Finishing basement private house: how to build long-lasting protection

Cap is one of the most important parts of the building. This kind of support that is subjected to constant negative influence of the environment. Finishing basement private house not only gives it an aesthetic appearance, but also protects it from the adverse factors. Therefore, building materials must be water-resistant, frost-resistant, reliable and durable.

Why finish basement private house

Much of the foundation of the building is below ground level and hidden from view. Protruding above ground level part is called the cap. According to the norms, bottom section height from the ground should not be less than 20 cm. It is performed generally of brick, stone or concrete slabs.

The construction of the stone base is the most practical solution, since the structure does not require additional finishing. However, it is worth considering that this is the most expensive way. Masonry plinth of brick is more affordable. This material is environmentally friendly, has low thermal conductivity and good strength characteristics.

Facing the cap at home is not only an aesthetic character. It is a reliable protection of buildings against external influences. Finishing materials to be used for covering the cap must have a high level of strength. Together with the cap, it will be facing the stress posed wall structure of the building and evenly distribute it on the foundation construction. It must withstand a pressure cap and protect from the effects of external factors, such as precipitation, sunshine, humidity, temperature fluctuations.

Finishing material protects the foundation structure of the defeat of mold, fungi and various types of insects. Facing the cap is carried out with the aim of building insulation. It is also necessary to protect the foundation from the severe frost could cause the erosion of its strength is reduced and the process develops.

If you leave the cap surface without skin, it will contribute to its slow destruction in by constant exposure to dry or liquid mud containing corrosive chemicals and mineral substances.

Various finishes basement private house, photo amply bear this out, turn the building into a masterpiece of design art, making it a kind of complete and unique.

Varieties of basement structures

Distinguish the main variations of designs that are used for projects of houses with base:

• protruding beyond the surface of the walls;
• flush with the building;
• sink, to the wall.

Most often in the construction of a private house, a photo base home clearly confirm this, use the first two options. Speaker socket is recommended, when the house is being built by a thin outer walls, heat is used underground or in a building basement provided. In these cases, this type of cap will provide additional building insulation.

If you run the basement of the building on a par with that for its construction using the thin walls, inevitable occurrence of dampness and condensation indoors. Here, the most difficult to install insulation and perform finishing.

Important!Choosing these types of base should be to take care of the arrangement of low tide.

Pedestal sinks less damaged by the influence of an atmospheric precipitation. Here you can easily hide the waterproofing, insulation and equipped with the necessary materials to perform the trim, which contributes to longer service life. This type of cap is recommended for buildings without a cellar. Finishing materials for the cap will perceive soil pressure, performing a supporting function, thereby maintaining the safety of the whole structure.

The procedure for work on the house trim cap

All work on the facing of the plinth designs are carried out at the final stage of production - exterior finish of the building. Work perform better in warm dry weather. Sheathing base consists of the following steps that are performed in sequence:

1. Digs a trench depth of 20 cm, 50 cm wide around the perimeter of the building.
2. Filling the space with gravel for drainage. In addition, the trench can be reinforced using reinforcing mesh.
3. The surface of the walls, the height of 50-70 cm for the future base is cleaned of dirt and processed hydrophobizing. If necessary, removed all the irregularities.
4. Construction of thermal insulation.
5. Decorative facing cap.

Selection of the lining material and a method of stacking is dependent on the design of the cap and the method of its reflux.

Construction of timetable for the plinth foundation

should set the tide for the protection cap from the negative effects of precipitation, which is fixed on cap protruding portion, and is a kind delimiter between the base and the building wall structure. One part is in contact with the wall at an angle, and the other hangs over the foundation, cover it, collecting rainwater and melt water.

Tides for the cap are strap size of 50-400 mm. Select color, size and shape of the tides should be, depending on the finish of the foundation material. Weatherproof design can be made independently, using waterproof materials, and you can buy low tides for the foundation plinth as a finished product in any hardware store.

industry today produces several varieties of castings:

• plastic;
• metal;
• concrete;
• clinker.

low tide Type selected on the basis of the finishing material for the facade of the building. The most successful plastic tides combined with vinyl siding, which is used for cladding buildings. Due to the wide range of colors, you can choose the most acceptable option. The use of concrete or clinker timetable for base preferable for the buildings, which are lined with natural stone or brick. Metal sunshields may be used with any kind of fabric.

variety of castings

The most budget embodiment is the use of polyvinyl chloride plastic tides. Product cost is 50 rubles. 1 PM Despite the high rate of water resistance, low tides exhibit increased sensitivity to physical pressure, especially in winter, when the slightest shock they may crack and crack.

Useful advice!Because plastic tides have increased brittleness, preference should be given stronger and more expensive products.

The most robust and durable tides are made of metal: steel, copper or aluminum. Installation of products is convenient and easy, and is determined by the fitting metal strips to the walls of the building using screws and dowels. Choosing the material from a large assortment of species, should be given special importance aesthetic kind products that it created a complete the total design of the building. Product price starts from 100 rubles / rm.

Useful advice!Mounting a plinth tides, straps should be positioned overlapping one another by no less than 30 mm. To avoid damage to the protective layer of the article that will lead to corrosion and degradation of the material should not cut the strap.

Metal tides are manufactured from quality of cement and frost M450 supplemented with river sand, crushed stone and granite plasticizers. The solution was poured into a silicone mold different geometric parameters. The result is an even and smooth product. Mounted on data tides special solution.

Ebb for the cap base, the price of which is the most high and start at 200 rubles. 1 PM, - a product made of ceramic tiles. This material has a high strength characteristics, protects the building from negative influence of the environment and successfully emphasizes cladding design.

tides mount technology

After selecting the low tide it is possible to start the installation. It should take into account not only the material from which the flow, but also the design features of the building. So, for a wooden house suitable elements that will be secured by screws or other fasteners. Since the timber has a low adhesion and avoid damp, the use of adhesive compositions is impractical.

For buildings made of brick or stone cladding can be applied flows, which will be secured by plastic or cement-adhesive mortars.

Useful advice!When using concrete or ceramic tides, their installation should be carried out simultaneously with the lining of the base and walls.

If you want to install is already on the ebb trimmed facing material building, then it is better to use a metal or vinyl elements.

Before installing the flashings need to perform the sealing joints of the walls with a cap. All cracks and crevices should be treated with a mixture of water-repellent, or repaired with sealant. Next, using a level to partition wall. Determined by the highest point of the cap and draw a horizontal line along which is mounted the top of the tide. Part of the foundation that performs necessary via screed compared with the horizontal plane. It will build the lower part of the low tide.

Important!The plane of the low tide to the wall must be placed with a slope of 10-15%.

Installation of metal and plastic ebbs

Installation of tide should start from the corner using special corner pieces that can be purchased together with strips of the same width and color. Next, you need to finish all the speakers of the building structure: columns, pilasters, and others.

Related article:

Ebb plinth foundation: features selection and installation

What materials are used for the low tide. Which one is better to choose and in any case. Installation of low tides.

At the top of reflux using a drill holes are drilled at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other. Further, the element is applied to a previously scheduled line on the wall at home and dowels with screws attached to it. The lower part of the tide with the help of dowel-nails fixed to the concrete base of the plinth with a pitch of 40-50 cm. The junction with the wall to be low tide seal putty or silicone composition.

Important!During low tide, the installation should take into account that it should at 2-3 cm protrude cap, which will ensure better protection ground floor during precipitation.

After plating all angles and protruding elements should be attempting to install flashings on the straights. You must start from one of the corners. Each next element to be laid overlapping a previous not less than 3 cm. All joints should be sealed to prevent moisture penetration.

Installation of concrete and clinker tide

Ebb of clinker and concrete should be mounted on the stage of the tiling of the facade of the building, because they fit in size during installation is a time consuming process.

These kinds of low tide is best combined with such facing materials like brick, granite, Clinker tiles, natural or fake diamond. Anchorages should apply a special adhesive compound for ceramics and stone, which is designed for outdoor work. It is purchased as a dry mixture, created on a cement or polymer-based, and using water adjusted to a thick cream. The solution can be made independently from the cement, mortar sand in the ratio 1: 3 or 1: 4.

Installation of concrete and clinker ebbs and begins with the angle. In order to avoid complex processing concrete ebbs, they should be placed in advance so as to minimize cutting. This can be achieved by using a properly sized seam size between the elements. Adjust the size of clinker products can, using tile cutter or grinder with a diamond-cut circle.

adhesive mixture is applied to the back side of each element. Ebb secured strictly through planned earlier. After waiting a while for setting the solution to the casting joints between the elements applied mastic or silicone sealant. After complete curing the adhesive can be carried facing walls of a building.

Waterproofing plinth foundation

The plinth of the building is always in difficult conditions. He takes a significant load on the aboveground part of the building and is in contact with the external environment, while under the influence of moisture. To protect an important part of the house from demolition is necessary to provide a number of activities, one of which is the arrangement of the waterproofing of the foundation plinth.

Waterproofing may be horizontal and vertical. Typically, the complex of works, which includes both methods. Horizontal waterproofing is performed before the erection of walls and is aimed at protecting them from moisture. However, to provide a full range of protective measures, it is necessary to perform as a waterproofing between the foundation and the plinth.

Vertical waterproof protection aims to prevent the negative impact of surface water and groundwater in the brick or concrete. Such isolation may be external and internal. The best effect has a two-way protection from moisture.

Today, the construction of buildings primarily used pile foundations. Here plinth not only plays a decorative role, but also protects the house from heat loss. Despite the fact that this element is not a carrier and has no direct effect on the durability, waterproofing base is performed necessarily.

Materials for waterproofing the outside of the cap

As materials used for waterproofing of the foundation plinth widely used obmazochnye, roll and injectable formulations penetrating action.

To protect the foundation from the effects of groundwater is often used roll waterproofing that can weldable or papered. Surfaced insulation consists of a base in the form of glass fiber, polyester or fiberglass and applied mastic. Okleechnaya waterproofing of the foundation surface fit using bituminous mastic which initially applied to the web material and the monolith, then the element is glued, pressed and smoothed.

The main advantage of the web material waterproofing base plate is its low cost and high speed of installation. However, this type of waterproofing poorly resists mechanical stress and has a small period of service. It can not be used in places of passage or junction communication. Before installation, clean the surface from dust and dirt, and dry thoroughly.

As lubricative bituminous waterproofing materials used, the polymer, bitumen-polymer mastics, adhesives and cement plaster coatings which are applied to the surface of the foundation with a brush or a roller. This type of insulation used in backwater water to 2.6 kgf / cm².

Useful advice!To provide increased strength of the seal section after the first layer of mastic, it is recommended to reinforce fiberglass surface and to apply subsequent layers on top of it.

The material has a low cost and can be applied to any surface configuration. However, it is not durable, requires preparatory work and the establishment of additional protection against mechanical impact.

The use of penetrating compositions and injecting a high technology construction waterproofing. Penetrating material is applied to the wet surface of the concrete base. Reacting with water, the composition is converted into crystals, which penetrate into the pores of the concrete, making it waterproof. The penetration depth reaches 150-250 mm.

Injection waterproofing is carried out with a liquid solution which is injected under pressure into the cracks and pores of the structure stitches. This method can be used for the waterproofing of construction rubble and brick. Using this sealing is very labor-intensive process that requires purification construction to concrete or brick, and the complexity of the execution of the works themselves requires the involvement of an experienced wizard. In addition, such insulation is the most expensive.

Features waterproof plinth of bricks

Ceramic brick is most often used for the construction of the cap. Apparatus its waterproofing can be carried out by various methods.

full-bodied red brick can be used for walls. This building material has passed the processing factory, where it has been pre-applied waterproofing layer. Therefore, applying the bricks for the construction of buildings, exterior waterproofing can not equip. Despite the fact that the cost of the material is relatively high, these costs are offset by the fact that after the bricklaying other work is not required.

A further method for the waterproofing of brick base is the use of a bitumen lubricant, which is applied in multiple layers in the cold or hot.

Important!Using bituminous materials, it is important to strictly observe temperature. If overheating lubricant coating with poor quality will form blisters, cracks and bubbles.

The traditional way is to use roofing waterproofing. it is recommended to cover this material at least 4-5 layers of brick base.

One of the new construction technology is the use of penetrating the active waterproofing two-component composition, which fills all the cracks and pores of the plinth followed by crystallization. This is the most reliable hydroprotection plinth brick with a minimum thickness of coating material.

How to insulate basement outside the house with his own hands

Insulate the foundation plinth outside, providing protection from moisture and cold not only the interior space, but also of protecting designs. However, to achieve a good result, a heater for the cap should be:

• durable and flexible, so that, taking the mechanical effects, remain intact;

• moisture-proof;
• easy to avoid creating an additional burden on the base of the building;
• durable;
• resistant to chemical attack.

Important!Picking up the heating material, it should be noted that its application should not compromise the integrity of the building construction technology.

The main features of arrangement of external insulation for strip foundation:

1. Insulation is placed not only on the above-ground part of the building, but also the one that is under the ground a depth of about 50-80 cm. For this perimeter home routed trench depth of 80 cm and a width of 1 m.
2. drainage pipes are laid for insulation protection from the effects of groundwater on the bottom of the trench.
3. On the base wall with a layer of liquid waterproofing using polymeric compositions or bitumastic.
4. After complete drying of the waterproofing layer is carried out assembling the heat-insulating material.

All of the above operations, except for digging trenches, and also performed for warming cap-screw pile foundation.

Materials for thermal insulation on the outside of the foundation plinth

The materials used for thermal protection of the base of the building must meet certain requirements: reliable protection, durability, quick and easy installation, reasonable cost.

Based on stated requirements, one of the most fuel-efficient and affordable alternative is insulation insulation extruded polystyrene base. It is durable, moisture resistant, cold-resistant and acid-resistant material, which has a small thickness and weight which simplifies its installation. Plates produced thickness 3-10 cm. If the maximum thickness is not sufficient, then the insulation is installed in two layers. However, it should be noted that the material has a flammability G1-G4, so after installation you want to trim the cap non-combustible materials.

Useful advice!For topical application should be selected plate with flame retardant impregnation (T1-T2).

Rarely used for insulation cap spraying polyurethane foam. This is due to the fact that this embodiment for performing thermal protection requires the use of special equipment, certain chemical components and skilled workers. The method consists in the fact that the polyurethane foam is sprayed on any surface. Expanding, it penetrates into all the voids and securely engaged with the base to form a dense coating. This material can be used not only for spraying, but also to fill certain voids and spaces.

Technology insulation foundation plinth outside Penoplex own hands

In the preparatory step is to prepare the surface of the foundation, by clearing it from the old insulation, dirt and dust. The following equip waterproofing layer for protecting structures from rain, snow and ground waters. Under penoplex fits any kind of waterproofing, with the exception of compounds with organic ingredients.

Work begins with insulation of underground part of the foundation. To this end ROE plate fastened by a dedicated contact adhesive, which is applied on the products and the perimeter to the center. The second level should be stacked with joints between slabs Extension relative to the lower level. After installation, all the cracks are filled with foam.

A layer of insulation cap Penoplex, requires additional protection from mechanical damage. For this purpose, the plates secured alkali resistant reinforcing mesh which subsequently render over solution with hydrophobic additives. Also, as a security, you can use wood Chippers, which are attached to the plates with dowels, nails. Wood preliminarily to be subjected to antiseptic, antiperennoy and hydrophobic treatment.

The final step is to finish the plinth facing materials.

Facing the cap at home: what material is best to choose

Finishing cap with his hands to perform various materials which effectively protect and decorate its surface. This process must be performed before the lining of the walls to be able to hide under tides finishing material for walls.

Material for lining cap should have the following performance characteristics:

• have a low thermal conductivity to prevent heat loss from the building;
• providing a sturdy and strong adhesion to the substrate;
• possess high strength and wear resistance to mechanical damage;
• have a low hygroscopicity and a vapor permeability to prevent moisture penetration into the foundation and wall panels.

Today, when the question than to finish basement at home, the following materials which fully meet the above requirements:

• clinker or stoneware tiles;
• natural or artificial stone;
• brick;
• PVC siding panel or ground;
• Profiled sheet;
• decorative plaster or mosaic.

For lining plinth strip foundation can use any decorative material. But when the question arises, you close the socket at home on screw piles, it is necessary to give preference to the brickwork, siding or trapezoidal sheet.

Before you decide what to decorate the outside of the house basement, you need to consider some nuances:

• oblitsovyvaya thick cap material over the protruding part of it is necessary to set the tide;
• Wishing to expand the foundation, make better use of brickwork;
• mounting the siding or corrugated board, to preset frame, which space can be filled with a heat insulator for additional insulation of the foundation;
• frame-facing technology allows operation at any time of the year.

Using plaster for wall socket

When there is a question: what inexpensively decorate the basement at home, the answer is obvious - use plaster. However, this option is less durable, besides not aesthetically pleasing. Such a lining can be easily damaged by any mechanical impact and do not provide adequate protection cap on external factors. However, this method is very popular due to its low cost. Also, it is acceptable in the case of the construction of the plinth of brick on strip foundations.

Plastering itself is not the final stage. To protect the layer against moisture and environmental influences on it should be applied acrylic, alkyd, silicone paint, with water-based or oil composition, which in turn decorates basement. Photos home decorating demonstrates various uses of plaster.

Useful advice!For coloring base is not recommended to use enamel paints. They do not leak air, and are environmentally unsafe.

Often used decorative plaster, which creates an effect coat and can be colored using a dye. Application of mosaic plaster on the surface to create a colorful mosaic that is due to the presence of small crumbs in the composition of the starting mixture. The presence of the resin as a binder, the composition imparts improved water resistance.

To solve the problem, how to make a plinth around the house with his own hands with the natural stone effect, help use a special silicone stamp with which impressions are made on the plastered surface.

The use of stone for facing the cap

In the first place in terms of environmental performance and refinement is worth finishing natural stone plinth. This is the most expensive material, however, it creates a more durable, wear-resistant, resistant to handling and durable coating having presentable.

As used stone granite, marble, sandstone, and limestone, which is produced in the form of tiles. The material is laid on cement. Stone plinth home can be matte, polished or rough surface. Before stacking, the back side of the porous material water repellent composition is further processed to improve waterproofing properties.

Wild stone plinth has a considerable weight, which increases the load on the foundation. There must also create a wired connection and foundation drainage cushion.

Despite the fact that the cladding natural stone plinth does not require strict compliance with the distances between the individual elements, it is very time-consuming and lengthy process, which requires additional costs for finishing sets mortar joints.

Alternative to expensive natural material is the use of artificial stone plinth. This material is available as a concrete slab, the surface decorative layer which simulates natural stone. Thanks to modern technology turns a solid, reliable, frost-resistant and water-resistant facing stone for the cap, which, compared with natural stone has a lower weight and more affordable price.

For finishing Cap artificial stone material should be chosen more than three combined colors that will look more like natural stone. Large items should be interspersed with small, rough For uniform masonry - smooth.

The package of materials for lining of artificial stone plinth necessarily include dewatering gutters that protect the material from peeling off from the base after the frost. Assembly of products made in the same manner as the laying of natural stone. However, it is possible to do without increasing the cap surface.

Clinker facing tile plinth

Paving tile base performs two functions: protection, protecting the insulation and the outer wall the foundation of precipitation and mechanical effects, and decorative, giving the building aesthetic and noble appearance.

The main advantages of the material is the mechanical strength, improved water resistance, resistance to aggressive environments that bring the product to natural stone and porcelain stoneware in its operational characteristics. However, to buy a tile for the base of clinker can be at a lower and a reasonable price.

This material can be used not only for the base of the house. Tile veneered walls and corners of the building. Due to the wide range of shades, you can create a true masterpiece that will markedly stand out among other buildings.

Installation of tiles base can be accomplished by using a framing system, where it is possible to provide styling Additional insulation material layer, or affix it to the surface foundation using frost glue.

Price Tile plinth at home depends on the country of manufacture and brand. The most popular are Germany, Poland and Spain. The average cost is 1,500 rubles / sqm.

The use of ground siding and sheeting

Finishing plinth siding today is one of the cheapest options. Due to the small weight and a special mounting technique, the material is easy to assemble. It does not require special care, it is characterized by reliability, resistance to weathering and mechanical influences, frost resistance, wear resistance and durability. Saydingovye plates reliably protect the foundation from moisture.

Manufacturers also produce angular elements. Large range of designs allows you to trim base panels under the stone, wood, brick, mosaic tiles. Mounting of the panels is carried out using a wooden or metal battens, which is fastened with screws facing material. This provides ventilation between the insulation and siding, and prevents the accumulation of condensate. Between a plate connected by the hinge self-locking fastening system.

Saydingovye panel equipped with the necessary shaped materials, such as corners, starting and finishing strips, which makes their installation easy and convenient.

Siding sheathing can be only vertical. material not used for the horizontal sections. Therefore, if the speaker is coated on the foundation plinth, the protrusion should be installed low tide.

In private homes it is widely used finishing trapezoidal sheet base. The material has a high index of water resistance, is resistant to temperature fluctuations, durable, easy to process and can be easily mounted on a wooden lath. However, the decking is not suitable as a finishing material for wooden buildings in connection with the fact that it is subject to corrosion by moisture, which can lead to decay wood.

Profiled sheets are often used for decoration of the cap-screw pile foundation, which should be closed for reliable weather protection.

Features of the use of brick for the trim cap

One expensive finishing materials is brick. However, having high strength and performance characteristics, it allows to create a strong, reliable and durable protection. This material is suitable for any kind of foundation. For masonry, use a slotted, hollow, ceramic or brick hyperpressed. Works start at the base of everything under the brickwork.

If the bricks used for the construction of the base, it does not require additional finishing. However, it should choose high-quality material to immediately solve two problems: utilitarian, protecting the wall of the house from outside influences and aesthetic, giving the building a decorative look. In deciding which brick plinth foundation is better, it is necessary to give preference to red bricks, resistant to corrosion.

In the case of the cap finishes the screw pile foundation via the brickwork, it is necessary to install the base as a strip of reinforced concrete or metal profile. bricklaying occurs with ligation. For compounds of elements used cement-sand mortar. The thickness of the seam is 10-12 mm.

Facing the cap of a private house is important, so you should pay careful attention to the choice of material for the work. It acts not only as a decorating element, but also a reliable protection of the building from weathering and mechanical factors.