If you decide to build a cottage or a summer residence, special attention should be given to such elements as communications and electricity supply of a private house during the design phase.
They will create a truly comfortable home.
Today people simply do not represent their lives without lighting, electrical appliances.
That's why it is important to create a quality project to supply your future home with electricity.
Contents:
- Projects and diagrams
- How to make the power supply uninterrupted?
- Features of autonomous power supply
Projects and diagrams
The project of electricity supply of a private house is simply necessary for connecting the house to the power grid.
It can only be created by employees of a company that has an appropriate license.
Before carrying out electrical work it is important to address the organizational issues that will determine the typical design of the cottage's power supply.
First of all, you need to accurately determine the number of outlets and lighting devices that will act as "consumers" of electricity.
Also in the project should be included any devices that require individual connection, and not just will be powered from the outlet.
It is important to take into account the fact that the number of household appliances may increase over time, for example, you buy a second refrigerator or food processor.
That's why the project of power supply of the cottage should take into account possible prospects.
You will need to determine the exact location of the devices in each room, and also to establish what kind of lighting will be needed outside the cottage.
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Now the scheme of power supply of a private house can be made.
In the figure you can see a sample of the project of electricity supply to a private house. It will become a guarantor that no element will be missed during electrical work.
Also it will help to find the source of the malfunction in the network faster.
The cottage power supply scheme will have the following components:
- Earthing;
- Group electrical network inside the house;
- Introductory switchgear;
- A node that allows for the consumption of electricity;
- Cable entry.
It should be noted that there are several ways to enter the cable: air and underground.
The first is the most common, because it is easy to get to when necessary.
Typically, the input is made through a roof. Underground entry is of high cost, but it has the highest reliability.
A single-line power supply scheme for a private house that has a TN-C-S grounding system is often used.
Its feature is the combination of zero working and protective conductors.
PEN is also divided in a special place into conductors of protective and working type.
This division shows a linear diagram of the electricity supply to a private house, it will be implemented in an input distribution switchboard.
After this, the conductors PE and N will be led by the group lines to the electrical consumers.
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A real example of a private house power supply project will allow you to identify all the necessary components so that you do not encounter unforeseen difficulties when designing your own project.
It is important to remember that only a specialized company that provides power supply in the territory of the area is entitled to connect to an external power network.
How to make the power supply uninterrupted?
Prior to the development of the project, the electricity supply of the cottage should be subject to specification or technical conditions.
They must reflect all available devices and systems that operate from the network.
Theses on electricity supply to a private house suggest that on average the privateer will require a power of 5 kW 220 V, provided that the consumers will be a TV, refrigerator, washing machine, microwave oven and lighting.
If you plan to use additional devices, then 5 kW 220 V will not be enough.
Before starting work, you need to carefully study the project in order to evaluate your own strength.
The power supply of a private house with its own hands is not a difficult task, but it is necessary to really assess its own capabilities.
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If you are not sure of the forces, then it is better to entrust the work to the employees of the construction and installation company.
Today, we were dependent on electric power, when it suddenly disconnected the house can remain without such systems as heating, water treatment, safety, communications and sewerage.
That's why they increasingly decide to use the uninterrupted power supply of a country house.
This will prevent possible troubles due to fan shutdown, electrical network wear or cable theft.
you can continue to use electricity in any situation.
Today there are two systems of autonomous power supply of a private house: absolutely autonomous and stand-by.
The first rational use in the territory of large towns or apartment buildings.
Standby power supply of a country house today has ceased to be a luxury. It is chosen by those who try to keep everything in their own hands.
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Today you can forget about the generators, which constantly rustled and smelled of diesel fuel, demanded constant care and a separate room.
Now they are replaced by inverters, which are resistant to overload and will allow the connection of capacious batteries to extend the backup power supply of the cottage with electricity.
Standby power supply of a country house will help restore comfort.
Features of autonomous power supply
An example of a power supply project of a cottage can help determine the type of electricity supply.
Today it is possible to create an independent power supply of a country house from solar energy or wind energy.
However, this requires special equipment. On the territory of European countries, the use of alternative energy sources is very popular.
In some areas, even legislatively, it was possible to fix the issues of connecting solar cells to a common electrical network.
As a result, the private owner will create electricity, spend the necessary amount, and the surplus will be sold to the state.
In our country, such a scheme could not be created. And people mostly try to use generators to provide autonomous power supply to a private house.
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This equipment will require quite large expenses for fuel and spare parts.
However, the generator will prevent the failure of various systems during disconnection from the network.
Autonomous power supply of the dacha using a diesel generator will require the following conditions:
- Sufficient lighting in the room;
- The distance from the floor to the ceiling is at least 2.5 m;
- Ventilation available;
- Securely ground the generator.
Today, especially popular are the use of inverter power supply systems for a cottage.
They differ silent operation, they do not require installation in a separate room, they are manufactured in the USA and have a guarantee of 5 years.
A typical power supply project for a private house of an autonomous type should include:
- diesel generator;
- inverter;
- rectifiers;
- batteries;
- controllers.
The cost of the project of electricity supply of a private house will depend directly on the area of the cottage.
The average compilation of the document will cost from $ 200, but the prices can vary depending on the firms and the locality.
In addition, it is necessary to coordinate the created project in instances, which will also require costs of 5,000 rubles.
