Brick - general concepts.
Brick is the most popular building material since ancient times. Its production does not require much effort and cost, and ease of laying allows the use of brick in any conditions.
Often, the brick is made on its own - the technology is quite simple:
- Forming clay. Packing in briquettes.
- Drying in the chamber. Dryers are chamber or tunnel.
- Firing.
- Setting process.
To make the brickwork strong, it is necessary to sew the seams.
The dressing itself can be:
- Chain single row( alternate spoon and bump side).
- Multi-row dressing. Can be 3-row and 5-row. In the first case, every third row is pinched, in the second case, every fifth row.
The standard size of the brick is 250x120x60.Taking into account the thickening module 250х120х88.The thickness of the walls is determined by the number of bricks in the masonry. Standard thickness of walls in two thicknesses: 510 millimeters, in 2,5 - 640 mm, in 3 - 770.
According to modern requirements, heat-protective single-layer brickwork is not applied. It is necessary to avoid freezing and condensation on the inner surface of the wall.
Before proceeding with the laying of the material, it is necessary to know what layers the brick wall consists of:
- Interior finish( plaster) - 20 millimeters.
- Supporting masonry - inner verst.
- Steam insulation / thermal insulation.
- An effective insulation( thickness is determined by special calculation).
- Outer verst - the facing layer of the masonry.
- Anchors - attach the outer verst to the inner verst.
The size of the brick depends on the thickness of the material
Single - has dimensions of 250x120x65.This ratio is ideally suited for alternating along and across the axis.
One-and-a-half. The dimensions of the brick are 250х120х88.It can be ordinary, porous, full-bodied
Double. Rarely found complete. It is made perforated, found wide application in lightweight screeds.
In the manufacture of sufficiently wide tolerances are allowed:
- Dimensions may have deviations in length -5mm, thickness 3mm, width 4mm.
- It is allowed to allow slope, but not more than 1 ppm.
- Cracks not longer than 30 mm are allowed.
Types of bricks
Ceramats of white and red color are widespread. Each of them is produced by certain technological processes. Due to the different starting materials, excellent physical characteristics are obtained. What are they made of?
Red brick is made on the basis of clay. White is silicate.
The first of the above is obtained as a result of kiln pressing of clay. Since time immemorial used in the construction of foundations, stoves, walls.
Unfortunately, marriage is common. It can be identified by the sound( with a loud sound), as well as by the color of the edges( scorched / black edges).From such bricks, one should not expect high strength.
Red is divided into grades: 76, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300. Each grade shows a class of compressive strength( withstand pressure kg / cm2 of ceramics can reach 3.8 kg
The 1 cubic meter contains 490 bricks, the totalall of which are about 1700 kg
White brick is made on the basis of silicate, it is all less than red, as well as strength, respectively Dimensions of silicate and red bricks are color-independent
For interior decoration use decorative bricks.on the tile, and on furThe
features
- Durability
- Durability
- Fire resistance
- Moisture resistance
- High thermal insulation
Decorative ceramics is not divisiblenor on any subspecies. The main criterion for choosing such a material is the buyer's preferences: drawing, texture, color.
To choose the best option for future construction( or finishing) is easy enough. The main thing is to determine the type of masonry and dimensions. The process of laying itself does not present any complexity and it is quite possible to carry it out with your own hands.
