Determine the slope of the sewer pipe: pipe assembly

Hello dear subscribers of the construction portal Stroy-Shkola.ru. In this article, we will discuss with you the process of laying the sewer pipe, namely pay attention to the slope of the sewer pipe. So let's go.

Slope of the sewerage pipe

One of the main factors conditioning comfort in your home, apartment, is the proper operation of the sewerage system. This issue is especially acute in old dwellings with cast iron sewers. Over time, cracks and leaks appear in them. Now the most popular material for the manufacture of sewer pipes are polymers. Plastic pipes are very convenient to install and are available for installation by non-professionals.

Required tools and materials

For self-installation of sewage pipes from plastic pipes, you will need the following tools and materials:

• - proper pipes( 5 cm in diameter for drainage and 10 cm for risers),
• - connecting elements( bends and fittings),
• -Component cuffs,
• -special glue for plastic pipes,
• -pencil, tape measure, construction level, saw.
• -if necessary, cement.

Getting ready to work

We inspect the old sewer system and fix all its parameters. You can photograph the design of the old system, so it will be easier to mount a new one.

1. Take a sheet of millimeter paper and draw a sewing diagram on it. Do not forget to place the plumbing elements and the distance between them, including the central riser pipe.
2. Check the drawing with the actual distances between the sewerage points in your apartment.
3. We recommend that you repeat the old scheme of sewer pipes. It is usually made by professionals and there is no need to change it.
4. Based on their sketches and real distances, calculate the required number of plastic sewer pipes and connecting elements.

Video - slope of the sewer pipe and its alignment

Calculation of the minimum slope of the sewage pipe

Calculate the minimum slope of the sewer pipe by a special, rather complicated formula.

The formula for calculating the minimum slope of a sewer pipe

However, one can not take into account algebra, but use ready-made solutions.

Standards for the incline of pipes of different diameters for a length of 1000 mm

The slope of the horizontal sections of pipes in the sewage system should be at least "0.02".That is, in the section of a sewerage pipe with a length of one meter, the height difference at the ends of the pipe should be two centimeters.

However, with a small volume of moving wastewater, this can be shown exponentially to "0.03".Thus, if you are laying a sewerage site from one washstand, the level of the pipes should be reduced by three centimeters per each meter of the pipe.

Advice for selecting pipes

1. Sewer pipes are gray. Pipes of different diameters are designed for certain sewerage units.
2. No need to deal with calculations - just measure the diameter of old pipes, pick up plastic pipes of similar diameter.
3. Nevertheless, you can also use a reminder: so when installing a drain in washing machines and dishwashers, pipes with a diameter of 2.5 centimeters are used, when installing a drain from shower cabins and a bathtub with a diameter of 3.2 centimeters, the pipes moving the drains along the apartment have a diameter5 centimeters, and used for trunk risers 11 centimeters.
4. Similarly, the length of the old pipes is selected and the yardage of the plumbing system, after creating a sewerage scheme you can calculate both the number and configuration of the connecting elements.

We dismantle the old pipes

After inspecting and measuring the old sewerage system, drawing up a scheme of pipe routing with all the connecting elements, it is possible to start dismantling it.

1. We inspect the old cast-iron pipes, we determine the elements that will require additional work during dismantling( for example, pipes passing through the walls.)
2. Turn off the water supply in the room and warn the neighbors above about the beginning of the dismantling work.cast iron pipes, make sure that fragile fragments of cast iron do not get into the main sewage system during dismantling - this can lead to its failure.)
3. In order for the demonIf the connections of the cast iron pipes are fixed with sulfur( this can be checked for a characteristic odor after the heating of the connections), then, if the pipes are not connected to the main riser, you can simply cut it off with a bulgarian. This procedure is implied if you do not replace the riser. The dismantling of the joints of such pipes must be carried out using a gas burner. Make sure that this work is better done in a respirator.

Further work on the installation must begin after the complete cooling of the connectors.

Basic ways of installing plastic sewer pipes

There are two main ways of installing plastic sewer pipes: using special glue or by welding.

Ways of connecting sewer pipes

Adhesive installation of sewage pipes from plastic:

1. Cut the ends of pipes that are larger than the dimensions required for installation.
2. Cut edges with
3. . Remove grease and grease from the ends of pipes and connectors.
4. Check the compatibility of the pipe sections to be joined, they must be combined with a small force.
5. Place glue on the glued areas. A thicker layer of glue is applied to the connecting element, thinner - actually on the end of the pipe.
6. We connect the elements of the system, in order to distribute the glue evenly, turn the pipe in the connecting element.
7. On the outer edge of the joint, a glue roller of the consistency of liquid honey should be formed.
8. The time for complete drying of the glue and reliable fixation of the elements is about one hour.

Welded installation of sewer pipes from plastic

1. Cut the mounted pipe to the desired size, clean and degrease the connected areas.
2. We prepare a special soldering device and heat it up to 260 degrees
3. We fix the connecting element and the pipe section to the nozzles of the soldering device.
4. Preheat the connected parts to the temperature indicated in the instructions.
5. We connect heated parts
6. We check the connection point for the absence of backlashes, gaps, polymer residues.

Some of the nuances of installing plastic pipes

The procedure for installing plastic sewer pipes starts from the top node, that is, the sewerage part located at the highest point. It is from it will be calculated slope of plastic pipes for free flow of sewage. The funnels of the connecting elements must be installed in the direction opposite to the normal flow of the liquid. Control the slope of the plastic sewer pipes using the building level, which has the necessary marks. You can also control the angle of tilt according to the pre-set markings on the wall.

Often, during the repair of the sewage system in multi-apartment buildings, plastic plastic pipes must be docked with old cast-iron pipes. So in the vertical section of the sewage system in an apartment building, you can insert a piece consisting of a plastic pipeline using special fittings.

It should also be remembered that the horizontal sections of the sewage system should not be adjacent to vertical pipes at right angles. Typically, at least two pipe bends are used, each of which rotates the sewage stream by 45 degrees. Thus, you will reduce the turbulence of the sewage stream and will construct the correct "input" of your sewerage in the general house.