The bathroom is a room with special effects - water splashes, hot vapors and other moisture. Also, there are sudden changes in temperature, and condensation occurs. Therefore, lighting in the bathroom must be carried out with a very careful observance of all norms of electrical safety and SNiP( building codes and regulations).According to them, the bathroom must be divided into the following zones:
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- area around the perimeter of the bowl of the bathtub or shower;
- area with a distance of 60 cm from the perimeter of the bathroom bowl;
- space within 2.4 m from the previous one;
- is the rest of the space.
For safety reasons, installation of lighting and other electrical appliances is carried out at a distance of more than 60 cm from the perimeter of sanitary users( bathtubs, sinks, toilets).There is a rule that wall lights are installed at a height of at least 2.25 m to protect them from accidental splashes.
Lighting devices in the bathroom and toilet, which are located in the most exposed areas of the water, should have special indicators of the hermeticity of the shell. They can be distinguished among others by the marking: IP 67 and a higher numerical value. This applies to other elements and consumers of the electricity network. However, for today, lighting has become integrated in the shower cabins, which eliminates the installation of devices in this hazardous area.
The insulation of the wiring must be carried out not only by electrical insulation tape, but also by heat shrinkage - a material that, when heated with a gas burner or lighter, contracts and creates a waterproof coating.
Whether it is lighting in the bathroom of a Khrushchev or a modern building-no matter what, it must be powerful, because the room is dark and does not have any sources of daylight and evening light. In this room it is more advisable to use halogen or LED lamps, which have a high illuminating power.
Appliances are best selected for directional action, with a reflector and use a ceiling mounting method with vertical lighting down. This is due to the decoration of the walls of the bathroom - most often with a facade that has the ability to produce many glare, unfavorable to vision. Places in which there should be the greatest concentration of illumination - a zone with a mirror and at a door, there it is necessary to arrange most of devices.
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A separate specific technique is the illumination of the perimeter or the glowing transparent floor, that is, the floor of reinforced thick glass, under which there is a layer of water and sealed lighting fixtures, LED strips. This requires special qualification of the masters performing these types of work. You can get acquainted with these design ideas by viewing the photos of lighting in bathrooms and their implementation options in reality.
There are special programs for modeling bathrooms in 3D, thanks to which you can create your own design project for decoration and lighting, but this is only possible for professional designers, you will have to understand very long.
