Thermal insulation of a wooden house with your own hands

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Today, houses made of natural materials are becoming more popular. After all, they have many advantages, which together make living in them very comfortable and cozy. However, it is required to insulate the wooden house, since the tree alone can not provide sufficient level of heat protection. Only insulating the walls, you can get normal living conditions in the room in the winter. A wooden house, which has been processed with heat-insulating materials, can retain heat for a long time, which increases its service life. If it is necessary to choose a method of warming, usually there are a lot of questions that not everyone can give an unambiguous answer. It is with these vague moments that we will try to understand this article. In particular, we will find out how to properly insulate the walls, what material to choose, and how to equip the crate for wooden walls.

Contents

  • Highlights
  • Thermal insulation of wooden house from outside
  • Thermal insulation of wooden house from inside
  • Photo of insulation of wooden houses
  • Thermal insulation of wooden house: video

Highlights of

how to insulate a wooden house outside

According to experts, for each owner of a private wooden house, the issue of wall insulation should be one of the highest priorities. The walls can be insulated both from the outside and from the inside. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages. So, the main "weakness" of internal insulation is the reduction in the area inside the house. In addition, condensation often accumulates between the wall and the heat insulator. If the insulation is poorly installed, the walls will be affected by the external cold environment, which can eventually lead to cracks and splitting.

Thermal insulation of a wooden house follows a special technology. The order of arrangement of layers of warming "pie" is important. The first layer in the structure of the thermal insulation system should be a vapor barrier flooring. It is he who protects the house from getting moist air into the heat-insulating layers. Due to this, the wooden blocks, from which the building is erected, become less susceptible to the cutting and rotting. After laying the vapor barrier they begin to install insulation. This layer will keep warm air inside the building.

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Next, you need to lay the third layer - waterproofing. It is capable of retaining moisture and condensation. Before you begin to insulate the house, you need to decide which side will be done - outside or inside. The walls of logs are best insulated from inside, if only because the house does not lose its appearance. It is also important to choose the right material for warming wooden houses.

Now consider the technology of insulation of a house erected from a round bar. Here it is necessary to take into account that the installation of the thermal insulation layer can not be done in places where the overlapping is adjacent to the walls. The point is that there will be zones where heat is lost very quickly. These places are also called "cold islands".With external insulation you will receive the same heat loss throughout the wall area. A sharp temperature drop is usually noted closer to the outer walls. At the same time, "islands of cold" are located exactly where the heat-insulating layer is laid.

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It is possible to regulate the humidity in the house thanks to the facing of the walls with materials having a dense structure and not allowing water vapor to pass through. Mesh insulation is best placed from the outside. At the same time, it is possible to protect the wall from the effects of cold and precipitation flows with the help of a heat-insulating floor made of mineral wool. Thus, the house will keep the heat for a long time.

Of the disadvantages of external insulation of the house from the beam, it can be noted that this is quite a difficult job. In this case, the final appearance largely depends on the selected material. If there is no experience, you can entrust installation work to specialists.

Thermal insulation of a wooden house from outside

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When performing similar outdoor works, layers of thermal insulation are located in the middle between the walls. Typically, the following types of insulation are used for this:

  • Mineral( basalt) wool.
  • Polystyrene, or as it is also called polystyrene.

The popularity of these materials is determined by their strengths:

  1. Fire safety. Expanded polystyrene and basalt wadding do not ignite from open fire, they only smolder, not allowing the fire to spread further.
  2. Air and vapor tightness. Due to these qualities they create a thermos effect inside the house, keeping heat. This allows owners of a house warmed by such technology to spend less money on energy.
  3. Water resistance. These materials not only are not afraid of the action of moisture, but also perfectly divert it from the wooden walls, which positively affects the tree.

For embedding the cracks between the logs of a wooden house, felting, linen tow or jute can be used.

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Installation procedure:

  1. Before starting work on the surface of the walls, all additional elements are removed: shutters, shutters, drain pipes, etc.
  2. The first step is to install the vapor barrier. For this, as a rule, PVC film is used, however, sometimes aluminum foil or roofing material is used. When carrying out the installation of vapor barrier insulation, special attention should be paid to its tightness. To do this, laying is carried out with an overlap of at least 55 mm, which is fixed with the help of clamping wooden strips, or simply fastened with nails. The place where nails are hammered is sealed with an adhesive tape.
  3. To prevent the accumulation of condensate on the surface of the vapor barrier, technological holes with a diameter of at least 18 mm are provided in it. Thanks to them, incoming warm air from the wall surface will conduce the drying of the condensate. If the house is built of rounded logs, there is no need for technological holes. After all, in this case, the air will flow unhindered because of the unevenness of the surface.
  4. After laying the vapor barrier, you can install a wooden frame. As a material for it, strips of pine or spruce with a thickness of 40-55 mm are used. They are installed perpendicularly. If the horizontal boards are nailed over the vapor barrier layer, the vertical boards are fixed only after the first layer of mineral wool has been laid.
  5. For warming the walls of a wooden house, soft mineral wool plates are used. Its density should be about 90-110 kg / sq. M, and its width is 45-55 cm. This material is quite elastic and flexible, due to which it can be reliably attached to the frame. In addition, the strips will not be deformed due to the effects of wind and their weight.
  6. Material slabs should be laid so that no gaps remain. The lines along which the strata are joined must be flat. Carefully it is necessary to measure the joints of the material.
  7. Further it is necessary to provide constructions with protection from influence of a wind, i.e. Make sure that the insulation is not blown. For this purpose, polyethylene film is used, which has a good vapor permeability. Another fine piece of felt, but this material is considered less effective. Sometimes used also provoked paper.
  8. According to the scheme of warming the wooden house, the protective layer should be laid directly on the minnow, nailing it to the crate with nails. In addition, it is necessary to make an overlap of about 6-8 cm.
  9. By means of a self-adhesive tape, joints must be sealed. Between the thermal insulation and the planking boards it is necessary to fix the metal mesh, so that the sediments do not get inside. In addition, this will protect the construction from various insects.
  10. In order to finish with external insulation, it remains to install facade boards, which are usually made of pine, larch or oak. This kind of wood is best suited to different atmospheric phenomena. Before installing the bars, they should be painted or varnished. This will protect against moisture.

The technology of laying the material in many ways depends on how you want to see your country house. So, for example, boards on the facade can be cleaned both vertically and horizontally. On this external insulation device can be considered complete.

Thermal insulation of a wooden house from the inside

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Today there are several methods of warming the house from the inside. One of them is the technique of "warm seam".It is used in the event that the wall after the insulation will not be lined with various decorative plasters. This method allows minimizing the thermal conductivity of joints and seams of walls. The material is placed directly between the logs of the wall. Heaters in this case are synthetic sealants. These include, in particular, silicone, acrylic, latex and bitumen-rubber mixtures. You can also use natural sealants, for example, such as flnovata, tow and linen rope.

It should be noted some advantages of the "warm seam" technique. So, first of all, this is a fairly simple technique of warming a wooden house with your own hands. In addition, it is advantageous from an economical point of view. Also, this method allows to increase the thermal insulation properties of the wall, without disturbing the appearance of the building. In addition, this method differs steam throughput, and this has a favorable effect on the microclimate in the building. Of the rarely used can be called the insulation of the wooden house with foam.

One of the most popular methods is the insulation of a wooden house with mineral wool. Let us consider it in more detail. Warming material will be mats made of mineral fiber, glass wool or slag fiber. In general, the mineral wool has good thermal insulation properties, but it would not have become so popular if it did not have some other useful functions. So, this material can serve as noise isolation, and in its composition there are only environmentally friendly components. But because of the fibrous structure, it can pass through steam and accumulate moisture. Therefore, only the mineral wool can not be avoided during warming. In any case, it will be necessary to install layers of steam and waterproofing.

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Next, we will analyze the order of insulation works from the inside:

  1. According to the technology of warming the wooden house, first of all, you need to repair all the cracks and crevices that are in the masonry. This can be done with various synthetic sealants. In addition, the wall must be treated with an antiseptic.
  2. After which you can proceed with the arrangement of the battens, which consists of two parts. The first of these is a transverse crate, which is made of metal profiles. They are placed usually so that between them there was a distance of about 0.7 m. And they are located across the log masonry.
  3. The second part of the battens is a grating, which is made of the same metal profiles. But in this case it already fits along the masonry. Thanks to the crate, it will be possible to attach the mineral wool to the wall and provide a ventilated gap that will ensure a normal withdrawal of excess steam. In addition, this will not give rise to condensation.
  4. After the battens it is possible to proceed with the installation of the insulation, in our case mineral wool. Minvat is recommended to use in the form of mats. The fact is that such a structure can withstand rather large mechanical loads and thus the thermal insulation properties will not be violated.
  5. The insulation is usually not adhered to the surface of the wall. Usually it is laid between the metal profile of the crate. Seams should not be wider than 1.5 mm. The joints are then sealed with adhesive tapes.
  6. After the insulation, it is possible to deal with the vapor barrier, which is usually overlapped, while making a small allowance so that the material does not tear due to thermal expansion. Will only do the finish. It should be attached to the metal profile or lag if the frame is made of them.

Photo of wooden houses insulation

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Thermal insulation of wooden house: video

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