It seems to many that building a house in the winter is a nonsense that must be avoided. However, if you do not have time to finish the construction in a warmer time, you should not postpone it for a whole season, since some work can be carried out without hindrance even at temperatures down to -15 ° С.Of course, the winter construction has its own characteristics, which must first be studied, and "House of Dreams" today will help you to understand this.
Building a house in winter
How to prepare for the construction of a house in winter
If the future house is already erected and filled with a foundation, then preparing the site for the winter, most importantly - to conduct electricity or purchase a generator. If the foundation of the house is not yet, then the construction of the foundation in winter should begin with the warming up of the earth. For this purpose, tents are often installed inside which electric heaters are placed. In addition, in order to keep heat in the ground, a warmed covering should be installed along the perimeter of the foundation, for example, from expanded clay or slag.
Building in winter photo
Building a foundation in winter
For construction in winter conditions it is important to ensure reliable storage of building materials. If the house is erected from a brick or a tree, then for these materials an ordinary canopy, which protects from precipitation, is suitable. Brick and wood are not susceptible to low temperatures, so it is not necessary to install heating devices in a shelter for storing these materials.
Cement, as well as all dry mixtures, are the most susceptible to changes in temperature and precipitation. These materials should be stored in a closed heated room.
Features of construction in winter
In winter, the greatest difficulties arise in cases where it is necessary to use concrete. For example, the construction of a brick house at low temperatures is possible only if the concrete is warmed up or if antifreeze agents are added to it.
Construction of houses from the timber in winter even has its advantages over the summer construction:
- Firstly, a positive factor for laying the timber is that moisture is expelled from the tree under sub-zero temperatures.
- Secondly, during the construction of a wooden house in the warm season, it is necessary to treat the wood with special antiseptics to exclude possible rotting. At minus temperatures, the process of decay, as well as the development of the fungus in the material are impossible, so the use of antiseptic drugs in this period is not necessary.
Construction of a wooden house in winter
Construction of a wooden house in winter conditions
But, as wood loses moisture in winter, it becomes more fragile, therefore, when building a house, one should exercise the greatest care. In addition, at a temperature of -10 ° C it is better not to conduct carpentry.
Construction of houses from a bar in the winter photo
Also practically there is no restriction and construction of frame houses in the winter, in particular, if the foundation was filled earlier. Since most often components for building a frame house are delivered in a protective film, construction work for this type of construction can be carried out even in snow.
Construction of a frame house in the winter
If there is a need to build a house of aerated concrete in winter, then you need to consider that at this time the glue can be diluted only with warm water, necessarily adding antifreeze additives. In addition, the base on which the aerated concrete blocks will be laid should be thoroughly cleaned from the ice. At minus temperature, work on vertical finishing should be carried out at a rapid pace, otherwise they will freeze. If the solution has cooled during operation, it must be carried for several hours in a warm room. However, do not dilute it with water;during a thaw there are cracks in it.
In some ways, construction in the winter has its advantages. Since in the cold season, unlike the warm season, there is no need to wait for the natural shrinkage of the building, the overall construction period is significantly reduced.
Undesirable construction work in winter
However, not all work is advisable to produce in the cold season.
- Firstly, in the winter construction is complicated from the technical side, which consequently increases the cost of work.
- Secondly, due to difficult weather conditions it is difficult to predict how good and hard work will be done.
- And, thirdly, due to a short daylight and additional difficulties, in winter the work is progressing somewhat more slowly than in summer or autumn.
According to experts, some types of construction work should still be postponed until the first warming. First of all, this refers to the roof covering with bitumen shingles. According to the norms, this material can be used only at a temperature of -5 ° C.At a temperature below zero, to cover the roof, it is necessary to equip a thermal curtain over the roof, inside which the air will be warmed. Since the installation of a thermal curtain is a laborious and expensive exercise, it is better to put the bitumen shingles to the spring. However, this recommendation does not apply to harder materials - slate, metal roofing or roofing iron.
Roofing with bitumen tiles in winter
Also in winter it is not necessary to plaster the facades of the building. As the quality of the plaster deteriorates significantly from increased humidity and frost, during this work it will be necessary to warm the facade all the time and wait for it to dry completely.
In addition to these works, in winter it is not recommended to carry out vertical planning, to equip the landscape and to do the finishing and construction work.
Preservation of construction for the winter
If, with the arrival of cold weather, you decided to suspend the work, then it is necessary to keep construction for the winter. In this case, the most important thing is to ensure the construction of the necessary protection against moisture penetration. If conservation takes place at the stage of foundation laying, then it should consist of waterproofing, thermal insulation, groundwater abstraction, and backfilling of the excavation. If the basement is already equipped with a basement, then, in addition to the previous tasks, it is necessary to ensure complete blockage of the basement.
In the event that the house has already been put under the roof, but it is not covered by the roof, it is necessary to protect the inner space from moisture. It is more expedient for this purpose to erect a temporary lightweight roof. In addition, all the openings and cracks in the house must be closed, and on the roof to equip the grooves for draining water.
Preservation of the construction of a house for the winter
With all the existing rules and regulations, the construction of a house in winter is a very real and profitable occupation. However, it should be noted that, despite the seasonal decline in prices for building materials, the total amount of work in winter will cost an average of 10% more than in the summer. This is due to the increasing technical side of the construction.
