House of aerated concrete: a house with optimal performance

House of aerated concrete - a great solution to the problem associated with the construction of suburban housing. Many owners of land used for the rapid construction of blocks of buildings budget, and this is caused by the popularity of the material. This article shows all the advantages and disadvantages of aerated concrete structures, taking into account all the nuances of technology, that allows you to fully appreciate the characteristics of the material and see how reasonable it application.

Characteristics of aerated concrete: photos and material properties

Aerated concrete is a kind of cellular concrete used in the construction of buildings. It has the same pore structure, a low density and light weight. At the similarities end, because each type of cellular concrete has its own properties and performance characteristics. In the manufacture of aerated concrete blocks apply the following components:

1. Portland cement - provides viscosity.
2. -Upotreblyaetsya silica sand as filler.
3. Aluminum powder or paste - materials-blowing.
4. Water treated by industrial methods.
5. Additives which improve the composition, - gypsum, lime, waste of industrial origin (ash, slag).

At the plant all of these components are thoroughly mixed, then poured into a solution form. The chemical reaction that occurs between the ingredients, hydrogen is generated. Due to it the mixture swells and increases in volume. Under the influence of this gas in the material forming the pores. When the reaction is terminated and the mixture is grasped, concrete removed from the molds and cut in accordance with the standards. Manufacturers produce aerocrete for building of houses of two types:

1. Autoclave - are the result of a synthesis hardening. During the drying process the blocks were steamed in an autoclave in a saturated steam environment under high pressure.
2. Neavtoklavnogo - hardening of the blocks takes place in the drying chambers under the influence of atmospheric pressure.

In fact, it is one and the same material, which is dried in different ways, whereby it acquires certain properties.

Useful advice!Using homemade forests will significantly facilitate the installation work.

Housing of silicate blocks: classification and material specifications

In accordance with accepted standards in the production of manufactured three types of blocks:

1. Structural - a density products is in the range 1000-1200 kg / m³.
2. Isolation - density units ranges of 200-500 kg / m³.
3. Constructional and heat insulating - density level fluctuates within 500-900 kg / m³.

If the mark is marked aerated D500, this means that in 1 m³ contained 500 kg of solid material, and the remaining part of the volume is composed of air, filling the internal voids.

Aerated concrete optimally combines the most advantageous technical characteristics:

1. The high level of strength - in spite of the small density of the material can be safely build bearing walls of concrete blocks.
2. Light weight - thanks to porous structure of about 85-90% of the volume occupied by the air, so the blocks of aerated concrete is fairly easy.
3. Low Thermal conductivity - thermal conduction coefficient of the material in a dry state was 0.12 W / m ° C.

Why not be used for residential buildings, aerated home production

On the Web you can find hundreds of recommendations and incremental technologies, describing the process of creating aerated at home. From the side, this task seems quite feasible, and many craftsmen are trying to start their own production. During the manufacturing process gazoblokov own hands going flagrant violation of technological standards, which affects the quality of products. However, despite this, they are still willing to buy building materials at a reduced cost.

In the factory manufacture the specialized technical equipment and applied quality raw materials, so shoppers can expect to buy products with the necessary characteristics:

• the correct shape and precise dimensions of blocks;
• minimum percentage of workmanship;
• physico-mechanical parameters as stated;
• uniform density throughout the volume of material that can be seen even by visual inspection;
• chemical inertness of the material achieved through laboratory control, which is performed at all stages of production.

Useful advice!To distinguish aerated handicraft production very easy: the geometry of the blocks is broken, uneven material structure, the product is isolated unpleasant chemical smell, most commonly lime.

Homemade material can greatly reduce the cost of building the house of aerated concrete, but the use of such units is fraught with a lot of unpleasant consequences.

Firstly, a non-uniform density blocks (structure) does not correspond to quality standards. Such products that are less durable and a year after the start of operation of the house can be covered with cracks.

Secondly, it is impossible to perform high-quality masonry aerated concrete. Blocks with broken geometry will not fix via the adhesive composition, this will have to apply a conventional mortar. As a result, the seams between the products obtained are very thick (within 10-20 mm), due to which reduced thermal efficiency at home and freeze wall.

Third, if the lime in the blocks do not fully decomposed, the material will ooze resistant chemical smell. This will not only create inconvenience, but also can affect the health of residents of the building. In addition, an excessive amount of lime in the composition gazoblokov can cause corrosion processes, damaging the walls.

Pros and cons of homes of aerated concrete, a review of negative opinions

Pros and cons of aerated concrete can be considered on the example of the houses built with this material. The porous structure allows these blocks to a plurality of advantages:

• high speed of construction;
• efficiency;
• fire;
• lowest thermal conductivity;
• simple processing system;
• low cost houses made of aerated concrete;
• environmental friendliness;
• excellent level of vapor permeability;
• durability;
• frost.

The low price of houses from aerated concrete is due to several factors. On the one hand, it is very cheap building material. a small amount of cement required for manufacturing the blocks, after the bulk product is in pores filled with air. On the other hand, small construction time. Block sizes are large enough to reduce the duration of this process, and thus reduce the cost of it. In addition, the brick in the same volume weighs much more (about 3-5 times). As a result, building materials and labor time used more efficiently.

Note! If we compare the rate of construction of houses made of aerated concrete and brick, in the first case 1 m² wall can be folded down for about 20-25 minutes. The use of brick gives these results.

Low thermal conductivity level allows even in the winter to maintain a comfortable temperature in the house. Aerated concrete trapping heat in the house about 2-3 times better than brick. Energy wall thickness of 37.5 cm, gazoblokov folded out, the same as in the brickwork, of which thickness is 60 cm. Blocks sufficiently well to any type of treatment: shtroblenie, sawing, milling. Products can be easily cut even with the help of hand tools, which is why in the photo houses of aerated concrete, you can see the beautiful buildings with complex architectural forms.

Aerated concrete refers to a group of non-combustible materials. If the wall of such blocks will act for 2 hours flame whose temperature is above 100 ° C, the surface is covered with fissures total depth of 30-40 mm. This time will be enough to evacuate all the residents of the cottage of aerated concrete before the slab of the building will fall. Wooden house in similar conditions will burn to the ground.

If the blocks are made without disturbing the technology, they do not have unpleasant odors, environmentally friendly and perfectly breathable. There are cases when aerated a service life of 40-50 years.

What are the disadvantages inherent in aerated concrete: material cons

The same porous structure, which provided many advantages of aerated concrete blocks, and become a source of some of the shortcomings. One weakness is the low level of flexural strength. Coefficient ultimate strain of the material is in the range of 0.5-2 mm / m. If the deformation changes go beyond these indicators, house walls can be covered with cracks.

Eliminate the possibility of this outcome will help build a solid foundation for the house of silicate blocks, reinforced by a mesh reinforcement, or monolithic trim. Additionally, it is desirable to carry out reinforcement and laying of the harness overlaps.

Due to the porous structure of the material installation of fasteners (screws, anchors, nails) it is very easy, but its reliability is poor fixation. For aerated concrete walls is necessary to select special items. It is better to give preference to RAMS, nylon or steel fasteners. In such circumstances, special attention should be installing doors and windows. If you violate the technology, they can become loose over time.

Important! It is not recommended to build the house of aerated concrete above three floors.

Adhesive properties of the material is not high, so before application of the plaster on the aerated concrete reinforcement wall surface is performed. Priming helps solve the problem of adhesion. Among the disadvantages of aerated concrete buildings also including a large shrinkage. Offset neavtoklavnyh blocks reaches 2 mm / m. Index AAC little less - 1 mm / m.

House of aerated concrete: the operational features of the building

To house stood throughout the operational lifetime, be sure to take into account some features of aerocrete. First of all we must not forget about the hygroscopic material. Porous blocks, as well as wood, well absorb and give moisture. Protect the facade of the building will help lining the walls. In addition, it is desirable to organize in the house of aerated concrete quality ventilation system.

Aerated concrete enough energy efficient, thus reducing the cost of heating homes. However, when buying the material necessary to consider that its insulating properties depend on the brand. The higher the score, the worse the blocks retain heat. To improve the energy efficiency of the house, the walls can be covered with plaster.

Building blocks of aerated concrete are large, so increasing the likelihood that the installation will be performed poorly. Such an outcome is possible, even if the products are used with a geometrically correct shape. If the adhesive is applied thick consistency, through the slit can be formed in the masonry of silicate blocks, because in this state the composition is unable to completely fill all voids.

Useful advice!Experts recommend that after the construction of the house to study it. Thermal survey will determine whether there is a building seams and joints that need to be repaired.

Myths about the construction of houses made of aerated concrete: reviews forums

Before you build a house of aerated concrete, many owners of summer cottages are browsing reviews on the Internet. Most of them are positive:

Related article:

Project house of foam blocks with description: from planning to finishing

House turnkey: from acquaintance with the peculiarities of the building material to commissioning. Features, advantages and characteristics of the foam blocks.

"As a builder with many years of experience, I had studied the characteristics of different materials. Aerated concrete blocks are in great demand among the population and, in my opinion, it is difficult to find a more suitable option if you want to build a house in a short time and with minimal costs. The material is quite easy, eco-friendly and seismic resistance. Aerated concrete, unlike wood, are not flammable. Easy to work with him. Furthermore, the material can save in finishing works, since the blocks have the correct geometry. "

Stanislav Wet, city Yekaterinburg

"Especially for the construction of a house of aerated concrete, I bought a plot of land in the city. The paper used the D500 brand blocks. This material is of good quality and practicality. Price aerated concrete is also acceptable. It was necessary to further insulate the underground part of the foundation base, but on the walls of the installation of the insulation is not needed. I did everything according to the technology, so the house will receive a warm, ideal conditions for living. However, there is one caveat. Comfortable environment is maintained only on the condition of constant heat. The rest of the complaints about the no. The house is in operation for over three years. "

Eugene Starostin of Moscow

The forums are often found and negative reviews about the building blocks. Common Opinion:

1. Walls crack quickly.
2. The building needs a mandatory insulation.
3. Aerated concrete is too fragile.
4. Blocks are destroyed when exposed to moisture.
5. Aerated concrete is a health hazard.

In most cases this is due to lack of understanding of the technical and operating characteristics of the material, as well as subtleties of the technology which may be disturbed during the construction process.

Myths about the technology of building houses from aerated concrete

Over time, cracks appear in any material, even in masonry. In most cases, the cause of premature failure of the building is not the quality of building blocks (Except handicraft production), and violation of the foundation under the house everything from technology aerated concrete. Negative consequences arise if the design phase have been taken into account peculiarities of soil on the site and nature of the placement of groundwater.

Note! The cause of cracks could be mistakes in the process of laying the reinforcement of concrete blocks. And this rule applies to the foundation and walls of the building.

If the building project was developed in accordance with the requirements of SNIP, the additional insulation is not necessary. However, many developers at the exterior of aerated concrete homes perform the installation of thermal insulation materials "at the same time."

There is an opinion that the concrete block can be broken with a hammer. However, by applying a certain force can break even brick. According to the provisions of the SNP in the construction of houses of aerated concrete blocks are recommended for use with the D500 marked. This type of material is considered to be quite strong for the construction of low-rise buildings (up to 3 storeys). Thus it combines characteristics such as lightness and warmth. If you are building a home takes into account all the technological features of the building will be able to withstand all conditions.

Building blocks labeled D400 considered warmer than the material D500 brand, but less stable. Aerated concrete with marked D600 has an increased measure of strength, but it is much worse retains heat.

Myths about the operation of houses of concrete blocks

Some users have expressed their distrust with respect to operation of aerated concrete structures, fearing that the blocks like a sponge, absorb moisture. This type of material does have similar characteristics to the timber. Aerated concrete is able to absorb moisture and to give it back to the building influencing the indoor climate. However, provided year-round and in the presence of finish without creating obstacles to the natural circulation of water, water will not be able to damage and destroy building blocks.

It is wrong and believed that aerated concrete is immersed in water when wet, and therefore it is not suitable for housing. The fact that the porous structure provides buoyancy material, which is completely unrelated to the fact what the amount of water imbibed blocks. Therefore, a small house of aerated concrete is considered an acceptable option for building suburban area.

As part of the aerated concrete contains aluminum and lime, which sometimes smells of the building room after buildings, causing some owners of land concerns about the safety of this material. These components actually exist in the original mixture, but after completion of the chemical reaction in the finished product are absent.

Note!In industrial production adhere precise dosages. In addition, concrete is exposed to high-quality drying. The result is an artificial stone, consisting of silicate safety. If the smell of lime aerated concrete, which means that it was made artisanal.

Features of the design and the average prices of houses from aerated concrete turnkey

If you compare the price of aerated concrete and brick houses, it should be noted that the first option clearly cheaper. At the cost of building aerated concrete houses under the key can affect several factors:

1. Features of the project - customers can purchase a model project with a pre-prepared documentation, or order the development of individual solutions, which will take into account the personal wishes.
2. Brand and quality of building materials - the cost depends not only on the volume of purchases, but also from the manufacturer, which may be foreign or domestic.
3. The complexity of architectural design - this factor takes into account the area and number of storeys of the building (construction of houses attic of aerated concrete will cost less than the construction of two-storey building), type of roof and foundation.
4. The relief features of the site - if the territory has a slope or soil on the site is very specific, a typical project will have to finalize the surcharge.

Benefits construction of houses made of aerated concrete turnkey

Opting for the construction of a residential building of turnkey units, the owner of land can fully appreciate all the advantages of a professional service. From the moment the customer signs a contract with a contracting company, the company takes care of all questions:

• the need to change or adjustment of the project;
• perform geological and geodetic studies portion;
• the selection of the team working;
• quality control of work performed;
• the implementation of all construction works described in the contract (since everything foundation, ending with a lining of communications systems and performing finishing).

Quality of work also depends on how the contractor was selected correctly. When choosing a construction company for the project on the site, you should pay attention to the following points:

• while the existence of the company;
• the number of completed projects (photo houses from silicate blocks as a finished product in the building process will be superfluous);
• the quality of work;
• real customer reviews.

Experienced contractors have at their disposal a database of trusted suppliers, own firm specializing in the design, multidisciplinary teams of professional workers.

Note!The customer has the right at any time to make a personal inspection of the construction process, according to the cost estimate, as well as a report from the contractor.

Construction companies, care about their reputation, serve customers on well-established pattern. They strive to keep optimum pricing and often offer customers favorable system of discounts for the purchase of materials.

Prices for the construction of two-storey and single-storey houses made of aerated concrete ways to save

To build a house from silicate blocks with minimal cost, it is important to consider all nuances, up to the purchase of materials to shipment, and even careful study contract before signing.

Purchase of materials is a significant part of total costs, so this problem should be given special attention. In this case, you need to think ahead, because any hesitation may freeze for a long time. The accelerated pace of construction can not do without surprises and unexpected difficulties. Possible fluctuations in the cost of materials for 150-200%, both in one and in the other direction.

This table will let you know how much a house of aerated concrete (single-storey building)

Area, m²	price, rub.
61,79	827950
104,48	1398700
127,05	1700900
156,45	2094500
165,9	2221000

Selecting store Best Rates, should also take care of an acceptable system of delivery and unloading of materials. If the works are not included in the overall estimate, such a service can significantly increase costs. And this is possible even when the material is purchased at a very low price. Another cause of leakage of money can become awkward access roads to the construction site. Probably it will be more profitable once bed plate to the road section than each time they need to drive materials rent manipulator.

Problems can arise even in cases where the contractor signed a contract in which all terms and prices are registered. Impossible without the experience to provide all the nuances and fully protect yourself from additional expenses. The contract can be registered and the installation of the rafters of the roof, but I have no insulation work. In this case, you will have to pay for them.

Note!There are no universal workers. Even the most experienced masons will not be able to competently perform the installation of the communication system or the electrical wiring. Therefore it is necessary to involve several teams with different specializations.

The table with the prices on the two-storey house of aerated concrete:

Area, m²	price, rub.
89,25	831600
111,09	1223500
134,4	1480205
176,51	1943900
236,67	2606500

Timing and calculation of the construction of country houses of aerocrete

At construction time can be influenced by factors such as the area of ​​the building, the type of foundation base and the roof, the complexity of installation and so on. N. However, there are averages that can be taken as a basis to perform preliminary calculations.

Table with average terms of construction:

type of works	terms
Construction of the foundation base	1,5-2 months
The construction of walls and ceilings in the house of aerated concrete	1-2 months
Mounting roof system and roof	2-4 weeks
Installing doors and windows	10-15 days
wiring	8-15 days
Installation of communication systems	25-30 days
Installation of finishing	2-4 months

House of aerated concrete calculator Calculation Formulas

Even if the construction of a small single-level home is expected from gazoblokov have to make many calculations before starting work. And the more floors the building has, the more accurate calculation should be.

To calculate gazoblokov all the walls need to be divided into three groups according to their thickness. One of them will include the exterior walls, and the second - internal support, and the third - the internal partitions. Each group made its calculations. As a result, you need to determine the length of the walls, as well as an area that accounts for door and window openings.

Then it is necessary to calculate the volume of wall surfaces. To do this, multiply their basic parameters: length, width and height. From this result is subtracted area of ​​door and window openings. After this it is necessary to divide the volume wall surfaces in the volume of one building block. Thus, we can see how much gazoblokov required for the construction of the house.

For the construction of the external load-bearing walls, it is desirable to use the product parameters 20h30h60 see. The volume of such units is 0.036 m³. Internal load-bearing walls often erected on the basis of a material having the same dimensional parameters, and the laying of AAC can be made flat. The internal baffles less stringent requirements imposed. Product size 10h30h60 see fit for their construction. The volume of these blocks - 0.018 m³.

Useful advice!Materials with better purchasing stock, which is 6-7% of the total gazoblokov.

How to build their own house of gazoblokov: photo and turn-based technology

In developing the project for the construction of a country house, be sure to take into account the characteristics of the material. The thickness of the walls of aerated concrete blocks are selected for the house with a view of building design features. If the construction site is located at latitudes with moderate climatic conditions, for the construction of supporting walls can be used product of 30-40 cm thick. For interior walls, the figure is 10-15 cm.

Of aerated concrete building needs a stable and reliable basis. Most often, experts recommend use a slab foundation, which has a monolithic structure. It is suitable for construction of residential buildings on all types of soil. The roof can be flat or pitched, however, regardless of the design, it is necessary to perform the installation correctly. It is preferable to choose a lighter version of the roof:

• Profiled sheet;
• metal roofing;
• shingles.

In cold weather, unfinished house in need of conservation. It is impossible to perform laying aerated winter when the outside temperature is below -5 ° C. With the onset of cold weather construction is preserved. For this purpose waterproofing membrane that covers the walls. It is desirable that this point has already been prepared to overlap, which are located above the first floor. In addition, the film are covered with trays where aerocrete stored. It is recommended not to remove the factory shrink tape.

Organization of the foundation for the house of the blocks: Photo and technology features

The durability of the house in the first place depends on the quality of the foundation. Most building projects involve the use of aerated concrete monolithic structures. An ideal variant is considered melkozaglublenny belt type foundation. It is optimally combines qualities such as reliability and reasonable cost. Bookmark melkozaglublennogo foundation is carried to a depth of 0.5-0.6 m.

Note!The depth of the base tab is independent of the level of soil freezing.

The thickness of the foundation is chosen taking into account the thickness of the walls of the building. When you create a house of their own hands aerocrete necessary to form a plinth. This can be achieved if the base will rise above the soil line by 0.2-0.3 m.

Melkozaglublenny foundation needs reinforcing. This procedure is required. For this it is necessary to make the frame with a longitudinally-cross design. The grooved fittings diameter of 1.2 cm is suitable as a construction material. The frame consists of upper and lower longitudinal belts (3 rod each) interconnected transverse webs, which are arranged with a pitch of 0.3-0.4 m. The fill is desirable to use a concrete brand M300 or M400.

Installation of floor and wall in a house of concrete blocks: picture and the process of construction

To build the walls can be only after the foundation attains strength. drying process lasts at least 20 days. First row gazoblokov must be waterproofed. For this purpose, on the surface of the foundation tape formed cement. The thickness of the layer - 10 mm. Next, fit the flashing. Fit and asphalt, but the use of roofing material should be abandoned. Then again applied cement-sand mortar, and over it holds the foam block assembly.

All subsequent rows are placed using a special adhesive. Each 4-th row is reinforced by means of welded mesh of steel rods of 0.4 cm thickness. For these purposes may be used, and fiberglass reinforcement. Before mesh laid on the surface of the blocks necessary to form a groove. They can be made using the wall chaser.

floor installation technology in the house of aerated concrete depends on the type of overlap. If these structures are formed from the beams, the floor of the timber is also performed (according to the standard procedure). If the house floors are installed as porous concrete slabs, can not be used wet concrete screed. Such construction significantly weighted overlap. Aerated concrete slabs do not require insulation.

Important!Since aerated absorbs moisture before finishing flooring surface plates thoroughly primed using the polymer compositions. It becomes reusable.

Before creating the intercommunication overlap or carry out installation of the roof on the top row of masonry settling ring Laying nets with a monolithic structure. Thanks to him, the load between the blocks are evenly distributed. The recommended height of the belt -. 0.15-0.2 m Its thickness should be less than the wall thickness of about 0.1 m voids which remain, fill insulation.. If this is not done, Laying nets become cold bridges.

The use of concrete slabs as overlap is possible only if the distance between the carrier walls is not more than 6 m. To stay Laying nets surface plate must rely on it not less than 1 cm. The residue overlaps Gazoblok smaller.

Construction of the roof for the house of gazoblokov: photo and description of the process

To prepare the ground for the installation of the roof, in the Laying nets should be imbedded metal studs. They will be used for fixing mauerlat. As the stud is recommended to use rebar or you can purchase ready-made products with a thread. The second embodiment greatly simplifies the installation process mauerlat. In the next stage is set rafter system. The technology in this case is individual and it depends on the characteristics of the selected type of roof. Home of aerated concrete roof build their own hands a variety of ways:

1. Organize pent roof - this option is used in residential buildings is very rare, because such a design is more suitable for outbuildings and barns.
2. Build a gable roof type - perfect for summer houses.
3. Build a gambrel or mansard construction - the most viable option for a residential house of aerated concrete.

Regardless of the type of roof should be insulated. For this deposited layer of waterproofing material, insulation and vapor barrier.

Note!If you are building a house from the block with your hands under the roof will settle residential attic, it is also necessary to organize the sound insulation.

Waterproofing secured to the rafters by means of wooden strips, which are subsequently used for fixing obreshetochnoy structure for mounting a roof. The space between the rails under the waterproofing is filled with insulation. For this purpose, most commonly used mineral wool, although other suitable materials such as foam or polystyrene. Next, using vapor barrier film is mounted rails. Then, the installation of roofing.

The most common materials:

• corrugated board;
• metal;
• slate;
• ceramic tiles;
• shingles.

To sedimentary moisture does not accumulate on the roof, installation of roofing material should start from the bottom.

Finishing work in the house of concrete blocks: Photo and recommendations

Aerated concrete walls look unsightly, so finishing is required, and the stucco home runs, both inside and outside the building. To the front of the wall can begin only after established the eaves, and the roof is made undeveloped installation engineering systems. For these purposes, experts recommend to use plaster formulations intended for concrete blocks, in combination with with glass.

Internal finishing works are carried out as follows:

1. The walls are covered with an inexpensive filler. You can use the gypsum composition.
2. On top of the plaster is glued fiberglass.
3. On the wall is applied a finishing layer of putty.

Thanks to such a reception cracks that can appear on the walls, do not move to the finish trim.

Houses made of aerocrete, built with his own hands, just like any other building, and have advantages and disadvantages. On the internet you can find many positive and negative reviews. Therefore, the choice should not do, based on the budget possibilities. If the construction will be carried out by professionals under the key, you can not worry about the quality of work performed.