How to make electrical wiring in the apartment?

The installation of electrical wiring in the apartment with your own hands is not as long and costly as installing wiring in the house. This is due to the fact that there is no need to draw a line inside the housing, becauseit is provided by the company-builder.

Cable management by room consists of the following stages:

• schematic drawing;
• calculation of the number of required materials and electrical accessories;
• marking and slashing of walls;
• cable fastening;
• installation of sockets, switches and junction boxes;
• input flap assembly;
• check line tester.

It should be noted that to date, open wiring in the apartment no longer use, so in this article we will consider the installation work in a hidden way.

Next, we will provide a detailed step-by-step instruction from scratch, which is suitable for beginners who want to test their strengths in an electrician.

machines and RCDs Drawing up the

circuit The wiring diagram in the apartment is easy to make by yourself. For this, it is recommended to use a photocopy of the new building plan, on which it is possible to conveniently mark the places of installation of outlets, switches, lamps and other constituent elements.

The starting point of the scheme is the location of the switchboard in the apartment. Usually this place is a corridor, next to the front door, at an altitude of about 1.5 meters from the floor.

When compiling, we recommend that you consider the following tips and rules:

1. The route of the apartment wiring should be strictly vertical and horizontal on the walls. Such a requirement provides less chance of damage. For example, on the location of the outlet you can find out exactly where the cable passes, so as not to accidentally drive a nail into it when you hang a picture. Ideally, it is recommended to find a wire in the wall before using a nail with a special device.
2. Turn the route only at a right angle.
3. It is best to lay a line at the top of the wall, at a distance of 20 cm from the ceiling( such a height will ensure a minimum probability of mechanical damage and not be displayed at the convenience of repair). You can also wire on the floor, not the ceiling, using a special electrical plinth.
4. Switches in the apartment should be located at the entrance to the room, on the side of the door handle. The height of the placement of the switches is not standardized in accordance with GOST and SNiPu, but, as a rule, it is either 80 cm or 150 cm. According to the European standard, it is better to install the product lower, besides, it will be more convenient for children to turn on the light if necessary.
5. The sockets are attached below( 30 cm from the floor), but can be placed at any height( for example, in the kitchen above the countertop).Recommended for 6 square.meters of the room to install at least one outlet. In the kitchen, the number of items should correspond to the number of household appliances, but usually put 5-6 pieces. The distance from the fastening point to the door and window must not be less than 10 cm.
6. In each room there must be a junction box.
7. Before designing the electrical wiring in the apartment, carefully plan the location of household appliances and furniture. It happens that after electrical installation works, the products can be closed with furniture, or cords from household appliances can not reach the power source.
8. The bathroom must have a minimum of 2 sockets( one for connecting a washing machine, the other for a hairdryer).
9. Be sure to include in your home wiring diagram a 30 mA RCD that will protect against electric shock. It is recommended to install a separate 10 mA RCD for the bathroom.

Tips for choosing the accessories

Before you decide to go to the store for switches, sockets and other elements, you need to determine their appearance.

We recommend installing the following wiring elements for the apartment:

• Switches and sockets of hidden type. They are easy to mount into the wall and not too much noticeable, besides cheap.
• Cable with a diameter of 2.5 - 4 mm.sq. m.(for outlets) and 1.5 mm.sq. m.for switches. We recommend that you first calculate the cross-section of the cable in terms of power and length. The power reserve must be at least 30%.It is best to use an VVG cable for the apartment, becausehe has the optimal ratio for price and quality. In addition, copper is able to withstand higher current loads, and while more durable.
• Terminal blocks for connecting wires. They are inexpensive and provide a quality connection.
• Circuit breaker. For the outlet group, a 25-ampere switch with an RCD of 32 amps is suitable. For lighting it is better to choose 10 or 16 amp.
• Junction box made of self-extinguishing material, which is already the norm.

Finally I would like to add that you should avoid cheap Chinese products. The installation of electrical wiring in the apartment is done every few decades, so it is better to spend once than to spend a couple of expensive repairs.

We also draw attention to the fact that it is better to purchase the quantity of materials with a margin, especially the wires.

Wall layout

After the wiring diagram is drawn, and all the materials are purchased, go to the marking of the walls under the shtroby.

In some apartments, builders simplify the life of the owners and create in the walls ready grooves for laying the cable. We will consider the option of installing electrical wiring when there are no grooves on the walls.

To ensure that the cable does not stand out on the walls and is protected from mechanical damage, it needs to be slightly deepened. Special grooves are called shtroby, so at this stage you need to draw on the walls of the route strob.

The simplest and most effective method is the use of a marking cord. All you need is to fix the cord at the starting point of the route, as shown in the photo below. Next, you need to carefully pull the rope to the next point, pull and hit against the wall. As a result, there should be a clear trace on which it is necessary to conduct electrical wiring in the apartment.

Once again we draw your attention to the fact that the track must be strictly vertical and horizontal! To make a vertical line, you can use a plumb line, and to create a horizontal line - a building level.

As soon as the walls are fully marked, it is necessary to go further - to the strobing of the walls with your own hands. It should also be noted that the wiring of the wiring in an apartment without slabbing( open method), more simple, but less reliable. If you just drove into a new building, and even more so, if it is not finished, make sure to do a hidden wiring. The exterior option is suitable except in the event that you decide to hold a light on the balcony.

Shrouding of walls

This operation can be carried out with the help of such tools:

• chisel and hammer;
• perforator with crown;
• a Bulgarian with a disc for concrete.

The width and depth of the strobes should be 2 cm. After the walling of the walls, it is possible to proceed to the main process - the installation of electrical wiring in the apartment with your own hands.

Laying route

As we said earlier, the length of the conductors must be bought with a margin. This stock will go to their connection among themselves( on each side the vein is bare for 5-10 cm) and for the connection of outlets, switches, lamps( a margin of 5 to 15 cm).

First, decide how the wiring will be fixed to the wall. To date, there are special clamps, but we recommend that you use the "grandfather's way" - fastening with a dilute alabaster. To do this, put the line in the strobes and grab the alabaster block every 25-30 cm, as shown in the photo.

We draw your attention to the fact that alabaster hardens very quickly, so you need to act at a pace.

After the line has been completely fixed, we recommend that you take a picture of all the walls so that in the event of a repair, you can accurately determine the location of the wiring.

Connection of

fittings This stage is quite simple, it is necessary to connect all sockets and switches in the apartment. To do this, shrouds are fitted with podzroetniki and special boxes. We recommend that you "plant" these elements on alabaster, becausehe quickly and reliably grabs the wall.

For you to clearly see the process, we bring to your attention this video lesson:

You can also learn about how to connect the light switch in the corresponding article.

Connection of automatons and RCDs

The last stage of installation of electrical wiring in the apartment is the assembly of the input flap. According to the designed scheme, you must connect circuit breakers and RCDs. Difficulties in connecting these devices should not arise - the lead-in wire is wound from above, and the outgoing wire to the junction box from the bottom. We talked about how to connect the RCD.Connecting the circuit breaker is also not difficult, even the kettles in the electrician. You can visually see the process of installing these devices in the video below:

. After all the electrical products in the apartment are connected, it is necessary to conduct the wiring of the wiring harness with a multimeter to ensure the correctness of the work done. If no problems are found, safely turn on the machine and perform the first tests of the finished line.

circuit breaker I would also like to provide you with this video lesson that shows how to make wiring in the apartment with your own hands from the ground up:

Related materials:

• How to replace the wiring in the apartment
• How to choose the RCD for the apartment
• How to make groundingin house