Prefabricated wooden floors for floors in a house made of aerated concrete

Wooden floors for floors in a house made of aerated concrete - the most economical, safe and fast-erecting type of flooring.

Its device requires only compliance with the order of work, technology and fastening in the right places with screws.

Features of wooden floors

Monolithic reinforced concrete reinforcement, built in all the perimeter of the building, is not an obligatory element, if you want to make overlaps in the house with the help of wooden beams.

This way of designing is very simple, fast in execution and surprisingly very strong.

Overlapping can be done from a beam, edging board or log, which is extremely rare.

Of the new types of material is worth noting glued beam and wooden I-beams, which have a high ultimate strength.

Wooden floors in the house can be:

1. with inter-beam filler in the form of boards on bars, rolling from the boards;
2. with filler from insulation, vapor and waterproofing materials;
3. with a specific binder material: gypsum board, chipboard, plywood slab, lining.

And now specifically about the features of the wooden floor:

• Wooden floors minimize the weight, which tells the load the elements of the load-bearing structure of the house, which is extremely important if the house has 2 floors or more;
• Ease of installation: wooden beams can be installed even manually, maximum with the help of an outside person, unlike standard concrete, for the movement of which you need a crane;
• Eco-friendliness: conifers thin phytoncides, which have a positive effect on the body( as evidenced by the example of cedar barrel in saunas);
• The length of the ceiling should not exceed 5 meters, as the wood has less strength characteristics than concrete and steel( calculation - no more than 400 kg of load per m2);
• Overlapping of wood always requires isolation from the action of moisture and heat, as it can quickly become unusable;
• This is not a monolithic structure - it needs to be collected step by step, layer by layer, preventing the property of hygroscopicity, which will help a variety of hydrophobic compounds;
• Pyroprotection( fire protection) is an important characteristic of overlapping. All adjacent surfaces must be impregnated with special compounds, or carefully plastered.

Types of wooden floors

Wooden type is mounted immediately, without any preliminary preparation, drying, because I am ready to immediately take the load. They are connected to the bearing walls by means of a groove system.

The following types of overlap are distinguished.

Traditional beams

This design consists of beams of monolithic or glued wood, on top of which is a rough floor - a cross board, the top is covered with a warm floor and other coatings.

Dimensions of such beams are: up to 40 cm in height, up to 20 cm in width, up to 15 m in length.

But in the features we announced the figure "5" - five meters of the maximum allowable length of the overlap. Whence figure 15?

The fact is that if the floor construction is supported by 1-2 or more rows of walls near, then it makes no sense to put beams in pieces, when you can lay one long, center and then additionally strengthen the spacers.

A monolithic structure is only permissible if there are several supporting walls.

Lightweight ribbed

A variation rarely encountered, but extremely important in cases where the house is built from a wooden frame.

The main difference of this overlap is that the ribs and the skin are stuck every 30-50 cm.

The permissible length does not exceed 5 m, and the width is only 30 cm maximum. The floors are covered with plywood, slabs of particleboard, rarely with steel tape.

For soundproofing, mineral wool should be used. The use of such a ceiling in a gas-concrete building is justified only by the design features of a single room.

Beam-finned

Inter-floor combination of the two above-mentioned species, which consists of ribs and beams.

The ribs are laid across the beams, which, by the way, need less due to the distribution of the load.

Wood is consumed less, but in the installation of this option is slightly more difficult than the previous two.

Technological nuances of creating overlaps

Wooden floors between floors in a house made of aerated concrete require strict compliance with the laying technology, as there is a real chance to break geometry, weight distribution, which eventually leads to collapse.

To avoid this, it is necessary to take into account a number of nuances:

1. Beams are laid in the walls during the construction phase. The construction is carried out before finishing works. It is necessary to perform an engineering calculation of the strength of a hypothetical overlap of a given material in order to know the number of beams, the pitch of their laying and the required dimensions;
2. Beams are built into the wall at the stage of its construction: nests are made, and their depth should be half of the total thickness of the wall. If you make the socket through, then it is necessary to seal it with a vapor-proof insulation;
3. The first beams are always the first to be laid, which must be leveled with a level and a straight long board laid over the boards with an edge. To correct the skew, it is better to trim the beams with boards of the required thickness under the beams. Intermediate beams are aligned by means of a straight board, which is laid over the outer ones;
4. The base of the rough floor of the floor above the floor is not more than 5 cm thick, which is fastened with screws. On top of it is laid a plank of rough floor, which can be thin and not planed. The boards are stacked across the beams, attached to the bars using self-tapping screws. All the elements of the future floor at this stage, before direct attachment to each other, must be treated with an antiseptic;
5. To create a floor over the ceiling, you need to mount a layer of steam and waterproofing. Fits, say, expanded polystyrene with lapped strips, after all the joints are glued with scotch tape. On top of it follows a warming plate( eco-wool, expanded clay, expanded foam) and only after - the finish of the floor. It is undesirable to use tiles, porcelain tiles, which weigh a lot. The best option, in terms of weight, reliability, durability - parquet or wood board.

Practical instruction for mounting

So, the material is prepared, the tools are stored, the bearing walls stand and wait for us to build the floors.

Step 1: Calculation of the

Design The installation is always selected according to the shortest room size. The size of the installation step depends on the cross section of the overlap base. Usually it is 1 meter.

Be guided by the rule: it is better to take wood with a larger cross-section than to put an entire palisade out of weak bars.

For the first beam an ideally flat surface is important, which will not allow the slightest inclination in the horizontal projection.

You need bars that can withstand a load of at least 400 kg per square meter.m area.

The optimum dimensions of the load-bearing beam are 1.5 to 1 width. The device of overlapping for aerated concrete should be done with a reserve: it is better to take the original and then cut off with a hacksaw.

Step 2: Preparing for installation

When erecting walls from aerated concrete, it is necessary to provide openings for floor elements. The step of the opening is 1 meter, the depth is from 30 cm, the width is also 30 cm and more.

The end part of the floor after installation of the beam is not poured in order to avoid decay. Bearing bars in any case should not be placed close to the parallel wall.

Step 3: overlapping the floor

Consists of several important operations:

• 1 day before installation, we grease all wood elements with an antiseptic and fire-resistant compound. Do not touch the ends;
• We sample beams, saw off with a hacksaw so that on both sides of the fastening it remains to 45 cm from the size of the room. It is necessary to cut down at an angle of 60 degrees, which in the end will give a trapezoidal shape of the cut, which will add strength only due to its geometry;
• We put the extreme beams, we expose them on the level, we center with an even beam perpendicular to the direction of laying. The ends of the beams should not rest against the walls - leave a ventilation gap of 3-5 cm;
• Aligning all the beams of the floor, checking the level of their straightness, you can fix each in place dry rubble;
• Concluding the concrete landing nests in the walls of aerated concrete with cement with crushed stone;
• As soon as the cement has dried, it is necessary to perform insulation: expanded polystyrene, expanded clay, ecowool - everything will do;
• We put waterproofing on top of the thermal insulation: liquid rubber, mastic, seamless polyurea insulation, polymer varnish, injection resins and so on;
• After the waterproofing on the self-cuts, logs are placed for flooring the floorboard on it;
• A final floor covering is placed on top of the floorboard( the so-called rough floor);
• Ceiling - this is both the floor and the ceiling at the same time, therefore for the ceiling device, you need to do the same procedures as for laying the floor: fix the screws / glue with heat insulation, after impregnating with a hydrophobic compound, fixing the thin lags and only after making the ceiling.

As a summary of all of the above, we suggest watching a video on how to properly create an overlap from scratch.

Video:

Conclusion

Monolithic construction allows the use of overlaps from the beam in the event that the design load on it does not exceed the safety margin of the type of overlap intended for use.

To make the overlap of wood or the same aerated concrete is a purely personal choice, but the obvious advantages of wood will favor the choice of a wooden structure, which is almost equal to other kinds of overlap.