Build miniature windmills: incremental algorithm

Windmills - some of the most common decorative elements suburban landscaping. I'm ready to tell you how you can make yourself beautiful windmill, even a novice, and step by step instructions visually confirm my words.

Windmills - a great way to decorate a holiday landscape

A little history

This windmill is an aerodynamic mechanism that converts wind energy. Due to this energy, it performs mechanical work - grinding grain.

Mentions wind structures dates back to ancient times. Therefore, we can assume that the long-term wind and water mills were the only machines that are used by mankind.

Traditional mill with horizontal axis

Historians believe that the ancient mills were common in Babylon. This is evidenced by the king Hammurabi Code, which dates back to around 1750 BC.

Documented evidence of the use of wind machines for grinding grains dates back to the first century AD, and it belongs to the Greek inventor Hero of Alexandria. It is also known that in the ninth century Persian mills existed, as mentioned in their communications Muslim geographers.

Persian mills were different from our usual European structures with a vertical axis of rotation and perpendicularly mounted blades. They had blades on the rotor, and on one side closed shell. Without this shell wind pressure on all of the blades would be the same.

Vertical axis of rotation and had a Chinese mill. It differs from the Persian rotate freely sail, while, as in the Persian mills sail was rigidly fixed to the axis.

Illustration of Chinese windmill

Thus, for a typical design Asia with vertical rotation of the rotor arrangement. But windmill with horizontal axis is customary in Europe.

Particularly widespread in the classical mill got windy plains regions. In addition, they were built on the Mediterranean coast.

In our country, in general they have been distributed prior to the start of the XX century, but already in the XIX century, with the advent of the steam engine, the number began to decline. True, all the way from these mills are not abandoned to this day.

But for us, truckers, windmills - it's just a nice element of landscape design, which, moreover, symbolizes wealth and prosperity in the family.

Production mill

Now consider how to make the mill with his own hands. This procedure can be divided into several stages:

manufacturing phase

As you can see, one of the stages of work - production of mobile vertical elements. Next, we look at how to make the design to the roof and the rotation axis of the wind direction.

If desired, it can be made so that the whole building was turned into the wind on the basis of a weather vane. But if you want to simplify the product contrary - make it immobile.

preparation of drawings

Since the mill in our case - a decorative element of any strict rules for its design does not exist. The main thing - to decide for yourself which one you want to see the design and what it will be the size.

Sketch decorative mill can be done even by hand

To simplify the task, you can use ready-made drawings, and only correct if necessary. Wherein optionally accurately plot design to scale. The main thing to portray its main elements and specify the dimensions, which further simplifies the work.

Production base

The draft of the windmill, which I propose to you, there is a base with legs in the form of tables. It is made as follows:

illustrations	Description of action
	materials: Board. The cross section of about 20h300 mm; Wall paneling. For covering tables; Sewer pipe sockets. To be used as legs. Bars. The cross-section should be such that the bars were in the sockets.
	Manufacturing base (skirt): Put together from boards square. The dimensions of one side of about 50 cm; It is possible to immediately construct sheathe lining. In the process of building the foundation, to the base diagonal are identical.
	Manufacturing of legs: Cut the bars. Their length is 300 mm plus the depth of the socket; Insert the sticks into the socket and secure with screws. If you know how to work with metal, can be used as legs metal corners or shaped tubes.
	Mounting legs. Secure the legs on the skirt by means of bolts or screws.
	the base paneling. Obsheyte upper part of the base boards, plywood or other material.
	Install handrails: Make handrail bars. You can use the same bars making up the legs; Attach the rails to the rack, which will serve as pillars; Secure resulting railing on the base by screws, as shown in the photo.

Manufacturing of the carcass middle and upper parts of the structure

So, the foundation we have done. Next windmill with your hands is as follows:

illustrations	Description
	materials: Wooden slats. The cross section should be approximately 20x30 mm; A metal rod or tubewith an external thread (the axis). The diameter of about 1-1.5 cm; Bearings. The inner diameter must fit the diameter of the axle.
	Manufacturing of the carcass middle part: From rails make two squares with sides of 35 cm and 25 cm; The resulting frame, connect the racks of the same rails as to obtain a truncated rectangular pyramid.
	Production of roof frame. Rus windmills usually had a gable roof. In our case, it should be turning, so execute it as follows: Make two triangles from the strips (trusses). Dimensions can be arbitrary according to your desire; Connect the trusses on top rack, which will serve as a miniature ridge pole, and the bottom three boards. Position the board so that the average board was located exactly in the center; In the center of the middle of the board to make a hole axis; Insert a metal rod with a thread, and fasten it with nuts and washers. As a result, the axis must be rigidly secured to the roof.
	Installation of bearings in the board. To our wind mill was a turning roof needs to be fixed on the bearing axis. To do this, you must first secure the bearings in the boards: Prepare boards, which will be sheathed upper end mill frame; In the center of the board drill hole equal to the outer diameter of the bearing; Make propyl along the boards through the center of the hole; Insert the bearing; Drill holes through the board edge on both sides of the bearing pins and pull board. With this bearing is securely fixed in the board. Similarly, the need to insert the bearing in the board, which will capture the axis at the bottom of the frame.
	Roof Mounting: Secure the board with bearings on the frame. In this case, the correct position of the bearings located on the frame axis; Insert the axle attached to the roof, the bearings and secure with nuts and washers. Now the roof is free to rotate around its axis.
	Production of the shank. To our wooden mill, or rather its roof, turned like a weathercock to meet the wind, it is necessary to make the shank as follows: Prepare the rail, which will serve as the axis of the shank is about 40 cm in length; Top to attach the bar axis as to obtain a T-shaped item; Make rods of the two trapezoids and fix the axle, as shown in the photo; Fix the shank in the middle of one of the ends of the roof. Once shank can sheathe any sheeting.

Manufacturing blades and the horizontal moving part

Now you need to make a horizontal sliding piece and blades:

illustrations	Description
	Materials. At this stage, we need the same materials as in the manufacture of roof.
	Mounting a horizontal moving part: Secure bearings into two boards by the above procedure; Secure the board with bearings on the roof, as shown in the photo; Insert bearings in the horizontal axis, and secure it with nuts and washers;
	Making cross. At the heart of the blades used cross. It's easy to make the four bars. In the center of the cross make a hole for the axle.
	Production of blades: To make the blade is necessary to secure the rack bar at a slight angle. The length of the strips should decrease towards the axis of rotation; According to this principle do all four of the blades; Secure blade on a spider; Spider vane wear on the axle and attach the nuts.

At this most difficult part of the work completed.

decoration

Now was the final stage - finishing. It depends on it will look like decorative windmill. The essence of this work lies in the skin lining the frame.

In this case, you can decorate windows design, doors, and other elements that will tell you a fantasy. Steering the mill can be colored and lacquering.

Garnish with the product can be decorative windows and other elements

Often windmills painted in folk style. If you want to design looked in the traditional Russian style, it is best to sheathe the block-house, rather than lining. Mill, decorated with carvings is especially beautiful.

Inside the mill can be built diodes and light sensor. As a result, with the onset of darkness in the mill windows will light the light. Sensor price an average of about 300 rubles.

Here, actually, and all the information on how to make a windmill with his hands.

Output

Now you know how to make decorative windmills with their hands. Additionally, check out the video in this article. If some points you do not understand - ask questions in the comments, and I'm happy to answer.