Blocks PBS: dimensions and characteristics of the building material

Today is very popular in the construction of foundations and structures are low blocks FBS: dimensions of the product and the price for it in a wide range. This makes it possible to determine the suitable material for the construction of certain terms. Respecting the rules of selection of the type of material and size, you can build a solid and reliable design in a short period of time.

Features and characteristics of foundation blocks FBS

The concrete for the foundation block PBS is solid monolithic reinforced concrete product, having a parallelepiped shape. Among other types of material units differs highest strength and operating characteristics by which it may be used in the construction of the foundation.

PBS is a robust, stable and durable building material, which is characterized by increased resistance to environmental influences. The strength characteristics of the product are of particular importance, because the elements are the foundation of the building foundation.

The material is made exclusively in factory conditions because the quality of each product must be strictly controlled using laboratory instruments according to GOST. Base blocks can be made of such materials:

• silicate concrete or keramsit density of not less than 1800 kg / m³;
• lightweight high-strength concrete B100 class;
• heavy high-strength concrete grade M50-M200.

Concrete is selected on the basis of operating conditions of buildings under construction. This takes into account temperature changes, mechanical stresses and humidity level. It possesses maximum strength concrete brand M200. For harsh environments, you can use the brand M150 filler and standard - M100.

Besides filler concrete is applied steel fittings A1 or A111, improves strength characteristics and reducing the effects of pressure and compression, and plasticizers, which increase frost material.

Advantages and disadvantages of reinforced concrete foundation blocks

Due to high strength and performance characteristics of the building material of concrete, which is reinforced inside with a reinforcing frame can be used for the construction of the columnar base, in combination with a tape foundation walls during the construction of low-rise buildings, basements and cellars.

Concrete foundation blocks characterized by the following advantages:

• good load-bearing capacity;
• high mounting speed;

• material reliability is ensured by the fact that the products are manufactured in the factory by special technology on the modern equipment, in addition, they are subject to rigorous laboratory the control;
• high density mating elements, which is achieved by sophisticated design and manufacturing the precise dimensions of concrete blocks;
• elements are equipped with special mounting grooves for easy packing;
• versatility of the material makes it possible to erect the base structures of any complexity;
• installation work can be performed in any period of the year, since the material is not afraid to temperature variations and humidity;
• high resistance to stress of the material allows use it in the most adverse conditions, such as ice or acid soils;
• after the mounting blocks can immediately proceed to other construction work.

The disadvantages of the material include:

• the high cost of products;

• lowest heat resistance;
• heavy weight products, whereby installation work associated with stacking elements require special machinery attraction;
• place jointing pieces are characterized by integrity.

Selection of block size for the construction of foundation base

Currently, when constructing foundation very popular combined laying method using FBS elements. Thanks to this technology reduces the cost of construction, which does not adversely affect the strength and durability. When selecting the size of the foundation blocks FBS should be borne in mind that the future of the base should not only withstand the weight of the structures, but also distribute it all over the ground.

Important! Inconsistency in the state may adversely affect the size of the base product that will ultimately lead to the destruction of the building.

Of products depends on the size of the structural strength, process elements installation, runtime "zero cycle" and the cost of products. Dimensions building blocks are determined based on the type of soil, its bearing capacity. It is also necessary to consider the thickness of the walls and floor, the weight structure, the foundation area and strength. The lower the soil resistance, the Overall should be foundation blocks. For example, for clay surfaces should select the largest elements, and it is possible to arrange the base of the smaller size products at coarse soils. To create the most dense packing is recommended to use the products of different sizes.

Useful advice! When you select a block size for the erection of walls should be guided by the rule, stating that the best is the five elements in the length of the wall.

FBD blocks: Dimensionsarticles according assortment

Each unit has its own label, which indicates the length, width and height of the product in dm. These parameters must strictly comply with the requirements of GOST 13579-78. If next to the numeric value is the letter "T", it indicates that the production of Unit used heavy concrete, the letter "P" indicates the expanded clay, and "C" - the tight lime concrete.

GOST PBS block is represented in sizes of 15, where important characteristic is the overall width of the product, which is 300-600 mm. By PBS gauge length is divided into three sizes with values ​​of 880, 1180 and 2380 mm. The height of the products is 580 mm. Only a block length of 1180 mm has a height of 280 mm products. The smallest element is 880h300h580 size, and the largest foundation block FBS 24.6.6 - 2380h600h580 mm.

Marking of standard products is shown in Table:

designation	Width	Height mm	Length mm	element Weight
FBS.24.6.6	600	580	2380	1960
FBS.24.5.6	500	580	2380	1630
FBS.24.4.6	400	580	2380	1300
FBS.24.3.6	300	580	2380	970
FBS.12.6.6	600	580	1180	960
FBS.12.5.6	500	580	1180	790
FBS.12.4.6	400	580	1180	640
FBS.12.3.6	300	580	1180	460
FBS.12.6.3	600	280	1180	460
FBS.12.5.3	500	280	1180	390
FBS.12.4.3	400	280	1180	310
FBS.9.6.6	600	580	880	700
FBS.9.5.6	500	580	880	590
FBS.9.4.6	400	580	880	470
FBS.9.3.6	300	580	880	350

Useful advice! The standard product is a solid block, in which no voids. When you purchase the material should be checked at the manufacturer's quality certificate, which ensures that the units meet the requirements of the standard.

How to choose the right size for the construction of blocks FBS

With the construction of the foundations can be used in different sizes foundation blocks, and the price per unit product will depend on its size. scan base should be followed to determine the exact size and number of blocks. At a special drawing conventionally laid out all the products on the length and height of the basement wall of the building. There should be considered ligation between the blocks, which is at least 25 cm.

product width is selected based on the thickness of the walls of the building. In this case the permitted slight overhangs aerial structures. If the walls will be constructed of bricks, the protrusion value should be not more than 40 mm on each side. There can be used FBS width of 600 mm to 640 mm and a wall magnitude 500 - 510 mm for structures.

The length of the foundation block must be determined on the scan, which have elements of different sizes so that they went smoothly, without forming substantial protrusions.

Useful advice! If you can not lay properly on the default values, they can be split lengthwise.

During the construction of the foundations and walling products are used 580 mm high. Blocks with a value of 280 mm are used as fixing elements when to perform a hole in the bottom for the air holes, the input or output networks.

Weight PBS blocks is an important value, knowing that can be defined with special equipment needed styling products, as well as to transport, that will be used when blocks delivery to the site construction.

Useful advice! Today, manufacturers produce small foundation blocks 200h200h400 mm which can be installed without the involvement of specialized equipment.

Varieties of blocks according to STATE: PBS, FGF, FB, FL and BF

For the construction of underground technical, the basement walls, columnar devices and strip foundations, erecting walls of low-rise buildings, unheated buildings and other structures, systematic actions operating at temperatures from +50 to -70 degrees, the concrete blocks may be used that are based on GOST 13579-78 are of three types: PBS, and VBW FSF. Products are made of silica, heavy concrete or keramzitbetona. Their density must not be less than 1800 kg / m³.

According deciphering PBS foundation wall is a block with the greatest margin of safety. In the manufacture of small solid elements reinforcement structure is used. Metal is only used for the manufacture for mounting hinges. In the production of marker units are necessarily used longitudinal reinforcement rods, which increases the weight of the PBS.

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Blocks VBW, unlike the previous type, have a longitudinal section in the oral product. It is designed for the installation of utilities. The production process of such products similar to the method of manufacturing the previous embodiment. There used concrete grade not less than the M100. However, in the construction of FB blocks are used very rarely, so are made mostly to order. Products produced 880 mm, height 580 mm and a width of 400, 500 and 600 mm.

FGF foraminous blocks are lightweight concrete articles having an open square holes in the bottom member. For the manufacture of concrete is applied M150 mark. Products produced 2380 mm long. Other linear dimensions of foundation blocks and product prices are in a wide range. FGF blocks are used to create the foundation for the industrial equipment or apparatus for the internal walls of the basement.

As the base, under columnar or strip foundation products used trapezoidal shapes which are labeled PL. Parameters and dimensions of the foundation pads are regulated by GOST 13580-85. The width of the product varies between 600-3200 mm. The height of the elements may be 300 or 500 mm. The latter value corresponds to a product width of 2,000 mm. Block length is 780-2980 mm. The largest elements have dimensions and 2980h2000h500 1180h500h3200 mm and the smallest available size 1180h600h300 mm.

For the construction of internal and external walls of buildings of agricultural and industrial enterprises reinforced concrete blocks used tape BF of heavy concrete, which are regulated by GOST 28737-90. All the elements are divided into six species, which differ in their cross-sectional dimensions.

Robust domestic manufacturers foundation blocks: the prices of products

Concrete block FBS included in the product, which is available on any concrete factory. Very often products are made without compliance with all the details and process steps. In raznomarochny concrete can be used as a feedstock. Therefore, when choosing a high-quality and reliable material should choose companies that have established themselves from the best side in the world construction market.

One of the largest enterprises in Russia for the production of building material is concrete factory industrial construction details. Production differs strength and high quality construction, that is carried out according to the requirements of GOST. foundation blocks price starts from 1200 rub. / pcs.

The Russian company "Vira" specializes in the manufacture of concrete products. The product range includes more than 400 items, among which are the foundation blocks wall. Unit Price of the product depends on its size and on average 1650 rubles.

Another popular domestic manufacturer is the company "Master". It manufactures all types of concrete blocks, the price of which depends on the type of product and starts from 1150 rub. / Pcs.

Alexandria expanded clay plant produces various types of concrete products. In high demand are small concrete blocks, which can be used in the construction of load-bearing walls, fences and columns, or be used as reference elements in the basement and basement spaces, basements. Products are made in special molds, so have the exact dimensions. Price foundation blocks 200h200h400 mm starts at 55 rubles. / Pc.

Another reliable manufacturer considered Zlatoust plant, which produces a wide range of FBS, FGF, FVP, ladders, panels, bridges and road slabs of concrete. Products are of acceptable cost. Unit price of the foundation FBS starts from 950 rubles. / pc.

Features installation of foundation blocks FBS

The process of installation of the foundation blocks does not require special knowledge and special skills. To get a good result it is important to strictly observe the sequence of actions that are carried out in three stages.

The first stage is to carry out the calculation of the number of elements necessary for the construction of the foundation. For this construction volume is determined, the value obtained must be divided by the amount of one block. The second stage is to prepare the ground. The blocks should be laid on the sand bed 50-100 mm thick, previously leveled and compacted. The length and width of the substrates must be greater by 25-30 cm than the dimensions of the proposed construction. Further breakdown is performed by using the plot axes construction plumb and level.

The final stage is directly PBS stacking blocks using lifting mechanism. Pre-installed beacons blocks at the corners, intersections and bridges foundation. Leveling instrument verified coincidence upper planes beacons, between which should pull cord. Thereon exhibited the remaining elements of the first row. Between the blocks, according to the project, it is necessary to leave gaps for the passage of utilities.

Useful advice! Before installing the units must be free of possible contamination and moistened with water.

From the correct installation of the first row of blocks will depend on the geometry of the entire foundation. Placement accuracy is controlled leveling instrument. design elements recover scrap. The next series is built on the principle of masonry. Layer provided between the rows of cement mortar which is sealed bayonet shovel. The height of the foundation is usually 5 rows of product.

Important! Units can not be installed on the water or snow covered ground.

During the construction of small structures at summer cottage can be used for foundation blocks b / a size 400h600h200 mm. And the price per unit product will be only 300 rubles.

Using PBS blocks in the construction of foundations and other objects can significantly speed up the process. The right choice of size of the product and compliance with the installation sequence will ensure the creation of a strong, reliable and durable construction.