Well water with his own hands: effective drilling techniques

The presence of wells in the country site, is often a prerequisite for creating comfort. Many people prefer to have an independent source, even in the presence of centralized water supply. The lack of such a need is to extract water from the subsoil. The level of modern technology has significantly expanded drilling opportunities. But the well water with their hands remains a reality and an inexpensive way to provide it.

Wells with their own hands: Possible types

Provision of water - the primary task in the regeneration of any premises. To date, there are several methods of water extraction:

• well;
• Abyssinian well:
• sand well;

• artesian well.

Construction of the well - a time-consuming process, so costly.

The disadvantage of it is also the fact that the water is drawn from the upper layers, which creates a greater likelihood of contamination of both external and entering through the upper soil layers. The amount of water is limited, the average flow rate is 0.5 cube per hour. Well requires constant cleaning and maintenance, all of these processes are carried out manually.

The well - more modern, reliable, durable and affordable way of getting water. Drill a hole in the water can be in any plot. Depending on the depth of the aquifer is selected form the structure: Abyssinian well, sand or borehole. If the aquifer is located at a depth of 12 m, drilled Abyssinian well. If this figure is 50 m, the water may be produced using the sand well. Artesian required if water is present at a depth of 200 m.

Abyssinian well has a small diameter, it does not reach the surface dirt and dust. A cheap and reliable option with a moderate amount of water used. Sand well has an average flow rate of 1.5 per hour cube. This view, the filter, ie, to put sand aquifer filter from polymers or non-corrosive metal. Besfiltrovaya borehole, pure water is supplied, without impurities. The flow rate is from 5 to 100 cubic meters per hour.

Scheme principle works well in water (sandy type) gives a visual representation of its internal structure.

The choice of the well - the process is very important and crucial.

Useful advice!If there is no information about the depth of the water layer of bedding, determine the type well is not worth without prior intelligence. This can lead to unplanned additional costs and unexpectedly low production rate.

The main waysdrilling holes under water

Drilling well their hands are real and available, if there is the necessary hydrogeological information. Choosing a way to drill a hole into the water, it should be right to determine the place to install it. Next should not be a drain, the drain holes and other communications that can pollute the water. It is also necessary to take into account the distance from the property, which is planned to supply water.

Species drilling manually, using a variety of mechanisms, devices, complex equipment enough from the simplest to gidrobureniya clogging.

Ways drilling water wells vary depending on the breed being destroyed by a technology. There drilling:

• shock;
• rotation;
• mixed type.

auger drilling

This method is used for sand or wells. Typically, auger drilling water wells produced in a relatively soft, loose or frozen ground. Screw - a pipe, entwined metal tape. By rotating the helical unit deepens, issuing on the surface of a selected ground. Often, when the technology of the screw-propeller falls casing that seals the wall and does not give ground to crumble. This method has several advantages:

• good speed;
• no need to wash;
• sealed borehole wall.

If auger drilling is conducted on an area with soft or loose soil, the chisel blade should be positioned at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the face. If drilling is performed by this method on the denser deposits based gravel and pebbles, the blades should be at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the face. Determine the angle of the conduct of the work required, depending on the hardness of the soil, which is supposed to work.

The depth of the auger drilling carried out on the size of a single rod, which then rises to the top and build additional pole. Thereafter, drilling can be continued. The diameter of the screw hole is from 6 to 80 cm.

Rotary drilling method

Rotary drilling methods relates to rotational: a rotor disposed on the surface, resulting in movement of the chisel, lowered into the well. Chisel further heavier ( "loaded") tubes to increase the degree of crushing the soil.

Using this technology, you can destroy almost any hardness of the rock. This is an expensive method used for artesian wells.

In rotary drilling is required is flushed. Through this process, the waste rock is removed quickly, with a well kept clean, enabling easy insert cased.

Flushing is of two types: direct and inverse. Direct flushing is performed mud which quickly removes waste rock and strengthens the wall so as clay eliminates clogging of the formation. Backwash water is used for cleaning slag from the annulus.

Advantages of rotary drilling:

• capacity of the equipment used, allowing to break rocks of any hardness;
• durability of the drilled hole (wall strength);
• to carry out drilling in a limited area due to the small size of the rig.

The disadvantages of this technology can be regarded as the complexity of operation at sub-zero temperatures and low drilling rate.

Useful advice! If the site is used the rotary method, it should be borne in mind that backwashing promotes fuller opening of the aquifer and to increase well production.

Hand drilling under water

Drilling of the well by hand only for the unprepared person may seem very complex process, requiring great physical strength. Under certain knowledge and training to make the drill hole with their hands and actually feasible. Depending on the ground water table conditions, you can use several methods of self-drilling.

percussion

This method is the simplest set-hole needle - Abyssinian well. This method is actively used by home handymen, punching a hole in the water in the country. Construction "rig" represents a trunk consisting of pipe sections, and the tip that cuts the soil strata. Hammer serves weighty Baba, which is raised and lowered by means of ropes: pulling peculiar hammer lying on top of the structure, when weakening falls on podbabok - device of clamps disposed symmetrically. After entering the barrel into the ground it is built up a new segment, podbabok already attached to a new part, and plugging is continued until until the tip enters into the aquifer at the 2/3 layer.

Trunk-pipe serves as a hole for the outlet of water on the surface.

Important! Abyssinian well lifts the uppermost water-bearing layer, which contains a lot of impurities. Use water from such wells only for technical purposes. As drinking it is suitable only after deep cleaning.

The advantage of this well is that it can be drilled in the basement or in another room. It is convenient for use. Attracts and price, to break through the well to the water in this way is inexpensive.

Cordage percussion drilling

The most commonly used method. This method involves the breaking up soil by lowering a height of two meters of heavy drilling tool. The design used in such a drilling, consists of the elements:

• tripod, which is placed over the drilling site;
• block winch and rope;
• pile glass rod;
• bailer (for passage of loose soil layers).

Glass is a segment of the steel pipe, the bevelled inwardly having a solid bottom cutting edge. Top pile glasses is the anvil. On it makes hitting the bar. Lowering and lifting pile cups carried by a winch. Breed, which falls into a glass held there by the force of friction. In order to penetrate into the ground as deep as possible, using the post shock: it cast on the anvil. After filling his cup with soil rises to the top, and then purified. This operation is repeated until, until the desired depth is reached.

Drilling wells at bulk soil produced using the bailer. The latter is a steel pipe, the lower end of which is mounted Flap-retaining. After getting into the soil bailer valve is opened, whereby the soil pipe is inside. When lifting the construction, the valve closing operation. After extracting the surface bailer cleared actions are repeated again.

Useful advice! When the cable-percussive drilling of vertical wells should be closely monitored. At the slightest deviation of the installation of casing may become impossible. Do not use a glass of less than 2 m to prevent problems.

Effectively used in self-drilling screw and the above-described method. How to drill a well with his own hands with the help of a screw, to explain further does not make sense – basic principle is maintained.

Advantages of manual drilling:

• economical way to financially;
• repair and maintenance manual drill to make easy;
• Equipment light touch, so there is no need to use heavy equipment;
• the method is applicable in confined spaces;
• effective, it does not require much time.

The main disadvantages of the manual lowering of drilling can be considered a small depth (10 m), where the layers are mainly water which requires treatment, and the inability to break up the solid rock.

Seen on the video Water Well Drilling manual method will help avoid common mistakes when selecting the location and method of drilling

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Tools used in drilling water wells with their own hands

In the regeneration of water wells with their own hands is very important the correct selection of tools. It determines the speed and quality of work.

Drilling tools must be made of durable and wear-resistant material, preferably steel. It can be purchased in the store, but you can make yourself and be sure of its quality. The main tools used for self-drilling wells:

• a spoon. It consists of a steel hollow cylinder, in whose upper part there is a head with a thread for connection to the bars and at the bottom - the cutting edge. The housing has a longitudinal slot with one end tucked inwardly, and the second sharpened and can operate at rotation as the blade. Drilling spoon can be made in a workshop, where there is a lathe, and a smithy. These devices have a diameter of 198 mm and 70.140. This value should spoon 10 mm greater than the diameter omitted after drilling pipes;
• chisel bit. The wellbore is rounded by rotating the bit at an angle of 15-20 degrees after each stroke. The tool is manufactured by forging a single piece of steel viscous. Its wedge angle - 90 degrees. Chisel bit having a diameter of 74, 108, 147 mm. Adaptations of small size can be produced in workshops where there is at least a small blacksmith shop, as well as lathes and planers;

• bailer. Its housing is made up of iron or steel pipe, the upper part of which is connected with a conical plug threaded to the rope for hanging or attachment to the operating rods. The lower part of the steel tube is provided with a cutting shoe with a valve. The housing can be made of bailer or gas casing tube lengths of 1-2 m;
• screw. It has a flat spiral with a quickened step. At the end of the tool has a picker which breaks rock and the flat spiral carry it to the surface. The efficiency of the screw can be increased by using a small motor to rotate, for example, saws, motor-plow and so on. D .;
• glass. It is a conventional tube with the pointed lower ends. Working with him is lifting and dropping it from a height of 2-3 meters at slaughter. Sharp cut ends of the breed and tear her from the bottom;
• Rod. It is used for percussion and rotary drilling. It lowered to the bottom hole tool in its rotation being drilled, with it removed to the surface broken ground. Rod test load in compression, tension, bending and twisting. As this instrument can be used in steel bars of square or circular profile, as well as the water pipes with increased wall.

Price water wells turnkey

cost of the well water turnkey price per meter of drilling - a complex value, which is affected by a number of circumstances. First of all it depends on the location of the object and the specificity of the area. Geological sections in the territory of one region of non-uniform distribution of aquifers varies. As a result - the drilling of water wells in each district stands differently. In addition, the matter of the soil and landscape.

To calculate what would be the price of water wells, the following factors should be considered:

• development area;
• methodology used;
• fare;
• the depth of the aquifer;
• installation of equipment;
• direct drilling and borehole water buildup;
• type borehole, particularly its technical arrangement.

First there is the qualified examination of soil, resulting in a selected technology and equipment. Since all the drilling of wells for water run one company, you can save time and effort to get the water as soon as possible.

Water supply of private homes of the well: the layout of the main elements

The device wells for water in a private home and connect to a water pipe will cause no difficulty if to chart and buy quality equipment correctly. Driving home from a private water supply wells contains 3 main components:

• source (the wellbore);
• pumping station;
• pipeline.

These basic components are equipped with additional:

• caisson for wells;
• automation;
• wastewater treatment filters;

• water heater.

To connect the water supply to the house is necessary to lay the pipe. If you do not plan to hold the insulation in the form of a cement tunnel (which is troublesome and time-consuming), you need to dig a trench, which dropped them below the freezing point. Another embodiment of the insulation may be fiberglass materials foil.

Raw material for pipes used different: there are several types of metal and even greater variety of non-metallic, polymeric products.

Useful advice! When replacing or laying of water pipes should be remembered that contact with the water and condensation necessarily lead to the appearance of corrosion on metal products. It does not corrode pipes made of plastic.

Pumps for wells: main characteristics

When constructing a pump station with one of the main mechanisms of a pump. The choice of this unit is extremely important.

According to a method of operating pumps are divided into two types:

• superficial;
• Submersible (deep).

Surface pumps are pumping water from wells whose depth does not exceed 8 m. They are mounted on the surface mounting method is rather simple.

For greater depths should choose submersible pumps. They come in several forms:

• Centrifugal. Working by centrifugal force, which is created by blade paddle wheels when the shaft is rotated;
• screw (or screws). Pumping of fluid occurs due to movement of the screw along its axis in the chamber formed by the helical grooves and the surface of the body;

• eddy. The base structure - the wheel with the blades positioned in the housing and attached to the shaft. It sets in motion due to the centrifugal force of the vortex;
• vibration. The operation result of the membrane vibration, which arise from the differential pressure and liquid is pumped into the water supply.

The main parameters that should be considered when choosing a pump for a well:

• performance;
• power;
• depth, flow rate and the borehole diameter;

• cost.

Price submersible pumps for water wells is considerably higher than the surface. This is due to their greater power, performance, features and design of the installation. Among the most productive submersible and centrifugal pumps are expensive, including popular types of screw. They have high performance, good performance and reasonable price.

If necessary, to give a small amount of water in a short time it is better to give preference to the vortex pump. A vibratory device often used to target areas - shake well. Prolonged exposure to vibration may cause damage to the pump parts nearest borehole design.

Useful advice!When fading out well parameters Some parameters are relative values. Therefore, when buying a pump is to choose the right model with the stock performance.

You can buy a hand pump for water from the well. It requires applying a physical effort, but it is much more reliable, much cheaper, easier to repair and durable in operation. Hand pumps are of several kinds:

• wing. Principle: under the influence of a hand lever rotates wing actuating suction member;
• Piston. The pressure generated at the outlet;
• rod. It operates on the same principle as the piston. The piston is significantly extended, reminiscent of the bar, hence the name;
• membrane. At the heart of the operation - reciprocating diaphragm.

Choosing a hand pump water from a well, it is first necessary to consider the depth of the water layer of bedding. Deepest from a hand pump piston (30 m), the membrane is effective to 8-10 m. All types of manual pumps can fully replace the surface.

Fundamentals of proper operation of wells

Price workover water always high, as this process is complicated and labor-intensive. Do it yourself is not always possible. To the well for a long time, and fully supplied with water, it is necessary when it starts, follow these rules:

1. Run the pump for the first time, you must smoothly. Turn the valve on the need to end walls, starting from a minimum value of water intake, and bring to the optimal value.
2. The duration of the first water intake must be no less than two hours.
3. During operation it is necessary to avoid excessively short inclusions pumping station.
4. Systematic and significant water intake in the first months of operation will ensure a constant flow of water and the proper functioning of the well.

Useful advice! At the beginning of the use of water from the well it is mandatory to include a sample for chemical analysis of the composition. This will allow to be sure of useful properties of water used for drinking, as well as give an opportunity to properly operate the water supply system as a whole.

Well water with his own hands: possible problems and their solutions

Even at the cost of the payment of the required water wells completed, when the work was done by professionals, not always possible to avoid trouble in use. The most frequent problems in the operation of the well:

• silting:
• contaminated water;
• weak stream.

If the well is not used systematically, but only in the summer, siltation is almost inevitable. Flush design in such a situation it is not necessary, but need intensive pumping.

Contaminated water may be due to soil contact, intermediate waters. The most common cause is a decompression casing. Needs repair, it can be significant if the casing needs to be replaced, rather than simply embedding individual sites.

Useful advice! When procuring materials for arrangement of casings for water wells, the price of which relates to the budget, select it is not necessary: ​​the effectiveness of the most expensive pump station can be reduced to zero because of problems depressurization. Reliable and convenient when mounting plastic casing ring.

Gentle stream may be the cause of contamination of the filter. The elimination of this problem will be clean or replace the filter as a whole.

To understand how to make a hole for the water with your hands, or order a turnkey, taking the conditions and cost of wells for water already in the finished version - everyone decides for himself. The price may not be a priority, as well as equipment manufacturers. The main thing is that the output was the quality and quantity of water that is needed for daily consumption and livelihood.