Make living in your home as comfortable as possible - a natural desire of each of us. Ventilation of a private house is one of the components of comfort. And if you consider that the influx of fresh air is not only the health of all members of the family, but also the safety of property( reducing the risk of condensation, mold, mold), then this issue can not be called secondary. On how to independently arrange in a private home effective ventilation, including with access to the wall - the topic of this article.
You should start by answering some questions. Perhaps, some of them seem to someone too primitive or even pointless, but if you really understand the order of organization of ventilation in a private house, then thoroughly, from the basics.
The most common mistakes during the installation of the system( and as a result, its low efficiency) are just caused by the fact that in the "general" the subject of the conversation is known to everyone, but at least "semiprofessional" understands the topic a few.
What is ventilation? This is the flow of air masses from one zone of a private house to another.
Therefore:
- should be the point of intake of air from outside( from the street) and the second - for its exit outside;
- the movement of the air flow must be arranged so that it passes through all rooms, that is, the air exchange process covers all rooms without exception. For large buildings( industrial and other purposes) it is possible to install several independent systems - by sectors, floors and so on. Applicable to the private house of one, common( with a properly selected scheme) is quite enough.
What type of ventilation is preferred for a private house? This can be understood if one considers that the speed of movement of air masses directly affects comfort. After all, few of us like to constantly feel the presence of a draft.
- Forced ventilation. The volumetric speed of the air flow with the extraction turned on is from 3 to 5.5 m³ / h.
- Natural. The same parameter is at the level of 0,7 - 0,9.
Before the owners of wooden houses, the issue of ventilation, as a rule, is not worth it. The walls of log, beam houses by definition "breathe".Consequently, regular airing is sufficient to refresh the air in the rooms. But the owners of houses made of cellular concrete or brick need to think about how to organize it and how to organize by themselves. Especially, then the finishing materials are used mainly with low( if not zero) vapor permeability. For example, foam as a heater.
What is determined when drawing up a ventilation scheme in a private house?
- Locations of installation tools( and ease of installation with their own hands) for fresh air intake and outflow to the outside.
- Location, duct configuration.
- Cross-section of channels( calculated depending on the required air exchange).Their parameters can be specified by special tables, since they are "tied" mainly to the dimensions of a particular room.
There is a definite relationship between the flow velocity and the cross section of the duct( its throughput).Therefore, the smaller the profile, the higher the speed. Therefore, for some rooms, the installation of forced drawing is simply necessary, since the installation of large boxes from an aesthetic point of view has certain limitations.
The correct organization of ventilation in a private house implies the movement of air masses in the direction of the most smoky( contaminated) premises - sanitary facilities and kitchens. It is in their own hands and equip hoods.
Type of window blocks
If they are made of plastic, then the integrity of the openings is complete. Wooden frames have small cracks, gaps and the like, so in some cases this is enough to not engage in the arrangement of special areas( installation of devices for fresh air intake).But if the window construction in a private house made of PVC, then it will have to be done by one's own hands.
Diagram of self-ventilation
It is impossible to recommend any single correct scheme. All private houses are erected on various projects, have different number of storeys and other features. Therefore, the above schemes are just an example. Whether to install additional fans for extraction and inflow - is decided individually for each house( room).The only thing that should be noted - any scheme is drawn up for a specific project, and the best option is a combined one. That is, a reasonable combination of forced and natural inflows and outflows of air masses, depending on the dimensions and specificity of a single room.
Ways to increase the efficiency of ventilation in a private house
Supply valves
Window. Install their own hands on the already installed windows will not work. But if PVC blocks are only ordered, then it is necessary to specify in advance the manufacture of windows with these valves.
Wall. Another name is the infiltration valve. They are mounted in cases where the replacement of window blocks with new, with adjustable vent / slots, is impractical. In fact, this device is a branch pipe with a circular cross-section. To install it yourself, you have to "pass through" the wall through and through. On both sides of the valve are grilles, and the internal one is adjustable. This makes it possible to control the airflow and choose the most suitable ventilation mode. Installation of the supply valve is described in detail here.
Recommendations
Such devices should be mounted in the vicinity of window openings or directly behind radiators, and in all rooms. Outside air and heat will become faster( from batteries), and the curtains are easy to cover the curtains so as not to catch your eye.
Valves mainly provide an inflow( m³ / h) of air in volumes of 50 and 100. It is possible that in a large room it is necessary to put not 1, but at least 2 devices.
Doors
Option 1 - when fastening the door to the door unit, it is necessary to provide a small gap in the lower part( about 15-20 mm).If everything is done by yourself, then such an installation is not a problem.
Option 2 - when buying a door, it is necessary to pay attention to the structural features of the blade. There are models in the lower part of which there are already so-called "flow gratings".
If in a private house the doors of another model are installed, then, if desired, they can be altered by purchasing lattices separately. Another question is how appropriate is it to deal with such modernization of new doors?
Features of different types of airing rooms in a private house
Ventilation
- For qualitative air exchange it will take( depending on the size of the room) from 30 minutes to an hour.
- At a low temperature in the street on windows, slopes, windowsills, condensation is likely.
- The longer the window is opened, the greater the heat loss.
window It is understood that the leaf swings open completely.
- Sufficient from 5 to 10 minutes.
- Condensate formation, cooling of indoor air is excluded.
Full ventilation
All windows and doors open. It is recommended only in some cases, with precautionary measures( especially with regard to children), and within a few minutes( no more than 3 to 4).
If the simplest ventilation system does not provide proper comfort in a private home, then other options should be explored.
For example, a ventilation scheme with recuperation.
It is not out of place to understand the types, types of fans, sound attenuators, models of kitchen hoods and other devices that can be installed. But these are separate and rather voluminous topics, therefore the author considers it possible to limit the information given.
It is quite enough to understand both the principle of ventilation in a private house, and possible schemes for its organization by oneself.