Septic for own use for a country house or cottage

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Many residents of private houses and cottages, as well as owners of dachas, within which there is no central sewerage, somehow encounter the construction of the septic tank with their own hands - a drainage pit for the discharge of waste water, full of all kinds of sewage. Many build such a structure in the old manner, which leads to frequent pumping out or periodic construction of a new waste pit. And the first pumping, as is known to many, entails an endless series of appeals to the service of sewers - something there is disturbed in the process of tapping moisture and the soil ceases to absorb water.

Thus, you become a hostage to the constant pumping of water, and cleaning here absolutely does not help. Many resort to all sorts of tricks: increase the area of ​​water absorption due to punching additional holes into the depth of the pit, others use the walls of the pit as an additional layer to absorb water, but all this is in vain. It takes three to four years and the pit gets clogged.

In the modern version, a drain pit, called a septic tank, is able to serve almost forever. The main thing is to build the septic tank with your own hands for a private house and at the same time not to disdain the old "grandfather's" ideas. Are you ready? Then let's go.

The first thing to do is dig a pit - pit. It is not necessary to be introduced into the jungle of calculations of its volume, in any case, properly organized water treatment in a new septic tank can reduce the volume of the pit to a minimum. How much water do you spend per day? A cube, one and a half - I'm sure that these figures far exceed your daily water consumption. But the reserve of free space in the pit still need to be taken care of, and the optimal volume of the septic tank will be an eight-cubic meter, measuring 2 * 2 * 2 meters in depth. You can increase the size at will, worse from this will not. Personally, I stopped on a twelve cc pit with dimensions 2 * 2.5 * 2.5 meters deep. In short, having determined the size of the pit, we begin construction of the pit.

While hired diggers master the hole, it is possible to prepare the formwork. To do this, you need osb sheets, beams and trimming plastic sewer pipe. Think in advance everything is desirable. In order to increase the area of ​​water absorption from the septic tank to the ground, it is necessary to provide water holes in the ground in the formwork - it is for this purpose that trimming of sewer pipes is needed. In osb sheets, in steps of 20-30 cm, cut out round holes equal to the diameter of the sewer pipe( 100 mm).

Formwork for septic tank

Formwork for septic tank

Taking into account that osb - the material is still not very hard and has decent flexibility, it needs to be strengthened. Along the perimeter of the sheet with self-tapping screws( 20x30 or 30x40mm is enough), every half a meter add vertical stiffeners. You will have to prepare such sheets for at least half of the drainage pit, on its two sides. Formwork in this case, it is better to make a collapsible, so that it can be easily rearranged to the remaining two walls of the septic tank - not only the adjoining walls should be removed separately, but the wall itself should be divided into two parts. So it is more convenient to mount and disassemble the formwork.

It is very important to properly reinforce the formwork so that the poured concrete does not crush the mold and does not "bring to nothing" all your work. Again, this requires a bar, with which the formwork must be firmly propped in the pit. When wooden boards are already installed and firmly fixed in the required position, we insert plastic sleeves. We are talking about scrap sewer pipe - passing through the hole in the formwork, they must be driven into the ground at least five centimeters. Otherwise heavy concrete will knock them down and pour out through the hole in the formwork.

How to make a septic tank for your own dacha

How to make a septic tank for your own dacha - pit for a septic tank

Concrete drainage pit

The first preparations for the construction of an septic tank for a dacha or a country house are finished with their own hands and you can start pouring concrete - the concrete mixer will come in handy. Manually with such a volume of concrete you just can not cope.

For those who do not know how to mix concrete, it is not a sin to inquire about its "recipe": two pieces of sand, two pieces of fine-gravel and one part of cement - all this must be mixed with water.

Do not be superfluous and the reinforcement - reinforced concrete is much stronger than ordinary concrete. Basically, instead of it it is possible to use practically all metal at hand. Pipes should be excluded from this list and stay at the corners and fittings.

Construction of a concrete septic tank for a private house with their own hands

Construction of a concrete septic tank for a private house with your own hands

After pouring the first half of the pit, letting concrete dry for a couple of days, and dismantling the formwork and then rearranging it to the remaining two walls. Then everything repeats itself again.

Having defeated the walls, we start building an internal bulkhead of the septic tank - we need to divide the pit into two parts( it can be equal).The first will collect all the solid impurities and sludge( it is silt that clogs all the channels in the ground and disables the pit).In the second part of the pit, through the built-in partition, the water, which is stable from the silt and solid waste, will flow, where it will safely be absorbed into the ground without clogging it.

Septic for a private house with your own hands

Septic for a private house with their own hands

You can build a partition from both concrete and brick. A more important point here is to properly maintain the height of the overflow. The overflow hole is better to be arranged 30-40 cm below the level of the drain pipe coming from the house - it is in this place, in the water, that the silt is the least. Ideally, the overflow opening should be equipped with a sewer tee so that the standing water would not flow straight into the overflow, but as if from below.

How to make a concrete septic tank for your own dacha

How to make a concrete septic tank for your own dung

How to increase the service life of a drainage pit - septic tank

The overflow is made, like a septic for a summer residence or a country house is ready. But do not rush to run it.

Concrete septic tank with own hands

Concrete septic tank with own hands photo

To prolong the service life of the septic tank, you can now resort to "grandfather" ideas. There is such a folk instrument called a bailer - it is a sharpened cut of a thick pipe, equipped with a long handle. It is with his help in the ground that you need to break holes not less than two meters deep. Subsequently, these pits are covered with a fine mesh( so they do not clog up) and over it large crushed stone is poured onto the bottom of the pit. It turns out a kind of drainage, allowing the water to go unhindered into the ground.

Septic for a country house with their own hands

Septic for a country house with their own hands

An important factor affecting the efficiency of the pit is its ventilation. The same sewer pipe, brought to the surface, will help the water not only to soak into the ground, but also to partially evaporate.

It's only now that we have started to approach the finish of our works. The pit should be closed, and it should be done so that it can be grown from above even tomatoes or lawn grass and, at the same time, it is necessary to leave access for possible cleaning of your structure. The same concrete comes to the rescue. We put the stiffeners from the powerful corner or the channel, cover the board. To access the sewers, leave a rectangular hole, located directly above the two halves of the pit immediately. Now you can fill the pit cover. Without concrete reinforcement here you can not do - perhaps, over it you will walk and work in the garden. You do not want that one day the lid breaks and falls into a hole?

Septic for self catering

Septic for a dacha with their own hands

That's basically all. If you resort to the use of modern biological products, you can avoid periodic cleaning of the drainage pit from silt and all kinds of sewage. A tablet or liquid that rushes to the bottom of a septic tank is able to decompose all solid impurities and turn them into water, and it, in turn, is absorbed into the soil unhindered and does not pollute it.

Remember that it is impossible to produce a complex process of constructing a septic tank by yourself, so it's better to ask for help from your friends, relatives or hire a team, after all. Good luck to you!

Author of the article Sergey Golikov


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