What rubble to use for the foundation

click fraud protection

When creating a long-lasting foundation, it must be borne in mind that the quality of this design depends on many aspects that at first glance may not be obvious. And this applies to all concrete structures, which are built under structures and massive supports. If we do not take into account at least one factor, the whole amount of work can go wrong.

Contents

In this material we will talk about one of these factors - the choice of crushed stone. Despite the fact that the process of creating a foundation can be elementary, but even the choice of crushed stone can depend on the durability and overall strength of the structure. Crushed stone has many characteristics, which builders pay attention first of all. Thus, if you are thinking about creating the foundation yourself, do not use the first crushed stone, as the consequences may be too serious.

In the article we will also mention the main problematic details that often arise when using improper gravel, as well as the way out of an unfavorable situation. It is worth noting that based on the information provided in this article, you can save a lot.

shheben

The main features of the selection of crushed stone for the foundation

To begin with, it is necessary to understand that it is necessary to choose rubble for the foundation only in those cases when the building being erected is really a responsible project. It can be a dwelling house, a warehouse or some kind of support. In the event that we build a small barn or a gazebo, you can use the rubble that is available or the cheapest on the market without any problems.

It should also be borne in mind that many owners, for example, use different types of rubble in one construction. In this situation, there is also a considerable threat to the future structure, since in some parts of the base, for example, deformations that threaten the entire structure may occur.

More details about the threats we'll talk about in this article.

Classification of crushed stone by origin

To begin with, it is necessary to determine precisely with the classification of natural material by origin. Often in the construction of the following types of rubble:

  • Granite. This is the most durable rubble, which is regularly used in the most important buildings. When using this product, you can be sure that, due to rubble, there will not be any problems with the base. But at the same time, it should be borne in mind that this resource is used extremely rarely, since the cost of granite gravel is very high. Not all are ready to overpay for a stone, which can be replaced by an inexpensive option. Of course, in certain situations there is an urgent need for granite material, and then easy money simply has to be paid. If the foundation itself is small, you can buy a granite stone, if, of course, the finance allows it.
  • Gravel. This version of rubble is used much more often than granite. It does not have such high strength, but for the construction of a small private house or country house construction - this is an excellent option. Accordingly, the price of gravel is quite democratic. You can use a certain amount of granite and gravel crushed stone to increase strength, but there is no great need for this. Limestone
  • .For the construction of houses and other critical structures such rubble is used extremely rarely. The thing is that the strength of limestone material is low enough, therefore in construction it is used to create garages, arbors and similar objects. Of course, it is worthwhile to note that as a replacement for the above types of gravel, limestone material should in no case be used. In extreme cases, it can be a small private house that does not create heavy loads on the ground.
  • Slag. This crushed stone is produced by crushing metallurgical waste. Of course, the main advantage of this crushed stone is a low price. Most often this resource is 20-30% cheaper than similar in strength and other characteristics stone crushed stone.
  • Secondary. This type of crushed stone in construction is used quite rarely. The strength of this resource is very low, so it is better not to use it to build a foundation. If this happened, then from the ground you can expect any surprises. Of course, there are exceptions to the rules, but the strength of secondary crushed stone is really extremely low.

Separately, I would like to note that in conditions when groundwater is not deep, it makes sense to make a choice in favor of granite gravel. In such conditions, you can be sure that the foundation will be in an acceptable state for a long period of operation.

rubble sand delivery

The main characteristics of the rubble

It should be borne in mind that the characteristics of the rubble should pay much more attention than on the origin of the resource. The whole point is that based on the characteristics, we will understand exactly whether a concrete crushed stone is suitable for the creation of a foundation, or it is better to abandon it.

Next we will consider the main characteristics of rubble:

  • Frost resistance. This characteristic is especially important when it comes to areas where extreme temperatures can be encountered during the winter. If the crushed stone has low frost resistance, then in the severe cold the characteristics of the foundation will deteriorate significantly. The strength of the material will fall. First of all, frost resistance is determined on the basis of freeze-thaw cycles of the product. For construction it is better to use crushed stone with a value of 300 cycles( F300).If it is a tropical climate, frost resistance does not matter.
  • Strength. Of course, it is the strength of the rubble that draws the attention of people who want to create a long-lasting foundation. As we have already said, the most solid gravel is granite. The stronger the material, the more loads it can withstand the base of the house. Despite this, under certain conditions granite material can have excessive strength, and overpay because of this, money is simply meaningless. Thus, calculations or an approximate analysis of the future construction project will not prevent.
  • Flakiness. This is another important characteristic, which you need to pay attention to all people who are thinking about starting construction. Fleshiness is a characteristic of the flatness of the material. The most common rubble is characterized by the presence of a large number of plastic and needle-like grains. If the first grains are too much in the stone, then the concrete mixture may be of poor quality. In addition, it should be borne in mind that in this situation, numerous voids can form in the concrete, so special attention should be paid to compacting the mixture. Cube-shaped crushed stone is the most practical solution, since in this case there should not be any problems with voids in the concrete. Accordingly, granite crushed stone has a cuboid shape, which is why it is the most high-quality option for construction works.
  • Radioactivity. Of course, the question of the safety of using certain building resources is almost always very acute. Despite the fact that most of the market is occupied by the producers, it is often possible to become a victim of poor-quality products. Sometimes radioactive crushed stone can actually get caught, which during the whole period of operation of the foundation will make itself felt. Fortunately, it's quite simple to check whether the rubble is radioactive. For this you need to have a dosimeter. If there is even a slight hint of increased radiation, it is better to refuse such products.
  • Fraction of rubble. This aspect is also of great importance. One should pay attention to the fact that today in the construction works are used numerous fractions of crushed stone, and everything depends directly on the scale of the work, as well as on some other factors. For example, in large construction projects large material is often used, but with the same weight, small material would be much more effective, but there is simply no special need for it. Next, we will consider in detail the main details associated with the fraction of rubble.

It is important to remember that the companies that sell gravel have the appropriate documents and licenses. Thus, if everything is official, then the manufacturer must provide a complete description of its products. Based on this information, we have the opportunity to understand whether a particular rubble is suitable for our construction works. At the same time, it is possible to become a victim of poor-quality products, if you buy crushed stone from unproven producers who sell products without licenses and other basic documents. Unfortunately, there are a lot of such untested sellers, and they often drop some of the price to attract more buyers. In the end, it turns out that the characteristics of the rubble may completely not correspond to the ongoing work, and this will have an extremely negative impact on the construction process.

Accordingly, experts advise to overpay extra money, just to be sure of the high quality of the purchased product.

crushed stone

Analysis of the fraction of rubble

As we have already said, the fraction of crushed stone is the most important characteristic, on which the final quality of concrete structures largely depends. First of all, we need to analyze the main fractions of the material.

Fine fractions of rubble:

  • 3х8 mm;
  • 5x10 mm;
  • 10 x 20;
  • 5 x 20.

On the basis of small gravel, responsible construction work is carried out. It is about the creation of slabs, bridges, as well as other concrete structures. Of course, it is not necessary to use this fraction to create residential buildings, but the quality of concrete structures will be unequivocally high. Small crushed stone is somewhat more expensive than the main fractions of this material, and this should also be paid attention to the owners.

Average fractions of crushed stone:

  • 20x40 mm;
  • 25:60 mm.

The average fraction of rubble is often used for the production of concrete, road construction, as well as elements of railings. Also, this size of rubble is a good solution for laying the foundation.

Coarse fraction of crushed stone:

  • 20x70 mm;
  • 40x70 mm.

Large crushed stone is used to create production facilities, as well as large-scale concrete structures of various types. Partially a large fraction of crushed stone is used in the construction of bridges.

There are also non-standard fractions of rubble, however they are most often used for decorating different surfaces. It is worth mentioning that it is standard sizes of crushed stone that should be used directly in construction.

image.php

Recently, Eurobes have become more prevalent. These are the specific sizes of the material that are in each of the above groups. Accordingly, do not have to think long over what material is best to buy.

It should also be remembered that in similar construction works with different factions, the same weight of crushed stone will be needed. Thus, if there is simply no need for a small fraction, it is better to choose in favor of large material.

As for the creation of the foundation itself, the faction plays not such a serious role here. The most important thing is to make a choice in favor of a quality material, which corresponds to a number of characteristics. When examining the rubble of any fraction, you can easily establish whether the material is qualitative.

If the volume of construction work is minimal, granite crushed stone of fine fraction can be used. This is an expensive material, but in a high quality concrete structure you can be sure.

Well, in the end I would like to note that it is not recommended to use crushed stone of different fractions, since the strength of the foundation must be equal throughout its perimeter.

instagram viewer