Construction of various buildings - the topic is so "beaten" that almost all articles that deal with such issues look like twin sisters, with the same structure and similar recommendations( only with slight differences in nuances).But is there any sense to explain to a person who has decided to build something on his own, how to dig a trench correctly, to produce a kneading solution, in which hand to hold a hammer?
Probably, for the reader it will be much more useful to have analytical material that gives tips and advice that will help answer a number of questions - from which it is more expedient to build a barn at the dacha, by what scheme, on what foundation and the like. Let's try together to understand the specifics of the structure( with their own hands) of the country barn. A definition of the optimal option - a personal matter for everyone.
Features of the choice of scheme and materials
Place of construction
The dacha is, first of all, beds and fruit bushes, trees. Therefore, to choose a segment for construction follows on the part of the territory that is either not used too often( intensively), or if it is possible to release it under the erection of the shed without significantly affecting the overall layout.
Dimensions of the structure
Practice shows that the most acceptable dimensions of the shed along the perimeter - within 2.5 x 3 m, not more. This is quite enough to organize storage of inventory, storage of collapsible structures( for example, swings, frame mini-pools) and so on. It is unlikely that any of the truckers will equip this subsidiary building under the workshop or something else if some small carpentry( metalwork) work can be done on a small bench in the open air.
Even if the owners live on the site year-round, then in this case, to build a large shed does not make sense. Most of the typical summer cottages are only about 6 - 8 acres. On them, except for a residential building, it is necessary to equip an autonomous source of water supply( and closed type, for example, a well with a "house"), install a septic tank, equip parking for a personal car. It turns out that there is almost no place for a large barn, because if it is a dacha, and not just a territory, then there are plantations + beds on the plot.
Construction scheme
Configuration
There are no architectural features there - an ordinary box with a door and a pair of windows.
Roof
Flat, single-sided. So that water does not stay on it, and when snow thaws, the recommended minimum slope is 5º.For a small summer cottage to install a rafters system and build a gable( especially broken) roof does not make sense. Moreover, it is much more difficult to do this with our own hands, and not every summer resident will be able to perform the necessary calculations independently. Plus - additional costs for materials.
Internal arrangement of
This question should be thought through to the smallest detail. The task is to place in the small structure the maximum of everything that is needed in the farm. The only solution is the rational arrangement of various racks, shelves, hooks on the walls and even the ceiling.
The foundation of the country barn
What should be used when choosing the type of foundation:
- Minimum excavation. Firstly, the site is planted, so the damage to the root system can not be avoided. Secondly, the limited free space, and the ground taken out somewhere must be stored.
- Low cost. It is hardly reasonable to spend a lot of money on the construction of a garden shed, in fact - stanchions.
Materials for the construction of the shed
Brick
Such a construction is the most durable. But there are disadvantages, which for the country plot make this option a little acceptable.
First, theoretically, many people can lay clutch. But when it comes to practice, the number of "craftsmen" is sharply reduced. Means, it is necessary to pay for someone's services.
Secondly, if you take the average price for 1 brick in 16 rubles and multiply by their number( taking into account the fight, which is inevitable during transportation), the amount turns out to be fair. To this should be added and cement, which can not be called cheap. In addition, and will have to purchase other materials - sand, gravel( crushed stone).
Thirdly, it is necessary to organize a small building / site, which will create certain problems in a small garden plot.
Wood
Frame construction from the beam is assembled quite quickly. It remains only to sew it with the appropriate materials - a board, OSV, MDF or similar products.
- Pros - cheap, the ability to perform all operations with their own hands, a little weight.
- Cons - it is necessary to constantly process the wood with special tools( fire retardants, antiseptics) and stain. Therefore, such an option, however attractive it may be, will require certain costs for the maintenance of the building.
Honeycomb concrete
Gas silicate as an option disappears immediately. It absorbs moisture quite intensively, and it will be necessary to invest a lot of money for high-quality finishing of such a shed, since there is no heating in it. But foam concrete fits perfectly.
- Advantages - low cost of blocks;simple technology;Finishing with plaster.
Polymer materials
When it comes to a barn, such products are somehow not taken into account. However, this is one of the cheapest options for erecting a light-type building. In fact from the same cellular polycarbonate good and convenient in operation greenhouses, arbours, verandas are under construction. This material is also suitable for a shed, especially since for the installation of such a structure it is possible to confine ourselves to a support frame( mounted from a bar), which plays the role of a base. And as the parts for the frame, you can use, for example, plastic pipes, aluminum profiles - there are many options.
Profiled sheeting
Sheathing of the frame with metal sheets is also one of the budget options. The only drawback - in such a shed will be constantly damp, as on any "iron" water condenses intensely. To leave for the winter in it the tool without corresponding preparation for storage( if to care of durability) any more it will not turn out.
Separate question - how to cover the roof of the barn. Here the choice of materials is huge, but still it is better to focus on products that are fixed on the basis with the help of fasteners. The welded samples will require a source of flame. Carry a burner and a cylinder to the dacha - unnecessary trouble, especially if you do not have your own car. To work with a blowtorch is both long and inefficient, especially since you can not do without an assistant.
Construction features
Basement
As support, you can use screw piles or pipes - metal, asbestos-cement. In the latter case, in their cavity( to increase strength) it is necessary to fill the solution and insert 3 to 4 reinforcing bars. In principle, the technique is simple.
Construction procedure:
- Excavated shallow trench( about 30 cm).
- It is filled with ASG, compacted.
- "Cushion" is covered with foil( cut-off waterproofing).
- Above - bars, which are fastened together by brackets and metal plates.
On such a foundation it is possible to fix the frame from any workpieces. In addition, it can be used to equip the rough floor. For a barn this is quite enough, especially if you lay the floorboards in 2 tiers.
Walls of a barn
If the plating is produced by the board, then the second layer of plywood( multilayered, moisture-resistant) must be installed from the outside. This will save on materials. First, boards can be taken and unedged( they are much cheaper).Secondly, you do not need to make a caulking of cracks.
Polycarbonate is better to use cellular. It keeps the heat well, so the conditions for storing households / accessories will be better.
Roof
Given the small dimensions of the structure, it is advisable to mount the crate as a continuous flooring. You can use a thin board( for "fifteen"), plates( MDF, chipboard, WWS).
How to cover the roof? For a shed, taking into account such a basis for the roof, the most suitable options are ruberoid( it can be glued on the mastic), sheet iron( the same metal profile) or polycarbonate. It is easy to fasten piece pieces with screws. It will turn out qualitatively and inexpensively.
The article considers only the main methods and materials for the construction of a barn in a summer residence. The author hopes that even if the reader chooses any other version of the design, the information given will still be useful. Good luck!
