000 mm².

All models of the tool can operate with the wires of copper or aluminum. Many modern devices have a mechanism for high speed and rotating heads. Very popular manual hydraulic press KW domestic producers. This value is associated with a democratic tool and its high quality.

Important! The set of hydraulic press of the ITC consists of eight interchangeable dies for crimping.

From what we can make hydraulic press machine

The most popular device for the production of hydraulic press is a jack, whose actions are based on the principle of hydraulics work. According to the laws of physics, fluid therein under pressure does not reduce its volume. Therefore, when exposed to the workpiece power loss is not observed. In addition, the jack is characterized by high efficiency, through which you can count on a substantial compressive force.

For the manufacture of home-made devices can use the scheme of the hydraulic press of the jack, which can be found on the Internet. In the first step, a frame construction of profiled steel pipes, metal angles and plates. Between the thrust plate and the platform is set jack, being necessary to the retracted position when the rod tip is inside the lock. base of the tool attached to the movable abutment by means of bolts.

For pressing metal blanks the product is placed on the platform, the jack is raised under the action of his arm. Thus there is a pressing process. It is important to know how to lower the hydraulic jack that needs to be done at the end of work. To do this, the tool is equipped with a bypass valve. It is a circular head with protruding shoulders. It is necessary to weaken as a result of which the device is lowered.

The jack also has a shut-off valve, which in the closed state pumps the oil in the piston. Normal operation of the device indicates a sufficient amount of fluid in the system. If the instrument began to work slowly or stopped completely, it means that there was little working fluid. You need to know how to fill the oil in the hydraulic jack. For this purpose there is a special filler plug on the device, which must be unscrewed. Further there is a tank filled to the desired volume. After the procedure is done pumping jack.

Manual hydraulic press is a multifunctional equipment, which is widely used in car repair. It is an indispensable tool for the home workshop. When a device is important to decide on the scope of its use. For domestic purposes it is sufficient device designed to force up to 20 tons, and for large service stations is needed hydraulic press 50 tons. You can save money, having made with his own hands from the press ram.

How to pump a hydraulic jack: video instruction