Drainage of the foundation of the house - the significance of this operation in the life of the building
Both surface and groundwater are in perpetual motion and participate in the ongoing water cycle. The continuous shell of groundwater extends even in arid steppes and deserts. When building the vast majority of land installations and absolutely all underground, what are the foundations of buildings, it is necessary to take into account the movement of water, their condition and composition.
Intervention in the circulatory system of groundwater causes an increase in their level, which, in turn, lowers the stability of the soil, leads to its subsidence and seasonal swelling. Of course, this is a great inconvenience to us and reduces the life of the foundation.
Drain under the foundation to avoid the destructive effect of groundwater and prevent the flooding of basements, the formation of cracks on the foundation and walls of the building, the skewing of window frames and doorways and, possibly, the destruction of the building itself. At the same time, it is possible to get rid of excessive dampness of walls and ceilings, from damage to building structures by fungal diseases.
Drainage of the foundation with your own hands - where to start?
To make drainage of the band foundation is not an easy task, but it is quite feasible. Of course, the drainage system equipment would be more reasonable to provide for when designing the house, but if this was not done, the error must be corrected now.
You need to know if you have decided to independently equip the drainage of the foundation of the house, how to do the right whole cycle of work. Here are a few remarks:
- works best in the warm season;
- when planning the duration of work should be borne in mind that even a team of skilled workers is barely able to cope with this earlier than a month;
- , before installing on the entire perimeter of the building, a rain guard should be installed to prevent erosion of the trench.
Drainage under the foundation - the basic operations of
After all the preliminary observations, the counting of time and the number of assistants, let's return to the question of how to properly drain the foundation. At a distance of about one and a half meters from the basement of the house, a trench is being dug a few feet below the basement. Its width is approximately 40 cm, because it will be laid drainage pipe with a diameter of 110 mm.
The trench must be excavated with a slope of 1 cm vertically for each longitudinal meter. The slope is directed towards the drain. The bottom of the trench is laid with a layer of sand in 5 cm, and over the sand is lined with geotextiles, and its edges are fixed on the walls of the trench. Next, on top of the geotextile - another layer of sand, but this time 10 cm thick.
The drainage of perforated pipes is laid on the top layer of sand, and 10 cm of gravel is poured onto the pipes. The edges of the geotextile fixed on the walls are brought together and sewed together.
At the very end of the pipe, which should be located at a distance of not less than five meters from the house, a water intake is arranged. Its upper part should be a meter below the end of the pipe, but above the ground water table. In its simplest form, the water receptacle is a plastic container with holes drilled in it, which is buried in a pit lined with a geotextile.
Now that we already know how to do the drainage of the foundation, we will find out where to place the manholes designed for cleaning the drainage pipes. As a rule, they are located in the corners of the building. In the event that the drainage trench goes along a long wall, the wells are located at a distance of 12-15 m from each other.