Winter garden at a private house and apartment: advice on the creation and maintenance

Winter garden at a private house, apartment, cottage or balcony - a piece of summer all year round. Creating a cozy place of beauty and relaxation involves implementing a serious engineering solutions and requires thoroughness in all phases starting from project creation to implementation. Taking into account all the nuances, homemade greenhouse will become a highlight of home ownership, and care for her - a favorite hobby. Correct design, build and equip a garden in the room to help this article.

What is the winter garden: Basic characteristics and features

Winter Garden - a room with a specific purpose. Serves to accommodate exotic indoor and heat-loving plant, requires special systems heating, plumbing and lighting to maximize efficient use of natural solar heat and Sveta. Usually this glass structure in metal, aluminum, wood or of metal and plastic frame. It may be a continuation of a seating in the form of terraces.

Winter Garden - this is not a separate building, but an integral part of the house. It is protected against atmospheric influences (rain and wind) glass roof and walls.

The beauty and fragrance of the flowers have a positive effect on the human nervous system. Green area has a number of positive features, including:

• oxygen enriching space;

• prevents dust penetration into the living room;
• care of plants ceases to be useful and original hobby;
• Green Zone - the area of ​​comfort, relaxation in all seasons and in all weathers.

Useful advice! For the construction of a winter garden is not necessarily the presence of a spacious home or yard. To create a cozy corner of the summer can be even on the balcony, or loggia of the apartment.

Winter garden at a private house: history of occurrence

Another first winter garden appeared in the 4th millennium BC. Pictures of stone vases in the palaces of ancient Egypt clearly testify to this. Followers of the Egyptians - the ancient Romans, who began to place a mini-gardens on the windowsill. Rich owners of estates could afford the peristyle - a garden in the middle of construction, surrounded by columns.

Winter gardens to Europe reached already in the XI century. Netherlands King William made a flower greenhouse in his palace. Soon there were "houses of orange" - a structure where a year-round blooming citrus.

The Orangery at Versailles of Louis XIV considered the most beautiful in the history, and survived to this day. No less known greenhouse Potsdam's Sanssouci Palace. In the XVIII century citrus fruits were replaced by tropical plants. Winter gardens were considered a luxury to the XIX century, when Nathaniel Ward tried to grow plants under a glass dome.

In 1854 the Englishman Joseph Paxton built the "Crystal Palace" - a prototype of the modern winter garden.

Today, attach a conservatory to the house can practically everyone. Also, it can be positioned on the balcony or on the terrace.

A winter garden and a greenhouse in the house: similarities and differences

there are certain differences, despite the fact that these concepts are related between the greenhouse, greenhouse and conservatory. All rooms have the same purpose in terms of plant cultivation in the intermediate zone between the housing and open areas. At the same time, greenhouse and conservatory - separate buildings, and a winter garden - it is an integral part of the harmonious continuation of the dwelling.

Greenhouses, for the most part, have a temporary destination for growing different types of crops in the special conditions at some stage. Photo of the greenhouse can be seen that this place is growing exotic varieties of plants, such as orchids or citrus. For this purpose create special climatic conditions of high humidity and temperature, which may be severe for the physical state of the human body. Long stay in them uncomfortable and undesirable.

The main purpose of the winter garden at home - to give pleasure from the contemplation of the lush vegetation of small trees, the beauty of bright colors and fragrance. garden microclimate under glass is chosen rationally, exerting a positive influence both on the cultivated plants, and the well-being of people. Create such harmony is possible only if, strict adherence to all the rules of construction and improvement.

Note! The winter garden is not to be confused with a greenhouse, which is located outside the home and is used for growing seedlings of vegetable crops and flowers. Flower garden greenhouse is different from the tropical climate with high humidity and air temperature.

Winter garden at a private house: photo, The types and characteristics

Winter Garden - a rather complicated engineering and technical design. The main feature of future building - plant content in the comfort of frost protection, other negative environmental influences. Therefore, while designing the following conditions must be met:

• observance of a constant temperature;

• constant air circulation;
• adequate lighting;
• optimum humidity;
• sealed frame.

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Construction of a winter garden, no matter where it is located, should be transparent sufficiently illuminated, aesthetic design, resistant to the influence of external factors.

Winter Garden conventionally has several internal areas:

• communicative - performs the function connects to the house. This track, which on the one hand lead to the house, and on the other - on the street;

• recreation - part of the interior, where are the pieces of furniture for recreation, meetings, meals;
• Decorative - main zone where plants are actually located;
• utility - a place where inventory is located, fertilizers, access to communications.

There are many designs of houses with a winter garden, which implies their construction with the main location, but it is more popular glass extension for growing plants.

Planning a winter garden, Attached Garage

Before you attach a winter garden to the house, you need to determine not only the size and landscaping, but also with its location to all of the above conditions have been met.

The most optimal placement side of the winter garden - east. The design in this area will not overheat. Plants will receive the necessary solar energy from the cool of the morning sun.

West side - is also quite acceptable and successful, the second - for optimality. But such a project placement will succumb to excessive heat, especially in summer, so it will require additional watering.

The south side is often considered the most suitable for the placement of the winter garden. This opinion is very deceptive. South house - little use zone for the device of the winter garden. Direct sunlight, especially during summer, contribute to overheat plants. To avoid it is necessary to provide additional ventilation and watering. It should be noted that in the winter time it is in the south garden well and retains heat for a long time.

North. Garden in the side have only in exceptional cases, when there is no other alternative. heat accumulation in this zone the smallest, so you should take care of additional heating system. Sunlight will also do the minimum. Therefore, in this garden planted shade-loving plants.

Useful advice! There is a small winter garden on the balcony possible, even if it is located on the north side. Provide enough sunlight to help fitolampy. Their life of about two years, they are expensive, but consume very little electricity. In this great help plants during photosynthesis.

Attached to the house a winter garden: photos, views, location

Depending on the function and its location, the winter garden has several types.

Buffer - a winter garden, adjoined to the house in a glassed-in terrace or veranda. Mini version - vestibule or a balcony.

Winter garden at a private house - a specially designated room or part of the premises, fully or partially glazed. It can be a living room or dining room.

Greenhouse home - it's uninhabited outbuilding with an artificial microclimate, where cultivated exotic plants.

Rectangular-conservatory extension to the house. Such a design - the most versatile and popular option. Has a transparent property pent roof.

Angular. Green zone can be created by using an extension to the outer corner of the house.

Dvuhfasadnaya extension. This option implies an extension to the inner corner of the house. Another name extension - chetvertpoligon combined with a four or a gable roof.

Trehfasadnaya design - the most effective in terms of lighting. Three walls of outbuildings - glass, and the fourth - this is one of the walls of the main building.

Winter garden may be a structure adjacent to the house or freestanding building connected corridor or glass transition of the main room. Each option affects the design and construction of heating systems, water supply and ventilation. To fully understand the need to examine in detail examples of different designs of houses with conservatory. Photos illustrate this diversity.

Useful advice! The perfect destination for a winter garden in a country house can be a terrace. Its creation is quite simple and does not require large expenditures. You need only set the ventilation and heating. Another simplified variant - a winter garden on the roof, which makes it possible to save on the foundation, but the frame and the roof have yet to build. You also need to consider how to build a ladder.

Features of creation project of the winter garden

There are more than a dozen projects a winter garden, adjoined to the house. Photos show their diversity:

1. Rectangular lean-to extension.
2. Rectangular lean-to extension with a break
3. Rectangular gable extension.
4. Shed the winter garden, adjoined to the inner corner of the house.
5. Shed the winter garden, adjoined to the outer corner of the house.
6. Pent large bay extension to the outer corner.
7. Corner pent odnoerkernaya construction.
8. Pent dvuerkernaya design.
9. Pent odnoerkernaya angular extension.
10. Gable conservatory with bay window.

Pent roof extension has one slope of a roof with a minimum slope of 10 °. Builders are recommended to maintain the angle of at least 25 °, and most optimum - 45 °. Gable roof, as a rule, has two ramp block extension - three or more roof slopes.

Quite common projects conservatories as gazebos, their classification depends on the number of faces and an extension method:

• multi-faceted;

• hexagon;
• trihedral.

The design of the winter garden in a private house

The aesthetic function of the winter garden implies conformity to style. There are several of the most common variants of the styling of the winter garden.

Classic style. It involves the location of the greenhouse in a spacious room, with a variety of plants that grow in the same climate zone. Clear Symmetry, strict design - a distinctive feature of the classics. Element decoration of the garden can be parrots and canaries in cages or pond with fish. The décor are stumps, snags, rocks, small trees.

Japanese style. The presence of free space, good ventilation, conciseness and asymmetry - the main distinctive features of the Japanese winter garden. At the same time the apparent outward simplicity requires a professional approach in its creation.

Hi-tech. Exotic plants, precise geometry. In the design using concrete, metal and composite materials. Such a garden - the perfect complement Office.

Modern. The style was popular at the border of the millennia. Distinctive features - crisp lines, the presence of the air space and a minimum of decoration.

Before you make a winter garden in a private home it is necessary to design - it is time-consuming and most important stage of creation, which includes:

1. Draft stage. When you create a sketch using special software design. The most popular of them - Solid Works, Auto Cad, Pro Ingeneer, 3Ds Max. The sketch shows the number of windows, transoms and hatches.
2. Creating a project - it is clear prorisovyvanie schemes junction of the winter garden to the wall of the house, the size of structures and the alleged material. Planned lighting, shading, heating and water supply. It is necessary to calculate the power of mullions and transoms.
3. At the design stage, directly drawn drawings, according to which it is possible to build a winter garden in a private house with his own hands.

Useful advice!To build a winter garden with his own hands is realistic, having expanded and detailed design, but the creation of a project best left to experienced architects.

Step by step guide of manufacturing the winter garden

How to make a winter garden - the best advice experts give as a professional approach requires not only the design, but also the installation. Following the advice, following clear instructions, you can get the desired result.

Depending on the location of the winter garden to the main room make calculations and pick up materials. The design, which is adjacent, has no more than three general parts of the house. The created extension should not reduce the thermal insulation characteristics of the main room, but rather help reduce heat loss. It depends on the engineering design and materials.

The construction of the winter garden, in addition to construction of the foundation and direct installation support structure includes the following stages:

• glazing and insulation extension;

• Installation of the heating system;
• installation of water supply and irrigation systems;
• wiring and lighting;
• ventilation equipment;
• plant protection from excessive exposure to sunlight;
• selection of plants and garden decoration.

Construction of foundation and installation frame

The foundation of the winter garden - the basis on which depends the strength and durability of the whole structure. Costly part may be the fifth part of the total construction budget.

For such buildings use tape shallow foundation. Ready suitable reinforced or reinforced concrete plate of a thickness exceeding 20 cm. At a depth range of influence of the soil, climate, topography.

The frame of the building can be purchased ready-made. The benefit of modern market offers a variety of models. The installation does not take much time and effort, but it alone can not do here - need the support. Structural parts attached to the special connections in the foundation.

Glazed conservatory in the house

Glass - one of the main materials used in the construction of the winter garden. Still in the design should take into account that this material is quite weighty and can create a certain pressure on the supporting structure, it can also increase the effects of wind and snow.

Expected loads in the joints are calculated according to the same procedure as for metal-glass construction, wherein rack-bolt serves as a link carriers. Thermal characteristics correspond to glazings of residential premises. To produce the calculations used SNIP 2.01.07-85, as amended on 29.05.2003, the

Construction of conservatory implies tracery supporting structures. This can be a problem, especially in temperate regions, where temperature differences throughout the year is 50 ° C and more. Therefore, the vertical supports must create thermal resistance (Rwr, m²K / W) 0.4 (PO 23-101-2004).

These parameters are the design of the single-chamber double-glazed windows, but require a carrier to support the brick side of at least 230 cm, which may adversely affect the light. Will help solve the problem of combination of wood and aluminum.

On line glass wall connection and a pitched roof, you must create additional insulation.

Note! The special attention is required for glazing roof. Pent single-run - the most economical. When choosing glass should take into account the snow load in the region. The angle of slope - at least 20 degrees. It should be noted that stingrays with transitions will create problems when the snow melts.

Heating winter garden

Glass or polycarbonate can accumulate sufficient heat for more than a six-month period - from mid-spring to mid-Autumn. In cold weather you need to take care of the effective heating.

When choosing a method of heating is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the room and type of cultivated plants. If this is a small greenhouse on the balcony, it is sufficient a simple heater, if the winter garden in a private home, then do not do without a heating system.

Heat a greenhouse can be one of several ways.

Electric heaters. Convenient in terms of their mobility, ease of installation and use in case of need. At the same time, the operation leads to significant financial costs. Frequent use of the dry air, which has a negative effect on plants.

Air Conditioners and Heaters UFO. They can be used to adjust the temperature, without overdrying with air, but they are expensive to purchase and to operate.

Water heating is often used for heating of winter gardens and terraces in a private home. Such a system includes a connection to the primary heating system that allows you to maintain a constant temperature, without differences between the living rooms and gardens. This terrace is a great place to enjoy. Location along the walls of the heating pipes to protect the walls and the roof from icing.

Stove heating - is the use of alternative raw materials. Professionally Decorated oven will give a special flavor garden. At the same time, non-uniform distribution of heat may occur, oven requires close attention, because of the high risk of fire.

Air heating is a distillation of the warm air from the heated space or ground through the heater. A low-cost system, but includes additional insulation, the air ducts are quite extensive, and can ruin the appearance.

Heated floor in the garden consuming in the design, installation and connection. Installation should be carried out to the garden arrangement. The system allows you to create the optimum thermal conditions in the garden contributes to the development of the roots.

Useful advice! The combination of several types of heating will create an optimal heating system. Also note that the heating system is closely connected with the ventilation system.

More in step selection of materials should take into account the different coefficient of thermal elongation. Thus, in view of temperature drop to 50 ° C, thermal expansion of aluminum per meter length of 1.2 mm, steel - 0.65, glass - 0.45. These data should be considered in order to avoid deformation. Temperature during assembly should also be taken into account. As the sealing gaskets and sealants are used.

Installation of water supply and irrigation systems in the winter garden

There are many different irrigation systems, which allows for automatic irrigation, using different irrigation regimes in accordance with the need for humidification.

The most popular - automatic drip irrigation system. Is the hose with perforations through which the metered irrigation is carried out. Water falls exclusively to the roots of plants, and special sensors allow you to monitor the soil moisture level.

For water-demanding plants that require irrigation vegetative part, establish special fountains. Devices simultaneously humidify air and serve garden decoration. Excess water must go through the requisite infrastructure drainage system.

Winter garden with a swimming pool does not require additional moisture. Pond with internal circulation and the connected drainage system will provide the necessary circulation of water in the greenhouse.

Wiring and lighting: saving and efficiency

Plants in the cold season and cloudy days experiencing the lack of sunlight, which negatively affects their growth and requires the installation of additional lighting in the winter garden.

To do this, you should not take ordinary incandescent lamps. They do not contribute to photosynthesis, but rather can harm the plants highest excessive heat.

Fluorescent and metal halide lamps are not suitable because of the relatively short life. From the list should be excluded, and sensitive to changes in voltage sodium lamps.

But fitolampy been specially invented as an additional source of light for the plants. They are divided into LED and fluorescent.

Of electricity depends on the functioning of most of the life-supporting systems in the garden, so it is necessary to consider in the design view of the wiring, space connection sockets and bulbs.

Useful advice! For illumination area is 5 m² need 4 metal halide lamp 40 W or only one sodium 250 watts.

ventilation equipment

Winter greenhouse or garden, no matter where they are - in the annex building, a separate building or apartment balcony - requires ventilation. Ventilation may be accomplished in one of two ways.

Natural ventilation by means of plowing vents or windows. The area opened places must be at least a quarter of the area of ​​the walls. It is also considered a natural supply and exhaust ventilation. Fresh air enters through the holes in the walls and through the vents in the roof. Such a system does not cause noise and drafts. It should be remembered that the vent doors can be damaged by the wind.

Mechanical ventilation involves the use of fans for air outflow. In this case, it comes naturally. Such a system requires a connection to the power supply and generates noise.

Protection of the winter garden from the strong solar radiation

Plants can suffer from both a lack and from an excess of sunlight and heat, especially in hot summer. To do this, invented a means of protection from the sun's rays. Blinds and shutters capable detain 40% of light, are self-protection. They are made of cloth, plastic, bamboo or metal alloys.

External protection in the form of tents and marquees prevents the penetration of light up to 90%. They are made of reflective fabric. This protection also prevents excessive heating of the walls.

Plants for the winter garden and decoration

In addition to the heating, lighting and watering, you need to take care of the soil quality, provide it with adequate fertilizer and oxygen enrichment. It is best to use special soil and woody mixture. Choosing plants for the winter garden in a private home should be guided not only taste, but also the ability of coexistence of different species and varieties.

Regardless of size, structure and location of the greenhouse, the combination of colors for the winter garden private home should be a well-written composition, and not be a lack of taste in the form of gatherings pots. Gather in one place the plants from different parts of the world is simply unrealistic, because the representatives of the different types and climatic zones require special conditions.

Greenhouse home requires constant presence just flowering plants, so experienced growers planted the plants, depending on the season.

In winter, prefer primrose, kalanchoe, daffodils and tulips. With the advent of spring further heat hyacinths planted, lily, hydrangea, Pelargonium, Astilbe, schizanthus. In the summer to replace one bulbous others come. Grow well oriental and Asian lilies, begonias, zinnias, perilla, Vinci, Salfit, echinacea. Autumn - time cyclamen, kohii, gomfeny, chrysanthemums. With this approach, the conservatory all year round will be fragrant exotic flowers.

Useful advice!Create several micro-watersheds is very difficult in the winter garden, so it is best to choose a plant belonging to the same category. For example, for tropical plant growth optimum temperature is 22^aboutC, subtropical - 10^aboutFROM.

Winter Garden in the apartment: Rational layout and design

you can create a piece of summer, not only in the house with a yard, but also in the apartment. It's enough to have the desire to efficiently allocate space, filling the space with flowers. Twine plants on the walls will create a vertical garden. Pots can be placed at the bottom and let the stems are drawn up by special supports. If vases, on the contrary, to suspend, then the plants will simply fall down freely.

Light-loving flowers in the apartment is better positioned closer to the windows, creating the background. In the second row from the window is the best place for lush flowering plants. Krupnolistye flowers is better positioned in the third row, and the central portion to provide a large and inviting representatives of fauna.

A winter garden on the balcony or loggia

A spacious balcony or loggia - the best option for accommodation of the winter garden in the apartment. You can put different amounts of ornamental plants, pre-preparing area. Also worth to take care of insulation, heating and additional lighting.

Loggia - a great place to build greenhouses in the apartment. Most importantly, zero temperature and a sufficient amount of light that can provide accommodation in the garden east or west. The south side will allow to grow heat-loving cacti and phlox, and the north - coniferous culture.

Useful advice! Create a conservatory in the house with his own hands can be in any corner or free throughout the apartments, using the extra functionality features of plants. For example, climbing ivy or fern Razlog will be "live" drapery in a bad corner.

Winter Garden - a great place for rest and relaxation. The process of its creation in the private house of a laborious, requires attention and effort. If we consider all the engineering features, the means and the time it is quite possible to create your own private conservatory. In this case, do not neglect the advice of professionals. Create a small garden can be in the apartment with the help of imagination and rational use of the space under the plants that will delight all year round flowers and greenery, recalling the summer.