How to properly plaster walls - video instructions, photos, examples

Wall plastering is a complex process that is often performed after a number of the most important construction and repair activities. Often, the plaster performs a decorative function, so at this stage it is necessary to ensure a strict horizontal or vertical surface, as well as the highest level of attractiveness.

a number of other issues related to this process. Of course, it is wet plaster is the most popular option for finishing the walls, and you should bear in mind that he does not have serious flaws. Practice shows that for leveling walls, gypsum boards and similar solutions are increasingly used. Of course, a huge range of materials creates a certain problem for professionals and owners, as choosing one thing is not an easy task.

In this article we will examine in detail all the details of the choice of the plaster mixture, and also analyze the process of finishing the surfaces with this material. It should be borne in mind that to date to create an even and attractive surface is not a big problem, but the main obstacle to the most attractive result of finishing work is technology, and in some cases, quality and other features of the material.

The main features of using

plaster For the beginning it is worthwhile to be guided that the plastering of the walls is a rather dirty and laborious process, which is far from to everyone in the teeth. Of course, practice shows that even inexperienced beginners can finish the walls, but it should be borne in mind that for this it is necessary to thoroughly know the technology of the process, as well as numerous features of use and application of the material. Unfortunately, plaster is a rather unusual material, which can create problems for the worker without any apparent reason.

In addition, much depends directly on what is included in the plaster. Often, manufacturers use a wide variety of additives that can significantly affect the finishing process. You can also become a victim of substandard products, but we'll talk about this a little later in this material.

Specialists believe that the main advantage of wet plaster before the plastering of walls with gypsum panels is an attractive appearance of the surface. However, an attractive exterior surface of such plaster is obtained only if all the necessary parameters associated with the application technology are met.

It is also important to bear in mind that wet plaster should be used in small rooms where such repairs do not take too much time and effort. In turn, dry plasters( plasterboard and other materials) are used in large spaces where with the help of large sheets of material you can quickly and efficiently make the room attractive. Too uneven walls to level with wet plaster will be extremely difficult, while gipokartonnye sheets easily hide even the most gross defects of surfaces.

All the same experts focus on the fact that it is most important to pay attention to the space in which this or that plaster will be used. The question is precisely in the unevenness of the walls, the area of ​​the room, and also in the project on the basis of which the ennobling of space will be carried out. For example, if you need to implement some bold design project( it can be multi-level ceilings, bulk wall parts and much more), then on the basis of classical plaster something like this will not work. Therefore, it is best to entrust the choice of material to professionals who carefully consider the existing conditions.

Quality and cost of plastering

In order to obtain high-quality plaster, a whole list of requirements must be followed. Often, the owners who want to purchase the material, pay attention to the well-known manufacturers involved in the production of building mixtures and other materials for a long period of time. And this, most likely, is the most correct decision. Unfortunately, in the market you can find a huge number of manufacturers of materials for construction and repair, whose products do not meet the necessary parameters. In this case, it is important to remember that low-quality products should not be purchased in any conditions. Often, poor-quality plaster is low price, which attracts owners who want to save on large-scale repairs every penny. However, such savings will be too strong a blow if after a short period of time the surface begins to deform and crumble.

If you compare plaster with other finishing materials, then the wet finish is actually more expensive than the nearest competitors. That's why the owners who want to spend the cheapest repairs, use plastic panels and even gypsum cardboard for finishing surfaces. As a result, the appearance of walls and ceilings should be quite attractive. But at the same time it is worth remembering that only with the help of wet plasters can you get a surface with original texture, as well as many other effects. Therefore, as we have already said, wet plaster is indispensable in a number of situations.

Help of

• specialists If the process of plastering walls or ceilings is carried out for the first time, you can be sure that some mistakes in the technology of applying the mixture will manifest themselves. Of course, often it is a question of minor shortcomings, which can hardly be called a serious problem. At the same time, it makes sense to pay attention to the fact that this business can be entrusted to professionals who will not only conduct the full amount of plastering work, but also give a full-fledged guarantee on the quality of their services. Obviously, there is no need for a guarantee, but there are many cases in which the plastered surface began to crumble and crack. In this case, the specialists who conduct the work must restore all this and do not demand a penny.
• As in the case with the choice of the best plaster, it is necessary to take seriously the specialists rendering services for plastering the walls. Often these guys represent those or other companies engaged in repair work. It is necessary to make a choice in favor of the checked up companies having the maximum quantity of positive responses.
• The last advice related to the assistance of specialists is that with self-made repairs, you can sometimes hold some consultations with professionals in this industry. It's about the fact that during the process of finishing the walls there can be different moments that a beginner is not always able to fully analyze. In such situations, the help of consultants is useful, which often does not even require any financial reward. Similar people can be found in large construction shops, warehouses and supermarkets, related to the sale of materials for repair and construction. This option is the most optimal, since the owners themselves are doing the repair process, are convinced of the high quality of the material and the finish itself. The specialist-consultant does everything possible to ensure that employees do not make mistakes due to inexperience.

Conducting plastering of walls

Preparatory work for

Preparing space for repair is an extremely responsible process, on which the result largely depends.

• First of all you need to take out of the room absolutely all things and objects. As you know, wet plaster creates a lot of problems in terms of pollution. Accordingly, the entire room during the repair will definitely be dirty and unattractive, which creates a danger for things located in the room. By the way, with dry plaster, such problems do not arise. Sometimes the owners decide not to take out some items( often furniture), covering everything with a plastic wrap. Lighting facilities also need to be removed. Separately I wanted to say a few words about the floor covering. Often the houses have a laminate or parquet, which can easily be damaged by building materials. Therefore, it is necessary either to cover the floor with the same film as mentioned earlier, or fill the surface with a thick layer of sawdust. All the wires in the room need to be insulated, since water can get on them.
• The next stage of the preparatory work is cleaning the walls. It is necessary to clean the surface to the very bottom, since any old plasters and other coatings can very quickly become unusable, along with which the plaster will also peel off. Cleaning the walls to the very bottom should lead to the fact that in the end we will get a relatively flat wall without significant drawbacks. For easy removal of whitewash and old plaster, the clayter can be useful. The material is applied to the surface, it freezes, after which all the coatings are extremely easily removed from the wall. For this case, the most common spatula is also useful, allowing extremely quickly and comfortably to remove a layer of old material.
• If on the wall there are old wallpaper, you need only to soak them, then simply remove them from the surface, or scrape off using a metal brush.
• Special attention should be paid to cracks and other imperfections that usually appear after removing old plaster or other surfaces. If the crack is small, you can arm yourself with an ordinary knife and try to widen this flaw slightly, then fill with a repair mixture( cement).Over all such places after the application of the mixture it is necessary to place the plaster grid. If the damage to the surface is too large, you will have to level the surface with the same plaster, or try to limit yourself to ordinary cement( but in this case you will have to wait until the cement collects strength before carrying out the basic finishing work).
• Concrete, brick or stone walls are not the best basis for reliable retention of plaster, so it is advisable to create a spacing on the surface before the finishing process. For this case you can use improvised tools, or a small jackhammer. Accordingly, over the entire surface, with approximately the same pitch, a pile is created, which provides an ideal connection. Unequivocally, you need to remember that you do not need to turn a wall into a completely broken surface, just a few small depressions, into which the plaster will go.
• Special attention should be given to the finishing of plastering of wooden walls. Similar surfaces are extremely rare, but in some cases it is wet plaster is the ideal option for creating an attractive space. In such conditions, the surface of the wall must be cut with shingles. These are small thin boards with the broken off along the fibers. Often, instead of this option is also used a metal mesh, it is stuffed directly on the uncleaned wall( you need to protect the mesh from corrosion by applying a coat of paint on it).

Lighthouse arrangement

With the help of beacons, it is possible to carry out finishing works without any problems, while providing a perfect surface( depending on the surface that can be trimmed), depending on the surface that can be trimmed. Often, the process of installing beacons consists of the following steps:

• With the help of a building level( preferably a long one) or a plumb line, the verticality of the wall is checked.
• After that we take the dowels and slaughter them in the corners in the room - one from above, and one from below. A line is attached between these elements, which will perform the level function.
• Analyzing the location of the line, you can install beacons. They are metal elements( profiles), which it is advisable to attach to the wall with the help of small piles of solution. Thus, the profiles are simply pressed into the solution, providing a position that will make the wall surface after the plaster process as flat as possible. While the solution has not gained strength, you can freely experiment with the position of the profiles, but it is not too much to tighten with this process. Profiles must touch the above line, but it should not be moved. The step between the beacons should be 1-1.5 m.
• In addition, horizontal beacons will also be needed, the location of which is based on the same technology as above. To avoid any deviations, even the most minimal, it is worth paying attention to the use of the classical building level. This is an indispensable tool that allows for full quality control.

Now, when the beacons are installed, you can safely proceed with the process of preparing the plaster mixture. Often this is an extremely simple process, which is described in detail in the documentation from the manufacturer of the resource.

Plaster solution and application technique

First of all, it is worth noting the fact that the following solutions for wall plasters are actively used today:

• Cement mortar consisting of 1 part of cement and 3 parts of sand.
• Lime mortar consisting of 1 part of lime material and 3 parts of sand.
• Cement-lime mortar consisting of 1 part of cement, 5 parts of sand, and 1 part of lime mortar.
• Gypsum-lime mortar consisting of 3 parts of calcareous dough and 1 part of dry gypsum.

The technique of applying plaster to the surface consists of the following steps:

• The first layer was called "spray".For this case, we need a fairly liquid solution, which you just need to throw on the surface of the wall. It is enough to make a small swing( from a short distance from the wall) trowel, which takes the solution. It is worth remembering that if the swing is too sweeping, then the mixture is simply sprayed over the surface, and then the result will be of poor quality. Often the peculiar heaps that appear on the surface of the wall should form a layer whose thickness is no more than 9 mm - for wooden surfaces, and up to 5 mm - for brick and concrete walls. It is better to do the spray evenly, so that the surface quality becomes really high.
• The second layer is the main layer in this process. The consistency of the solution should be somewhat thicker than in the case of the spray. The thickness of the second layer should be limited to 10 mm. If the wall is too flat, then the layer can be even thinner. The solution is applied by means of a wide spatula. Often this layer is applied in 2 approaches, since its overall thickness is quite large. If we have a really wide spatula, we need to pay attention to the fact that the alignment of the surface can be made between the beacons, but this applies only to the topmost points of the layer, it is still necessary to evenify the surface.
• The third layer is often called the finish coat or cover. The thing is that this layer provides the most flat surface. Most often, a mixture with fine-grained sand is used for this process. In this scenario, the surface of the wall is almost smooth. If the sand that is available is too large, you can sift it with a grid with small cells. It is advisable to apply this layer to a moistened surface. If the second layer is dry, then you can arm yourself with a traditional paint brush and moisten the walls with water.

It should be borne in mind that the prepared mixture should be used in the repair process within an hour, since after this period the material will begin to lose its basic properties, and then the wall decoration will be a huge problem, which is unlikely to be minimized.

The latest stage of this process is that it is necessary to arm with a grater, which will allow to clean the surface of the wall. Even if it seems that the surface after finishing is perfectly even, grouting is still necessary. It should be carried out slowly, paying attention to even the most minor flaws in the surface. Specialists recommend strongly pressing the grater against the wall, so that all defects in the surface are guaranteed to be eliminated. Of course, there is also no need to overdo this process.