Acetylene generator with your own hands

Acetylene and its properties

So, why is it acetylene? The answer is simple. This gas when burned reaches a high temperature, which varies around 3100 degrees Celsius. With this temperature, it is easy to melt the black metal of any thickness, which is just what is needed during welding. Also acetylene is used in various chemical reactions, which are carried out at elevated temperatures, for example, in the production of aldehyde, rubber products and the creation of polyvinyl chloride( PVC).

Specificity of the work of the acetylene generator

This unit is a container inside which water and carbide are combined, during which heat and acetylene are released. Inside the cylinder, special conditions are created that control the reaction in the right direction and do not allow an explosion to occur. Acetylene welding machines are of two types: stationary and portable. Stationary synthesize acetylene in volumes up to 160 m3 per hour, and portable - up to 3 cubic meters.

Typology of acetylene generators according to the procedure of action of

Currently, several variants of acetylene welding machines are used, which differ from each other in the principle of action. Each of the species has its pluses and minuses, we will consider them separately.

Carbide in water

The principle of operation of such a generator is based on the fact that calcium carbide in normalized doses is fed into a special compartment containing water filled to a certain level. The supply of slaked lime is made to the gas-generating compartment automatically at the moment when the pressure in it falls. Apparatus of this type are distinguished by a high degree of reliability and safety. During the operation of generators such as "carbide in water" such positive aspects can be traced:

• gas passes a high degree of purification;
• there is a complete decomposition of calcium carbide;
• devices of such a system are easy to operate and maintain.

Water in the carbide

This system of operation of the acetylene generator is divided into dry and wet variants.

Dry system is used in stationary units. The specific nature of the work is based on the following structure of the system's operation. Inside the unit there is a container into which slaked lime is placed through special holes. Further, the container rotates, and the carbide under pressure is treated with water.

The advantage of such a system can be called easy utilization of the used carbide, and the minus is the incomplete decomposition of it during operation and the appearance of a large amount of impurities in the resulting acetylene.

A wet variant of such a system is as follows. The water is placed inside the system to the mark. A special compartment under the reservoir is filled with carbide. Then, to start the reaction, the control valve turns off, and water begins to flow onto the slaked lime. After the reaction has occurred, acetylene is collected in a special compartment and, upon reaching the necessary pressure, the water stops coming to the reaction site. Then, when the gas was used, the pressure in the system drops, and the water re-enters the system.

Among the shortcomings can be identified possible overheating of the system and insufficient decomposition of the reaction components. In addition, the technical support of the operation of this type of unit is labor-intensive.

Substitution of water

The process for obtaining acetylene occurs according to the following system. Inside, water is placed, then a tray with an active element is placed there. After the reaction has occurred, the formed acetylene displaces water, which is collected in a spare cylinder. Then, in the process of using the resulting acetylene, the pressure is quenched and the water returns back to the reaction compartment. This is the reaction to the complete decomposition of the carbide.

The system differs from others in a high degree of reliability, but just like the previous one, it requires a labor-intensive maintenance process.

Conditions for the operation of the acetylene welding machine

The main requirements for the acetylene generators:

• The air temperature at which welding can be performed: for portable generators: -25, +40;for stationary: +5, +35
• Automation of regulating the supply of calcium carbide to the gas container
• The design should not contain parts that contain more than 70 percent of copper, as well as elements that can emit a spark
• The device must be completely sealed. That is, there should be no leakage of gas during operation, as well as air entering the generator housing from the
• atmosphere. In order to fix the gas pressure in the device, the generators must have the appropriate measuring devices.
• . The presence of a fuse that must limit the maximum gas pressure inside the
• B devicethe mechanism of the unit must have a safety shutter that will prevent the explosion
• In mobile generators, calcium carbide should be used onlylarge granulation

Most popular used models of acetylene generators

Generator ANV 1,25

The abbreviation ANV stands for the device with external displacement. This generator model is frost-resistant, with a combined action.

Working with this model is carried out according to the following structure:

1. Inspection of the
2. body Filling of the corresponding chamber with the necessary mark
3. Filling the retort with the carbide
4. Then the carbide is started with the help of the corresponding
5. valve. Acetylene is released, which under pressure displaces the water from the
6. chamber. With a sudden increase in pressurethe gas is discharged to the outside by means of a special exhaust valve

Device ГРК 10-64

This device works by the system "water on carbide".The sequence of operations at work is the same as that of the previous model, so it is not necessary to fully illuminate it. It is worth mentioning the advantages of this machine:

• Production is reduced due to the fact that the system uses one gas collector
• . The placement of the carbide
• is simplified. The water consumption of

is greatly reduced. The ASP-2-64

unit This device is a stationary generator of the "water" systemon carbide "of a dry type. This type of generator is designed to provide continuous supply of acetylene in large volumes to shops where gas welding is constantly used.

Prices for acetylene generators

Buy a device of this type can be both online and in a specialized store. The price for portable devices varies from 7 to 10 thousand rubles. Stationary same acetylene generators can be bought for an amount close to the mark of 1 500 000 rubles.

Acetylene generator with own hands

The reaction of obtaining acetylene from calcium carbide and water can be made at home. But you should pay attention to the fact that such a device is very dangerous and can lead to serious damage to your health and your housing.

Step 1. To manufacture an acetylene generator by yourself, you will need an iron casing with a solid partition inside.

Step 2. In one of the compartments you need to place the carbide, and in the other water.

Step 3. Water through a special tap must fall on the synthesizing material and after carrying out the reaction through the branch hose to the transported to the equipped compartment for acetylene.

Step 4. In such a system it is very important to build a water seal through which gas will pass. In the bolt acetylene will cool, and the fire will die out. The use of such an element of the system greatly affects the maintenance of its security.

It is worth remembering that the system of the acetylene generator is very unstable because of the inconstancy of the reaction, so it is better to invest in a purchased generator. It is also possible to take such a device for rent. And the safest option would be to hire professional workers who have certain skills and equipment.