Winterizing facade of the house from the outside: the choice of material and technology

During construction of the house should consider a façade, which will improve the microclimate in the house and carrying boxes will be well protected from external forces. If a building is built of lightweight materials freezing, then perform a facade insulation outside the house - a mandatory task, reduces the cost of heating, especially in winter. In the summer of correctly chosen insulation will prevent the intense heat the air inside the housing.

Why is it recommended to conduct house warming outside

According to the sanitary norms and rules SP 23-101-2004, wall insulation should be carried out precisely with the outer part of the building, although the specific ban on the performance of internal work there. Moreover, in some cases, produce facade work impossible. For example, if the building is on the list of houses and architecture bureau responsible for it does not give permission to work if the facade is elaborately decorated design.

Helpful information! If it was decided to carry out insulation of the facade of the building, create a continuous vapor-permeable layer in the room. Otherwise, if it enters the warm air heater, and then a cold wall condensate will be formed, which causes the occurrence of mold and fungus proliferate.

Given the chance, most owners prefer to use an outside wall insulation. First, it does not take away useful floor area, secondly, the frame of the building is securely protected from adverse weather conditions. Other functions that are performed externally insulation of facades, include:

1. Attractive appearance of the building, even after the construction of the box, it was not very aesthetic appearance.
2. Creating a special microclimate inside the house due to the fact that properly made warming will play the role of a thermos, where winter does not penetrate into the cold, and in summer - the heat.
3. Extending the life of the carrier box. The frame, which is not subject to continuous wetting / drying, will last considerably longer.
4. Elimination of the so-called cold bridges, which inevitably arise in violation of the rules of construction of the walls or the wrong choice of construction material.
5. Providing reliable soundproofing. An additional layer on the facade do not miss the extra noise indoors.
6. Prevention of condensation in the insulating layer.
7. A simple solution for sealing joints in the situation when the house is made of panels.

Before you insulate the facade of the house, you need to know about the shortcomings of the external insulation. The main disadvantage can be considered not only the costs for the purchase of material, but also on the order of high-altitude work, when it comes to high-rise building. In a private house for the correct installation will have to acquire a good "goat", a ladder or scaffolding, if the building has more than one floor.

How to perform insulation of the facade at home

If you do not insulate the facade, the building will be constantly exposed to extremes of temperature, which is not a positive impact on its frame. The presence of the facade insulation also prevents other problems such as:

• destruction of inter-panel joints;
• crack basic building material, caused by frost / warming up, especially if the frame is made of foam blocks;
• changes to the support properties of the walls due to wear.

In addition, insulate the house from the outside, will improve its thermal insulation properties, which help to reduce heating costs and improve the comfort of life of home owners. Before you insulate the facade of the house, you need to select the correct thermal insulator, which use will be economically and practically justified.

Based on the regulations, which is carried out insulation of facades of private houses, stand two- and three-layer insulating structure. In this case, often the top layer of plaster is not considered an independent entity, although some insulating properties he still different. If we talk about the three-layer walls, there is a third layer acts as a structural material.

Helpful information! In addition to dividing by the number of layers, insulation of facades also classified according to the ventilated and unventilated interlayer.

According to regulatory documents, indicating what to insulate the house from the outside, it recommends the use of these types of materials, depending on the type of box:

1. Houses of brick or concrete, having a flexible connection, as well as the building of expanded clay, are allowed in any one coat of insulation.
2. Buildings made of wood protected by walling with two- and three-layer walls, separated by a ventilated air layer.
3. Frame walls with a shell of a thin sheet is required sandwich wall with a layer of insulation in the middle, which is surrounded by a ventilated or unventilated layer.
4. Bearing walls of aerated concrete is also necessary to have a ventilated and non-ventilated layers. Top dressing is performed brick veneer.

When it is better to carry out insulation of the facade outside home

Before you insulate the house, you need to know that to start any facade work is possible only after the rest of the construction and repair works are completed, these include:

• installation of a roof;
• execution of external waterproofing of the foundation;
• installation of window and door openings;
• fixing the ventilation system and other utilities.

Many experts argue that the conduct thermal insulation of facades of buildings need only after the house will take full shrinkage and completely dry after the construction. Otherwise there is a high probability that the finished facade is covered with cracks and lose a neat appearance.

Before you insulate the house, make sure that is not expected of a strong heat or frost. It is best to wait until the afternoon to keep the temperature constant positive. The optimum time is considered to be late spring or early autumn when the temperature is between +5 and +25 degrees. Many recommend that before starting the facade insulation finish all the inner workings of which are accompanied by the release of condensate, such as the organization of the screed floor and shading.

Starting from the outside insulation of the facade of wooden houses or buildings of any other material should be after a careful examination of the entire surface. If there is no experience of the construction work, it is better to entrust this task a specialist who will perform Mandatory testing and check the surface of the external walls of the adhesion of adhesive to be used for installation insulation. As a result of this work will clear the bearing capacity of the walls, as well as the maximum load that will arise as a result of mounting will be calculated.

Useful advice! In addition, it is important to choose the right material for mounting on a wall, it is also necessary to sustain insulation technology facade, to prevent occurrence of so-called cold bridges, resulting in the insulation may break or exfoliate.

It is important not only to fulfill the insulation, but also choose a modern and high-quality insulation that is most appropriate for a particular building. Insulation must not only steam and water-permeable, but heat resistant and to avoid accidental ignition and rapid combustion. It is best if the material is environmentally friendly, and load-bearing walls are protected against the penetration of fungi and other Microorganisms which can destroy the frame, especially if it is made of natural building materials.

The better to warm the house, how to choose the right material

When buying heaters for the facade is necessary to ensure that they are components of a single system. Sometimes, when you purchase need professional help, because the materials are not always sold as one unit, but must be matched by characteristics such as:

• water vapor permeability;
• frost;
• thermal expansion.

Also, when choosing to consider and chemical processes that occur in a single system. Materials for insulation performance should be chosen not only based on the type of frame. In this case, you must make allowances for the climatic characteristics of the region, the architectural features and the technical purpose of the building.

When the outside insulation of house facade foam or other material to be observed circuit continuity. On the facade there should not be any cracks, gaps or cracks through which in the frame will get moisture or frost. And also important to observe the water vapor transmission rate of the system. There is considered the main rule is that each successive layer inside-out must have a higher degree of vapor permeability. This is done so that the walls can "breathe" and prevents condensation on the surface.

facade insulation cost will depend on what is selected for this material. are considered the most common are:

1. Mineral wool (mineral wool). It refers to a group of fibrous insulation. Most often made of glass or basalt fiber.
2. Ecowool. Modern insulating material based on cellulose.
3. Group of polymeric insulators. Polyurethane foam, polyurethane, polystyrene.
4. Loose radiators - expanded clay, vermiculite.
5. Natural traditional materials - dry leaves, reeds, straw, sawdust, pine needles, which can be used together with clay.

How to determine the thickness of insulation material in the outer walls

Another key question - to determine the coefficient of heat transfer through the walls, which depends on the choice of the particular heat insulating material. Theoretically, the thickness of the insulating material, the lower the ratio, and therefore, the better. In this case, it should be emphasized that the degree of insulation of mineral wool or polystyrene does not depend only on their thickness (although it is, of course, is important), but also by thermal conductivity. The indicator is also more favorable, if its value is lower.

Insulation plate with a low coefficient of lesser thickness may vary, while maintaining a good thermal conductivity. This is important because the thinner the insulation, the less will be the deepening of window and door openings.

Useful advice! Studies suggest that after exceeding a certain minimum insulation thickness observed improvement heat-insulating properties of the walls, which is quite disproportionate cost of each additional centimeter isolation. The thinnest insulation will be made of expensive, but ideally the insulation polyurethane PIR, proposed in the form of panels. Therefore it is not always "thicker" means "better."

Every house is different, so the choice of insulation thickness takes into account not only climatic features, but and heat capacity of the floor covering, the specific thermal insulation of the roof and basement, as well as the glass area houses.

Related article:

Warming of the wooden house from the outside: the choice of material and technology

What materials are used for this purpose. Do I need to insulate the foundation. The best modern technology insulation of wooden houses.

To date, the choice of insulation material has to choose between three standard thickness (in inches):

• 50;
• 100;
• 150.

Calculate the layer thickness is easy. For this it is necessary to calculate the initial wall thickness and to estimate how much is missing to normal, and then calculate what thickness should be facing layer. In addition to the thickness of the insulation, it is necessary to take into account other criteria:

• plaster layer;
• exterior finish;
• air space.

Materials for thermal insulation of the facade of the house from the outside: penoplex, foam

Thermal insulation of facade foam polystyrene is considered to be effective due to the closed cell structure of the material. 98% heat insulator is air or inert gases, which fill the tightly closed cells, and that provides light weight sheets. The foam is not susceptible to moisture absorption, and hence, it can be effectively used for the facade, as well as for insulation of the foundation, plinth and constantly wet basement. The material is ideal for insulation facade house outside plaster. The advantages of using expanded polystyrene:

1. Due to the low weight of the insulating material will not have a big load. This means that it can be used in the repair of the old facade of the house, not while carrying out any work on strengthening the foundation.
2. The sheets are easy to install, allowing you to perform insulation facade house outside polystyrene foam with your hands, even a novice in the construction business. In operation, the material is not required to use protective equipment - gloves, a respirator, because the process is accompanied by the release of toxic substances, or fine particles.
3. Synthetic components of which the sheets of insulation are not affected by multiplication of microorganisms, however any material not terrible fungus or mold.
4. Shelf-life of the material is up to 50 years, especially if you follow the installation technique. Insulation shows good stability as compared to saline solutions and chlorides, and also does not alter the structure under the influence of alkali.

The disadvantages of foam insulation facade houses are considered a low water vapor permeability of the sheet and exposure to degradation when exposed to direct sunlight. In addition, it is worth noting the low sound insulation performance, as well as the fact that when heated above 30 degrees material begins to release formaldehyde, styrene, and other toxic substances, the number of which increases with burning.

Important! Not recommended to perform the foam insulation of the facade of a wooden house, because when in contact with the varnish or lacquer sheet structure begins to crumble. It should be noted that the foam (penoplex), as well as the tree refers to combustible materials, so you should not combine them on the same facade.

The main advantages of using Penoplex

Extruded polystyrene, or penoplex, is produced in a similar way. Unlike the foam is observed minimal gas content, whereby the sheets are thinner, more dense, slightly harder, but more durable. Before you carry out insulation of the facade Penoplex, it is necessary to distinguish between species:

1. Plates, labeled labeled 31, are used for thermal insulation of facades and roof insulation.
2. Penoplex-35 is most commonly used in construction. In addition to the facade, it is placed in a heater layer for floor covering.
3. Sheets 45 are suitable for thermal insulation of the roof, even if it is under load. Due to the high cost of rarely used in construction.

At warming your hands on the outside facade of the house Penoplex apply such variations of material:

1. "Foundation". Great for those parts of the house that are under the earth - a basement or cellar.
2. "Roof". The high density of the material can be used for thermal insulation of any roofs.
3. "Wall". Material specifically designed for external application and is stable to weathering.
4. "Comfort". Suitable for use in all conditions, even at high humidity.

It is important to note that both polystyrene and foam exposed to rodents that gnaw like granules. Therefore, you should regularly carry out the processing of pests.

Features facade mineral wool insulation

polystyrene popularity is due to its low purchase price, easy workability and the possibility of very fast gluing. However, the facade insulation outside the house with mineral wool plaster comes to the fore. Material used for decoration, not only commercial, but also high-rise and public buildings. According to the updated standard, wool required for use in the construction of buildings taller than 20 meters.

In addition, the facade insulation outside the house with mineral wool provides excellent sound insulation. Therefore, the material can be used for thermal insulation of houses on busy streets. In conjunction with the special sheets of gypsum boards of mineral wool may be used for construction of partitions, when required to achieve good acoustics.

Advantages of thermal insulation of the facade of an apartment building on the outside with mineral wool:

1. The material, due to the low diffusion resistance, has excellent water vapor permeability and prevents the formation of mold.
2. When used properly, the mineral wool has a virtually unlimited service life, so it is an excellent choice for thermal insulation of buildings.
3. High fire resistance. If this high-rise building, wool insulation must always be used, starting from the seventh floor. On the lower floors are inserted strips of mineral wool next to the windows and the roof, in the event of a fire to prevent the spread of fire.

The material is impregnated with chemistry, therefore, does not absorb moisture, so that it is not afraid of corrosion or decay. And also thanks to the ease and flexibility of form can be filled with cotton wool even the smallest cracks and bends. Disadvantages facade insulation cotton wool:

• high weight, which causes difficulty in installation;
• the price of the insulation will be about a third higher than when using polystyrene, the cost of insulation of walls on the outside for 1 square. m starts from 1900 rubles.

Useful advice! Before fitting wool gets wet, you need to give it time to dry. If the sheets are strongly watered, it is better not to use them because they will not provide the proper performance after installation.

Varieties of material used for the insulating walls

There are two main types of materials used in the production of wool - glass and mineral. Glass wool is produced by pulping with the addition of other ingredients. Mineral wool is obtained by melting of rocks, also called rock or basalt. Glass wool is non-combustible, vapor-permeable and flexible, suitable for all unloaded, non-slip structures, such as the sloping walls, various cavities and gaps, even ceilings.

Stone wool for the façade insulation use a little more complex due to the fact that it is harder and less elastic glass, but the material provides an ideal thermal insulation of the outer cladding of the building. Any facade wool should always be adhered to the dry and solid basis.

When mineral wool façade insulation using such kinds of material:

1. The transverse orientation of the fibers. Suitable for façade systems for which will apply heavier tiles. The material has a high tensile strength.
2. The longitudinal orientation of the fibers. Designed for application on the exterior walls and the contact insulation system.

Due to the good characteristics and low flammability wool may be used together with any material. Popular perform facade insulation outside the house with mineral wool underneath the siding, in this case, will be able to receive and heat-effective and beautiful home.

As used in the insulation and heat insulation panel foambloc

Foam block is made in the form of tiles that are placed on the principle of the brickwork, to eliminate the occurrence of cold bridges. Penoblok glued directly to the supporting wall, and adhesive mixture serves the additional moisture barrier.

dowels, umbrellas additionally used for better grip. Aerocrete foamed and have a low weight, which facilitates installation. Due to the fact that the manufacture of the concrete mix foamed material can freeze and lose strength. Therefore it is best to use a trim, do not absorb moisture. Perform foam block insulation of the facade plaster is not recommended.

Decorative panels are set consisting of a heater and a decorative layer. The basis of the foam panels (penoplex) acts as decorative layer plaster or brickwork. Mounted by means of a special adhesive solution. The main advantage - the speed and ease of installation.

In this case you do not have to perform additional insulation façade plaster, because the decorative layer is applied beforehand in the factory. The panels look attractive and well retain heat. The only drawback is considered to be peeling the sheet from the surface, especially if you use the wrong glue. If you apply for a better grip umbrellas, anchors, it will spoil the appearance of the facade. The cost of the panels is about 3,000 rubles. / M², excluding installation.

Basic technologies of warming of facades of private houses

In general, there are two ways of thermal insulation of external walls:

1. Dry. This includes options such as precast and curtain walls. The technique involves the use of the assembly, which is made of prefabricated elements interconnected by a dry method.
2. Wet. This stacking technology involves the use of water-soluble materials, which include glue, plaster and other solutions.

Provided are also several systems of facades:

1. Ventilated. In that case is additionally required to perform a layer, placing it between the facing material and the outer layer of insulation. For this installed a metal or wooden crate. Insulation of the facade siding is carried out only after the installation batten.
2. Unventilated. Here, the insulating layer is an integrated system which does not provide for the presence of the air gap.

When creating applied sequentially wet facade insulating, adhesive, protective and decorative layers which form a single wall thickness array. Key recommendations:

1. It is necessary to choose the right materials for density: for mineral wool - 150-180 kg / m² for foam - 35. water absorption ratio should not exceed 1.5%.
2. Used adhesive mixture, intended only for the exterior, further, the sheets are secured by dowels umbrellas.
3. Required the presence of the reinforcing layer, which is applied to glass cloth mesh treated antischelochnym solution stacking overlapped.
4. When a large area of ​​the facade on the square every 24 should consider the presence of the expansion joint.

Facing the facade of the wet method using foam plates will cost 1000 rubles per square.

The most popular facade insulation system is considered to be mounted Ventfasad, the essence of which is available through an air layer between the facade and insulation. Ventilated layer prevents the penetration of moisture and air flow in the implement frame is well cooled wall in the hottest period of the year, even in direct sunlight.

For hinged facade is acceptable to use the same types of heaters that when the wet facade, but not as durable materials can be purchased. This is due to the fact that in this case they will not work hard facing layer, because it is mounted on a frame mounted on the main part of the outer wall.

Useful advice! When using the blown insulation, such as mineral wool, it should be covered with a diffusion membrane, which protects the insulation against wind and moisture but permeable to water vapor.

Facade insulation under the siding dry method is one of the popular choices. Frame for lining can be made of metal or wooden battens. If this is used the tree, it should be pre-treated protivokleschevye and fire blends. Step batten should be chosen to 2-3 cm less than the width of the sheet heater. The size of the air gap between the facing material and insulation should range from 60 to 150 mm.

Rates to perform ventfasada will depend mainly on the carcass-type cladding. If you are using metal assembled structure, costs about 2000 rubles per square meter. m, in the case of wooden crates - 1000 rubles.

Winterizing facade of the house from the outside - it's a good investment, which will not only significantly heating costs during the cold season, but also save on air-conditioning on a hot period. Proper insulation will create an ideal microclimate in the house and provide reliable protection of the bearing structure. Main-regularly pick up the material and stick laying technology.