Which blocks are better for building a house: an overview of a variety of materials

Rapidly developing construction industry constantly demands new technologies and materials. Therefore, many are wondering what the best blocks for the construction of the house, since they are the recently enjoyed the greatest popularity and compete with the long-known high-level brick. The emergence of a new type of masonry materials was mainly due to a desire to speed up the construction process and reduce the complexity of it.

What are the building blocks for the construction of the house: the main types and characteristics

Larger, compared to brick, block sizes make it possible to produce several times faster than the clutch, and their relatively low weight greatly facilitates the work. This quality has given a significant boost when introducing them to the market.

There are several classifications for the building blocks. Depending on the size of the product can be divided into the following groups: small-sized and large-sized. The first group includes products with small size, low strength and heat conductivity. The second group of products will be presented with a large and high strength, as well as insulating medium characteristics.

Better building blocks classified by the type of material used for their manufacture. The main component of all kinds is always concrete. Vary only minor materials and production technology.

The following groups can be distinguished:

• concrete;
• lightweight aggregate;
• Gas silicate;
• aerated concrete;
• foam concrete;
• Polystyrene;
• cinder;
• wood-concrete;
• ceramic.

Defining characteristics and their impact on consumer choice

Considering the more all kinds of blocks for construction, it is necessary to dwell on their main technical characteristics. This density, thermal conductivity, Compressive strength, resistance to frost. They are crucial in choosing the right material. Based on these parameters and dimensions, made the correct calculation of the number of blocks for building a house.

Always worth to think clearly all kinds of work, as the various blocks fit specific goals. You need to navigate on a particular course: it will simply insulation, partition, or a massive support structure. To what kind of construction will apply this material: capital construction in the form of, for example, a home or garage, or a simpler version of a summer shower or outbuildings. And of course another factor: how much are the building blocks for the construction of the house.

Concrete blocks: performance and scope

This kind of block become the first on the production line. It is very common to use, especially where high strength construction. Depending on the grade of concrete used can distinguish the following groups: FBS, FB and the FSF.

There is a national standard, in which the dimensions for the building blocks of clearly regulated. This makes it possible to accurately calculate the costs for the construction of buildings. The above mentioned brands may have a solid structure or longitudinal recesses, designed for laying communications.

The most significant advantage of these types of units is the ease of use. In most cases, they are applicable for the foundation. Thus, it can greatly facilitate the process by using this particular technology. Do not need to pour concrete, thus attracting a lot of extra equipment, will not have to wait while it is hardening, to continue further work.

Price concrete block size 390h190h188 mm, differing only in the number of slits in its structure, is 40 to 55 rubles. / Pc. Smaller 390h80h188 390h90h188 mm and have a value of from 25 to 30 rubles. / Pc.

Lightweight aggregate blocks: properties, advantages and disadvantages

In the manufacture of lightweight aggregate concrete blocks are used as an impurity expanded clay. It is a porous material, manufactured in pellet form by calcining clay. This mixture gave a very unusual properties of new types of units, due to which they have gained due recognition by the consumer.

By varying the amount of filler, in the end block is obtained varying strength. This leads to expansion of the range of application of this material. Most popular density - from 500 to 1800 kg / cm³. The denser the material, so it is more durable and can be used for high-rise buildings.

Construction of houses from blocks of lightweight aggregate concrete has a number of positive qualities. Buildings do not deform, do not shrink, do not crack. Low cost of production is also a plus. The presence of a sufficient amount of starting material and the manufacturing cost is low tech generally provide the maximum benefit from its use.

Note! It is because the production of lightweight aggregate concrete blocks does not require large material costs, many try to make it yourself "artisanal method." Failure to comply with certain standards needed to yield low-quality material and inconsistency for the construction of block sizes. Therefore purchasing this product, it is necessary to ensure the good reputation of the manufacturer.

This block also needs warming surfacing materials, wherein the outer side. This will have a positive effect of increasing the thermal conductivity as well as increase the life of the construction operation.

The price of lightweight aggregate blocks depends on their size and purpose. In the hollow block wall, whose dimensions are 390h190h188 mm, it varies on the average from 33 to 50 rubles. / Pc. and depends on the number of voids, crevices in the material.

Solid block is the most popular size 390h190h188 mm, and its price is slightly higher, about 57 rubles. / Pc. Septal form of this type is most often represented in the amount 390h90h188 mm and the price range is in the range of 25-30 rubles. / Pc.

Gas silicate blocks and the main criteria for their use

Construction of houses from blocks of silicate has become very popular lately. The material itself, concrete is made of cement, quick lime, quartz sand and aluminum powder autoclave method under certain temperature and pressure. In the process of mixing these components, a large amount of hydrogen, which gives the finished product a cellular structure during solidification.

Advantages and disadvantages silicate blocks

Positive qualities gazosilikatnyh following blocks:

• they have a small mass and therefore the building will be much easier than, for example, made of bricks. This property makes it possible to reduce the pressure on the foundation. Means directly skeleton can be scheduled less heavy, it saves money;
• Low thermal conductivity levels will provide a higher temperature indoors;
• a variety of shapes and sizes makes this material demand. Not limited to the specific size ranks, manufacturers are expanding the range of consumption. Also quite popular design with additional recesses and slot connection;

• the large size of silicate blocks for building a house and clear smooth facets significantly accelerate the process of construction;
• use of special adhesive for laying mixtures that are simply diluted with water in a certain ratio, also saves time;
• gas silicate due to its structure can be easily cutting, processing, installation of all kinds of cutting grooves;
• high fire resistance is paramount in matters of security.

Despite a number of positive qualities of the above can be isolated and some negative: the cellular structure of the material provides not only advantages but also disadvantages. It clearly reduces the firmness, the level of compression and tension. Therefore, the maximum number of floors of such buildings should not exceed 2. Otherwise experiencing a heavy load, the lower ranks will begin to break down and shrink. It is not excluded cracks.

Note! To increase the strength of the wall, experts recommend to amplify construction steel reinforcement.

Blocks of this type in the size range 60h25h50 60h25h40 mm and are the average from 30 to 206 rubles. / Pc. The increase in the last parameter increases the price. Dimensions 60h30h10, 60h30h20 60h30h25 and have a cost of 30, 58 and 75 rub. / Pcs. respectively. The most expensive are the most large - 60h37,5h25 mm, which have cost 210-233 rubles / piece.. and 60h40h25 mm - 225-240 rub / pc..

Construction of houses of concrete blocks: Advantages and Disadvantages

Just as in the case of the silicate blocks, construction of aerated concrete begins with determining that you need to get in the end: the main walls, partitions or two-storey solid insulation of existing buildings. Based on the goals, you just need to buy the blocks for the construction of the desired density at home. And also take care of the exterior walls. It must not only provide acceptable appearance of the structure, but also to minimize moisture absorption coefficient.

Aerated concrete blocks manufactured by autoclave. They consist of cement, lime, gypsum and aluminum powder. As is the case with the silicate species, occurs between components of solid components chemical reaction resulting hydrogen is released, due to which the cellular structure obtained material.

Once fully cured aerated concrete cut into desired size blocks for the construction of houses with the help of a string. Therefore, the result obtained is different geometrically perfect flat faces. This is important, since the clutch is very small gaps at the seams, providing an additional percentage of heat.

This type of unit has another attractive feature. Thanks to its special structure, it is easily cut with an ordinary saw. In this way, you can quickly adjust the settings and get the right size aerated concrete block to build a house.

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Pay attention to the markings: the main parameter selection

Aerated concrete blocks are very popular today. Numerous manufacturers offer the option of using this material is not only walls, but also for ceilings, lintels for windows and doors. Large range of sizes makes it possible to build the whole structure of these blocks.

As well as on other types of blocks, aerated concrete products may have mounting holes for easy operation. This connection will provide maximum adhesion and the desired rate of heat conduction.

Choosing the necessary material, pay attention to the markings. It is indicated by the Latin letter D and standing after the figures. These figures indicate the density of the block. Thus, the most useful are brand D500-D900, which, when the amount 600h250h200 mm weighs 18 kg and thus can replace 20 pcs. bricks.

Foam: best value for money

Concrete block relates to cellular types of construction materials. He has all of their quality. It is made from a mixture of concrete and foam concentrate. The foam is prepared in a special generator, and then poured directly into the cement. He envelops and thereby closes all the cells in the structure. After the mixture enters the special cassette and remains harden under the natural ambient temperature. No special thermal effect on the material is not provided.

Note!Foam concrete is necessary "to stand" an average of 28 days from the date of manufacture to finally solidify and obtain the necessary strength.

Many developers say best price for the construction of the house units: buy aerated concrete products can any private developer. At the same time, they make it possible to easily deduce, for example, any shaped arches or walls.

When considering what is best for the construction of blocks of houses: often compared to gas and foam concrete. This question is no single answer, but it is worth considering a few points:

• aerated concrete blocks resemble a sponge. Their pore-cells are not closed, as a result, they actively absorb and retain moisture falling in them. In this regard, concrete blocks with a fully closed and focused exclusively on the inside of the cells are more advantageous position;
• if imbibed moisture still impose minus the ambient temperature, the result is disappointing to obtain aerocrete: it will crack and shrink;
• in foam is less dense, it contains more cells that are filled with air. Therefore, it is much better to retain heat;
• It is used by more professional equipment that makes it possible to have the exact dimensions and correct the edge products for the manufacture of concrete blocks.

Foam concrete blocks, depending on their density in the most popular size 600h300h200 mm has a value of from 95 to 120 rubles. / Pc. Naturally, the material having a high density is the highest bid. If the increase is at least one of the dimensional parameters, for example, to 600h400h200 mm, the price of 120-170 rubles. / Pc.

Which blocks are selected to build a house: advantages and disadvantages of polystyrene

This type of blocks relatively recently appeared on the market of construction materials. He deservedly popular among developers. its following characteristics are important:

• low thermal conductivity;
• soundproofing;
• reliability;
• frost;
• environmental cleanliness.

The manufacturing process takes place in a production environment, and in the home. The mixture of polystyrene granules, cement, sand and additives for solidification is poured into the concrete mixer in a clearly defined sequence stirred. Then poured into a pre-prepared form to pour about a day in the wild. After 24 hours, the blocks can be removed, gently spread out on a flat surface until dry.

All Polystyrene blocks can be divided into two types:

• lined. They do not require additional finishing facade, because one side can be made in the form of stone, marble or granite. The important point is the absence of any additional adhesives. This layer is facing the part - part of the concrete;
• conventional units, which are used for walls. unit cost for construction of the house of polystyrene is about two times less than the cost of a brick.

Polystyrene blocks 600h300h250 mm in size has a price 120-160 rub. / Pcs. Smaller unit size mm 390h190h188 costs 40-50 rubles. / Pc.

Virtually all of the negative aspects of the use of this type of material depends on the correctness of its production. If the blocks were fabricated without strict adherence to the rules, the possibility of shrinkage microcracks is greatly increased.

In addition to this you must add special fibers, to come out as a result of a durable product. If these fibers to save money is not very justified himself unit. All this must be taken into account when buying.

Especially the quality of the slag and its application in industry cinder

The product obtained after a severe heat treatment of a raw material called slag. It is an alloy oxides. When the slag used for the production of concrete blocks take the material without any additional chemical compounds.

It is important to properly prepare the slag for use. He should stay in bed for six months under the open sky. This will allow the natural precipitation to wash the remaining amount of sulfur impurities and lime. It will be good if it multiple times will move from place to place. Such action will also help sifting all unnecessary.

Production of slag concrete blocks takes place using slag sand (it gives additional density) and crushed stone (provides additional ease). The finished product about 2/3 and 1/3 of cement lime plus the necessary amount of slag.

Subject to all the necessary standards and requirements, the price for a house of blocks will be very acceptable. Get a good quality-price ratio.

The main characteristics of the data blocks is considered to mark its strength and density. Allocate the following brands:

• M10 - used for thermal insulation;
• M25 and M 35 - suitable for the erection of walls of low load-bearing capacity;
• M50 and above are used for the construction of load-bearing walls.

The pros and cons of breeze blocks

Advantages cinder blocks before bricks are relatively lightweight. Creates minimal pressure on the foundation, and other supporting structures. Thereby prolongs the life of buildings. Like other types of units, they significantly accelerate the process of construction, due to its size.

Cons can be distinguished even at the production stage: a long time to prepare the material itself, and for a long time to achieve the desired hardening exponent. Only a month later it reaches only 50% of this value. For full compliance with it will need a year.

cinder blocks used for the interior walls have 390h90h190 mm in size and cost 17-35 rubles. / pc. For buildings used for various purposes Product size 390h240h190 mm, the material has voids camera and costs 50-80 rubles. / Pc. For objects with a high load using a one-piece material size 390h190h190 value 35-80 mm and rub. / Pc. Cinder blocks with the same size and with different numbers of cameras are used for the construction of exterior walls of houses. They are about 34-55 rub. / Pcs.

Eco-friendly wood-concrete blocks

Wood-concrete blocks are a group of building blocks. They consist of 80% wood. Unchanged in the composition of all the blocks is cement and various chemical additives. For the manufacture of wood should be well dried properly, add chemicals to stop the process in organic matter and to better bonding between the main components.

Arbolit can be produced in the form of blocks, slabs, panels and solutions for pouring monolithic surfaces. All this can be used to create walls and insulation.

They have a number of benefits: thermal protection at home, high sound insulation performance, environmentally friendly composition, have a small weight and do not give a full load on the foundation, easy to process and in the construction of small sizes can be used without reinforcement.

Outs of the subject blocks is the need for a mandatory lining, because the material itself is not very priglyadny appearance. One should always pay attention to the producer, because many wood processing factories engaged in this type of work. Since this process for them is not a profile, then the quality of it is worth considering.

Features installation in wood-concrete blocks are not many. Laying is performed in block 1-1.5, is used an ordinary cement slurry used valve can be optional. Experienced builders are advised to make breaks to dry every 3 rows, since the blocks are very light.

This environmentally friendly material in value occupies one of the highest positions. Wood-concrete block size 150h200h500 mm has a cost about 60 rubles / pc, 200h200h500 mm -.. 80 rubles / pc.. and 300h200h500 mm - 120 rubles / pcs..

Solomennobetonnye units: whether to be afraid of?

Separate type wood-concrete blocks are solomennobetonnye blocks. This is a new product that is ideally suited followers of environmentally friendly materials. Their production has not yet been delivered widely, many are skeptical, however, your customer they already have.

In the manufacture of straw bales is important to be sure to take into account the quality of raw materials. Straw should be, first, a certain type, and secondly, perfectly dry. The quality of the drying depends on all further construction technology. If the material contains even the smallest amounts of moisture, it will not be possible to avoid rotting, flowering, reproduction of harmful microorganisms.

Useful advice! This type of unit is used only for frame buildings. After all, no matter how much chopped straw filled with cement, it will still be soft building material.

Nevertheless, they have a very long life, and buy straw blocks for construction can be at very affordable prices.

Construction of houses from blocks of ceramic

This type of units in their own interest. Depending on the materials constituting the product can be divided into two types: Porous and neporizovannye. The composition of the first group includes clay, waste foam and cellulose. Secondary additives by heat burn, which subsequently appear in the microscopic pores of the finished block structure, which provides greater insulation.

Neporizovannye blocks do not contain any additives. Therefore, they are heavier in weight and have less heat insulation. Both groups possess high levels of physical and technical characteristics. Good thermal efficiency, insulation, environmental friendliness, ease of installation is also characterized by the ceramic units.

They can be used for the construction of high-rise buildings, construction of interior partitions are suitable for complex architectural problem. Pottery on the properties do not require additional cladding, heat and waterproofing. This significantly reduces the cost estimates, due to the exclusion of many other materials.

A special feature is the acquisition of laying keramoblokov special glue without fail. Slurry has a very fluid consistency which fill pores and block all thereby minimizes many of its beneficial qualities. A special glue with a thickness of 2 cm is capable of providing bond strength, and bring no harm.

The second point to keep in mind is the use of bandaging of vertical joints of fiberglass mesh. She laid every 2 rows.

ceramic block has the following dimensions and cost: 25h120h65 mm - 12 rubles / pc, 250h120h140 and 250h120h140 mm - 17 rubles / pc, 250h250h140 and 80h500h219 mm - 45 rubles / pc, 150h50h219 mm - 60 rubles / pc.... and 510h95h219 mm - 67 rubles / piece..

Construction of non-residential premises of the blocks

To date, very popular is the construction of the blocks not only accommodation, but also, for example, street pantries, summer shower or garage.

Let us consider briefly the highlights of the last construction. Most often goes its own building. Therefore it is necessary to immediately determine which blocks are better for building a garage? It should be noted that any type of suitable in principle. It is necessary to evaluate all the pros and cons and choose the most suitable option for themselves.

Garage of foamed or aerocrete must always be reinforced during construction. This will give the desired density. Do not avoid and walls, and immediately after construction. Since the porous structure is subjected to gain moisture and frost that will soon bring many problems.

During the construction of the slag or keramzitoblokov action a little different. Then do not use Laying nets, but just spread up the top row of holes. Subsequently, these voids are filled with gravel or concrete. Thus obtained reinforced concreted structure.

In all cases, pay special attention to plinth. The most appropriate would be to lay out the first few rows of sturdy red brick. A slightly different version: already exposed formwork is filled with concrete.

Note! Before the start of construction Always be aware of the quality of soil. After the evaluation of the soil foundation choose the correct option.

Building of a bath out of the blocks: a brief guide

Construction bath of concrete blocks is a good alternative to wooden buildings. Taking into account the individual features of the structure, pick the right kind of products.

The most useful and Foam aerated concrete blocks from their cellular structure will strongly absorb moisture. So we have to spend no small financial and labor costs reinforced waterproofing of walls on both sides.

Finishing block walls made from two sides. Outside used wooden crate, in which the cell stack layers of heat, steam and waterproofing. Since the room - a place vlagoobrazovaniya maximum, you should consider options slag or keramzitobloka.

Construction begins with the foundation. Advantageous to use tape with monolithic concrete blocks which are laid on a bed of crushed stone and sand. At the very foundation prostilaetsya layer of roofing material. He will play the role of waterproofing.

Determine which blocks are better for building baths, their masonry is carried out in rows with obligatory linking. Here it is best to use a special adhesive solution. This will provide an opportunity to keep warm. The most common styling wide polbloka, which is quite advantageous as regards efficiency.

After the erection of the walls need to think about strengthening the quality of the roof. To enhance mounting systems use special beam, which is attached to the block wall using metallic pins or anchors. This will allow the block walls reinforced to withstand the load.

Which blocks are better for building a house: the correct calculation of the material

During the construction of any premises is necessary to choose units based on several criteria:

• determine the most appropriate type of characteristics;
• quality of the material;
• justified and cost-effective price.

Considering what the best blocks for building houses, their price plays an important role. Picking the right quality material, any developer to strive to do their job the most profitable in the material sense. The value of units directly affect the dimensions for the building blocks.

Here come to the aid familiarity with prices supply companies and, of course, the correct calculation of the necessary amount of material that can be done using the online calculator. Calculation blocks to build a house in this case is valid and correct. To do this, you must enter the required parameters of the program.

You can settle on their own, using this formula:

V = (F x H x L) - S₁ - S₂,

where P - perimeter of the base, H - height of the walls, L - wall thickness, S₁ - the area of ​​the doorways, S₂ - the area of ​​the window openings.

Using this equation one can calculate the necessary volume units. Dividing this amount by the volume of one structural element can easily find out the right amount of material.

In the construction of houses made of bricks and blocks at the same time we must take into account both the number of individual materials. Having spent all the necessary calculations, it is possible to buy units for the construction of the house without any problems.

From all the above, that in order to obtain high quality of construction is necessary to correctly determine with the required material, correctly calculate the amount of it and it has paid the price. It should be remembered that each type of unit has its pros and cons. A specific answer to the question of which option is best, can not be. Everything is determined by the specifics of the construction and its purpose.