How to expose rafters?
For those who are still superficially acquainted with the basics of construction, but going to independently understand how to put the rafters, you need to spend a little time and get acquainted with the information. Rafters - this is the basis for any pitched roof, at first glance, a complex system of beams, racks and other wooden structures that are stably fixed to each other, and it is absolutely logical, so it is not difficult to understand this. A well-set system will then allow you to make any modifications to transform the dwelling.
Depending on the distance between the walls that you are going to cover the roof, the rafters can be of two types: layered and hanging. The first rely on walls only, and the second require intermediate supports. The layered type is typical for a covered width of not more than 4.5 meters, while the hanging type due to the intermediate supports can expand the area to 12 meters. Everyone who wants to learn how to put rafters, video and detailed instructions is provided right now.
How to put the rafters - patience and work will peretrut
Armed with a tool for cutting wooden beams, screws or nails( to fix the corners to fix the beams), and a couple of assistants, you can proceed to calculations and directly to work. To calculate how correctly to expose rafters, you need to remember the mathematics and the Pythagorean theorem. First we prepare the underlay beams, they should protrude beyond the walls for 50 cm. We cut the beams and lay them on the walls at equal distance from each other.
All wooden structures for durability are treated with compositions against insects, fungi and aging.
Now we determine with the height of the roof, that is, the distance from the chute to the ridge( h), the parameter is quite arbitrary, depends on your preferences for the angle of the roof slope. Now calculate the length of the truss of , that's where algebra is needed to learn how to put rafters on the house. The length of the foot will be equal to the square root of the sum h2 + d2, where d is half the distance between the bearing walls. After counting this value, we saw off two boards of this length.
Next, we place on an even surface and cross the boards with one end so that we get a triangle without a base, that is, two ends at one point( crown), and the remaining two ends are bred at a distance of 2d( that is, the width of the house).The following measurements will help to understand how to level the rafters.
At the extreme points of the divorced ends measure 2d, fix this construction and connect the extremities with a thread in a straight line. On the contour of the thread right on the board we draw the line with pencil , marking the angle, which will need to be cut off. Also, from the top of the top of the we lower the perpendicular onto the string, or rather draw it along the board to the point of the leg divergence.
Now, without moving anything, is sawing .Two identical rafter legs are obtained. We cut the rest of the legs, using them as billets.
How to put rafters or remember the children's designers
We continue to work painstakingly already with the installation of the frame for the roof. Paired legged in the triangle, you need to fasten together with wooden jumpers : one - almost at the top of the head, the second - near the middle of the triangle.
The received designs should be established on beams and to fix them there metal corners. For durability, if you have long rafter legs, you can attach two racks to each pair of , which will provide additional support and rigidity. They should be installed so that they are attached to the leg somewhere in the region of the 1/3 mark. These additional supports are also fixed with corners.
This is the simplest version of how to properly place rafters. Suitable in cases where it is required to cover a small area of simple shape. Any complication of conditions, whether it is the area, shape, the number of individual compartments, will lead to the appearance of additional elements and the complexity of fastenings and preparations will increase. When building this building element, you can immediately think about the insulation of the roof, especially if the house is built for permanent residence.
