Forced dehumidification of the site is carried out in various ways. But if the groundwater table is high enough, then it is necessary to conduct a whole complex of measures, and sometimes quite complex, requiring both time and certain material costs. With the way to properly organize drainage on the site, we will understand this article.
Inexperienced gardeners( owners of small private houses) often express the opinion that if there is not a large structure on the site, with a buried foundation that can "swim", then there is nothing to do. This does not take into account the negative factors associated with the high location of the groundwater table( how to determine it, read here), which further significantly complicate the life of the owners.
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Decay of the root system of plantings. - The emergence of hygrophilous vegetation, which is absolutely unnecessary at the garden site( house area)( for example, horsetail, reeds).
- Leaching of soil nutrients.
- Increased risk of corrosion of utilities - water supply, sewerage and so on.
- Flooding of the basement, cellar, cesspool or "pushing" the septic from the ground.
- An abundance of insects and such lovers of moisture, like toads, snails, snakes.
- Constant smell of rot, dampness.
By the way, not all clearly represent, and what is this - groundwater? The picture clearly explains.
What to take into account
- Less time-consuming, surface drainage in this case is absolutely inefficient.
- Not only the individual segments of the territory where any objects( home, toilet, auxiliary buildings, wells, etc.) are located are drained, but also the entire site. A more extensive system ensures that drainage will be truly effective.
operation procedure It is understood that the owner of the land allotment has already carried out all the necessary survey activities and has ascertained that the groundwaters are really not deep.
Pipe system
Trenching
It is cut along the perimeter of the base of any object. The width is chosen based on the convenience of working in her adult person, and the depth is determined by the level of the foundation. In the corners it is necessary to expand the trench, since wells will be built in these places. They are both inspection and technological( if necessary, cleaning the system on a separate section of the route).
The bottom is filled with PGS( or a mixture of fine gravel with sand) and compacts well. This "pillow" is necessary to exclude the deformation of the drainage system during soil movements.
Laying pipes
First, what? For drainage systems, blanks are used in which holes are drilled radially along the entire length. Through them, water penetrates the main line. Such products are on sale. It is hardly expedient to do the drilling of pipes, considering that their cross section is round. Pipes with a different profile, as a rule, do not apply. A rectangular section - rather, the box, and the thickness of their walls is usually insignificant.
- Self-preparation of conventional pipes can be limited to through cuts in their walls. This is much easier to make than drilling.
- 100 - 110 mm - quite a sufficient cross-section of pipes.
Secondly, from what material? Taking into account the fact that the heavy equipment does not move along the adjacent( garden) plot, which means that there will be no heavy load on the soil, it is worth choosing between plastic and asbestos cement.
Thirdly, before installing the pipes they need to be wrapped with a geotextile cloth. The peculiarity of this material is that it passes only liquids, and delays the solid fractions. Without this, the pipes will constantly be silted.
Backfilling of the trench
- First the layer of ASG is laid in such a way that it covers the pipes with a layer( it is called a drainage pipe) of not less than 10 cm, which is again compacted.
- Next is the earth.
- Above the trench is covered with previously removed turf.
By the same method pipes are laid and on the territory. At all bends of the route wells are installed.
The last question - where is groundwater allocated? As options: a watershed pit is being built or pipes are taken out of the territory. Everything is decided on the basis of local conditions.
Surplus water from the tank can be used for household needs. To do this, a branch pipe is installed in its upper part, through which liquid will flow out when the reservoir overflows.
Pond
Another method, although the expediency of this technique is determined not only by the size of the territory, but also by the availability of free space on it, as well as the possibility of equipping the reservoir. The bottom line is that a small artificial reservoir is being set up on the site( how to make a pond, read here).Its task is to collect, accumulate excess groundwater. The fundamental difference of such a hydraulic structure from traditional summer pools is that the layer of waterproofing is not installed. The pit basin from the inside is covered with rubble alternately with ASG, without stacking any protective films and membranes.
A good solution, especially for plots with water supply problems. Water will always be at hand. And if you lay out the pit so that the filtration of the liquid is of good quality, it will be clean and completely suitable for various purposes.
