When it comes to houses made of wood for the private sector, it means either frame structures or ready-made log buildings( "beam") on a turn-key basis. Is it possible to erect the log houses on its own, as our ancestors did? The answer is unequivocal - yes, logging is quite possible for any masterovity master. The reader will learn about all of its nuances from this article.
The construction of any building is a complex of various activities, including both preparation for construction and the phased implementation of individual technological operations. We will not consider all of them, starting with the "zero" cycle, since the subject of the conversation is just logging. But one remark will not be superfluous. It concerns the most costly part of the structure, the foundation, the costs of which can reach ⅓ of the estimate.
What is its type to choose? Considering the relative ease of timber structures, it is advisable to limit the ribbon to a shallow or pile-foundation foundation. For any logging is quite enough, if the presence of a technological( basement) floor is not an indispensable condition. Although in this case there is a good solution - to "raise" the house, having equipped a higher base.
The general order of work is unchanged: foundation installation - lower crown - laying of samples from wood in rows( bottom to top) with simultaneous arrangement of openings for doors and windows. Next - the overlap and the rafter system. But what does "logging" mean? This connection of all blanks into a single design with a pre-selection of material in the intended "points".The erection of the walls of the building is impossible without reliable fixation of all the elements, therefore when working with wood in certain places of the log( bar), cuts are made.
Cutting technology
"Canadian" felling
With this technology, unlike the others, sapwood is preserved. This is a superficial, soft layer of wood, in which, in addition to nutrients, various resins are concentrated. Their presence protects the log from rotting.
Pros
- The heat loss of the log frame compared to other cutting methods is lower.
- In such a structure it is easier to maintain the immutability of the microclimate.
- Increased protection of the corner parts of the log from freezing and penetration of moisture.
- The durability of wood with sapwood is much higher.
- A log, built on the technology of "Canadian" cutting, caulk is not needed. Who understands how much this troublesome occupation and with what frequency is spent, will appreciate this advantage at its true worth.
Decoration "Norwegian"
Feature - in the form of "locks".They are wedge-shaped, and in the process of wood shrinkage the joint is maximally compressed.
Pros
- The risk of curling wood is minimal.
- Significant savings on the intervent insulation.
Technology is much like the previous one. The difference in the workpiece. With this method, the logs are pretreated in such a way that an oval appears in the cross section. The presence of openings and thorns in the grooves ensures spontaneous jamming of the "lock" during shrinkage.
Decking "Swedish"
And here the difference is in the form of a section of a log.
The advantage is obvious - this frame looks great. The downside is that this felling takes a long time, and is quite complicated. It will be necessary to carefully plan each log with high accuracy, strictly maintaining the dimensions of the faces.
The hook
This method of cutting is considered one of the most difficult.
With their own hands to erect a frame by such a technology can only be done by a master who has sufficient practical experience. But as a result, you can get a very strong, reliable and warm corner connection. There are 2 varieties of this technique, differing in the way the bowl is arranged.
- Up to half a log.
- Cross-cutting.
In the bowl of
One of the simplest ways of cutting, which has several options.
Pros
- Easy handling of logs.
- Save time compared to other methods.
Cons
- The need for regular caulking.
- Risk of liquids entering the bowl( draft, condensation).As a result - constant dampness, decay of wood and heat insulator.
- Necessity of qualitative warming of a log-house. The absence of joints makes the structure blown even after caulking.
For more information on the cutting process in the lower bowl, please refer to the video:
In the
, the difference is clear from the figure. The same bowl, only inverted. This method of logging protects the log from the accumulation of water in the castle joint. The difficulty is that the workpiece will have to be repeatedly turned, so more time is required for this technology of time.
Bottom - groove, top - bowl
This kind of felling is more complicated, because the log is processed from both sides. But the shortcomings of the two previous methods are virtually annulled. If the sampling of wood is done accurately, then the planting of the blanks will be as tight as possible.
In Kurdyuk
The presence of a spike increases the strength of all joints and eliminates the blowing of the log. Such felling is quite possible for any owner when building a log house with his own hands.
In oshjap
To make felling in this way everyone can.
However, professionals do not recommend to practice it when constructing a residential house. The frame, erected on this technology, even with insulation can be blown, so it is used mainly for subsidiary buildings.
No residue
The most famous technology is cutting in the paw.
This method also distinguishes several variants. More simple - with a straight paw, more difficult - with a beveled.
This kind of work is done with the help of pre-made templates only. The slightest inaccuracy in the compounds leads to the formation of cracks, and it is rather difficult to eliminate such defects.
So in practice, cutting logs into the paw looks like:
The author hopes that this small survey of the most used log cutting technologies will help the reader to choose the most convenient, from his point of view, way of building himself. Good luck!