How to choose a toilet for a summer residence

This topic is often bypassed by a delicate silence, and completely in vain. After all, the toilet is for every civilized person a necessity, no matter where he is at the moment - in his apartment or on a country plot.

Ordinary approach - in the suburban area, in the most remote corner of the house, a cesspool is digging, above which a small wooden structure is built, used as a toilet. However, over time an unpleasant smell can begin to spread to the whole district, hammering the scents of the forest and mown grass, so the owners of the plot begin to come up with different ways to localize it. And, you see, it's not very pleasant to run to the restroom through the whole site, especially at night or in inclement weather. Therefore, a convenient adaptation was developed, such as a bio-toilet, many models of which allow you to manage not only without a cesspool, but without the construction of a secluded place.

Currently, the range of these instruments, convenient for a comfortable stay of a person outside the city, is quite wide. And in order to figure out which one to choose a toilet for a summer residence, it is necessary to get acquainted with the characteristics and principles of operation of different models.

Application possibilities of dry closets

Biotoilets in their majority are compact, small in size and weight of the device, which can, nevertheless, vary significantly in design, depending on the type of product. But in each of them there are two cameras - upper and lower. The upper serves as a toilet, and the lower one is used for the collection and processing of waste products.

cameras. The biotoilet is easy to assemble and does not require communication. It can be installed in almost any convenient room in the house, or, if desired, a small separate building is built for it. If there is no possibility to perform laborious work on excavating a cesspool, it is possible to select a model that will allow using environmentally friendly fillers poured out after use in any part of the suburban area.

The modern design of most biotoilets is mobile, therefore, leaving for a summer residence or just a picnic for nature, you can take it with you by loading it into the trunk of the car.

Unfortunately, even in the city, not all private houses are connected to the sewer collector, many do not have well-equipped septic tanks, and therefore tenants have to use the toilet located on the street. Especially uncomfortable is the use in winter, so in this situation, the ideal solution may be the same bio-toilet.

Is it difficult to build a country toilet?

Be that as it may, despite the emergence of new developments, there are still and will be supporters of the construction of the ordinary cottage toilet .To help them - a separate publication of our portal with an overview of simple buildings and instructions for their independent construction.

In addition to mobile options, there are also stationary designs of biotoilets. Typically, for this type of device is provided a separate room, the type of a normal bathroom.

The main types of modern household toilets: liquid, peat, electric. There are also so-called disposable toilets, but they are intended only for emergency cases, and there is no sense to consider them.

Liquid biotoilets

Design and principle of operation

Liquid toilets are devices in which waste is recycled using a special kind of liquid added to water. Their design is most convenient, compact, can have different height and volume of tanks. So, the most common sizes of mobile liquid toilets are 320 × 380 × 310 mm and 450 × 450 × 420 mm.

Liquid biotoilets can be installed in virtually any place convenient for the occupants of the house, as it is hygienic and does not emit any odors.

The design assumes the existence of two departments connected to each other and water tanks. The upper section looks like a toilet - it is equipped with a seat and a lid. In addition, it has a pump for draining the water.

In most mobile designs, the upper part of the device includes a water tank.

The lower part of the device serves as a collector and place for processing waste. Due to special compositions, waste of vital activity is deprived of an unpleasant odor, their continuous decomposition proceeds to a liquid consistency. In addition, the bottom section of the dry closet is equipped with a sealant, which deters smells from the newly received waste until it is completely neutralized. Some of the models of this kind of biotoilets have a special indicator that will warn the user about the level of the bottom capacity. If the waste collector is empty or half full, the indicator will be green, and if the tank needs cleaning, the color will change to red.

In liquid biotoilets, several types of reagents are used that are used for waste disposal. They are divided into chemical and special microorganisms( biological).

Special disinfecting and biodegradable biodegradable liquid formulations are poured into the lower container and begin to work immediately when there is waste. A flavoring composition is added to the water tank, which also helps remove odors and facilitates flushing of waste.

• When used in a biotoilete environmentally friendly liquid containing special microorganisms that recycle waste to neutral components and water, it can be poured on the ground in any place and will be absolutely safe for the environment, and will not bring discomfort to people. Typically, such formulations are green - so they are easier to distinguish from chemicals that are also designed to decompose waste and remove odors.
• Chemicals are more aggressive than biocomponents, and, beginning to work on waste, are able to convert them into a liquid mass with a uniform consistency and a neutral odor in a day.

When using chemicals, draining the liquid from a filled toilet should be carried out in a separate pit, as this composition can damage plants and animals.

It is not difficult to operate a bio-toilet. After filling the bottom tank and the need to clean it, the upper unit of the device is removed from it, and then the waste tank is taken out to the discharge site. It is better if it is a sewage system or a special pit for waste outside the site. Lower tanks are usually equipped with a convenient reset button and a drain connector, which ensures their accurate cleaning. After emptying the tank, it must be rinsed and filled with ordinary water with the addition of one of the toilet compositions, diluted in accordance with the instructions on its vial.

When using a liquid biotoilet it is not recommended to throw in it usual toilet paper, as it does not decompose under the influence of liquids used to neutralize waste. Therefore, or for it it is necessary to provide a separate container, or use a special paper designed specifically for biotoilets.

When choosing a liquid biotoilet, several factors need to be considered:

The volume of the waste container. It is necessary to know that a tank having a volume of 10 ÷ 12 liters is calculated for approximately 20 ÷ 30 uses, and the filling period will be 3 ÷ 4 days, provided that it is used by no more than three people. If a longer period of application is required without cleaning, it is necessary to purchase a biotoilet with a capacity of 20 ÷ 25 liters, which is designed for 50 uses, which corresponds to about a week of operation for three people.

The weight of the biotoiler with a tank for 12 ÷ 13 liters will be about 14 ÷ 15 kg, and the volume of 20 ÷ 25 liters - 22 ÷ 27 kg. This factor must be taken into account, as it will have to be lifted when the cleaning time comes.

The height of the toilet is also of great importance, especially if an older person or child is using it, so this criterion must be taken into account when buying. So, for example, the device in height in 420 mm will be inconvenient for small children, and height in 310 mm obviously will not approach for people of high growth.

Types of consumables for liquid toilets

Having clarified the basic design and operation of the biotoilet, it is worthwhile familiarizing yourself with the means that are used for it.

As mentioned above, these agents differ in their composition, in the way they prepare the working solution, in packing, etc. However, each of them must fully perform the following functions:

• Disinfecting action.
• Neutralization of unpleasant odors.
• Fast waste disposal.

The main types, widely used at present, are ammonium, formaldehyde and biological compounds.

Biological Composition Packaging Ammonia Compositions

Ammonium-based formulations are effective enough for mobile biotoilets, but they decompose under oxygen for 4-7 days. The waste recycled with this composition can be used to add them to the compost material, so this product gives a "non-waste option" with the maximum benefit for the person. One liter of concentrated ammonium compound will be sufficient for three months of operation of a biotoilet with a volume of 20 liters.

Formaldehyde formulations

Formaldehyde-based agents can be called the most effective for the decomposition of waste in a dry closet, since they have the most potent chemical composition. The main disadvantage of this tool is that it must be disposed of through the central sewage system. Fill the filled container in the soil in the suburban area or even near it - is completely unacceptable, since this composition is toxic. Therefore, formaldehyde formulations, apparently, are not suitable for use in suburban conditions.

One liter of this concentrate is enough for 3 ÷ 4 months for a biotoilet for the same 20 liters.

Biological products

Biological products have a composition of living bacteria, and is environmentally friendly and safe for the environment and human. Such compounds are able to convert wastes of biotoilets into fertilizers for gardens or flower beds.

Biological compositions disinfect water and eliminate odors, and also process biological waste in fertile compost. Many of them are able to prevent the development of pathogens and even kill viable eggs of helminths, pathogenic microflora and other negative manifestations. Since the preparations are biological, they do not contain chlorine, formaldehyde and phosphate additives, therefore, they are ideal for use in biotoilets in the country. Their most important disadvantage is a higher price than other chemicals made on a chemical basis.

In addition to the formulations that cause waste processing, special compounds are used, and for the upper tank - for water intended for flushing. They eliminate external smells, facilitate flushing and significantly reduce water consumption.

It is advisable to purchase compositions made by the same manufacturer and on the same basis, as they will fit well with each other.

Manufacturers of dry closet

In specialized shops and online catalogs there is a wide choice of products for biotoilets, domestic and foreign manufacturers. Compositions differ among themselves and the basic components, and prices.

Compositions made by AquaRinse and Campa Green( Golladnia), Septicsol( Canada) and Biola( Russia) are quite popular and effective. The most affordable product is the Russian company "Rodas", which produces various products, including biotoilets under the brand "Biola".

When buying a bio-toilet, it should be remembered that not every tool is suitable for it. Incorrectly selected members can not only fail to cope with the task, but also damage the system of the device. It is necessary to purchase only specially formulated for this purpose compounds. On the packaging and in the instructions for use, the purpose and composition of the concentrate, the rules for its preparation for refilling the container, must be clearly marked. Only after carefully studying the instructions, it will be possible to decide on the purchase of a particular composition.

Electric biotoilets

Dry toilets The electrical dry closets usually consist of a plastic toilet seat and two receptacles separated from each other - the first is designed for processing solid waste, and the second is responsible for the disposal of liquid.

On the market you can find models that are designed for the removal of liquid waste into the sewage or drainage system, as well as their complete evaporation. Solid waste is usually dried completely to a powdery state with the help of a compressor built into the body of the biotoilet.

Odors from electric models are diverted by forced ventilation.

The positive qualities of this type of dry closet are as follows:

• For effective operation of an electrical appliance, you do not need to purchase chemical or biological consumables. After the recycling of the waste, an environmentally friendly compost material is obtained at the output, which is ideal for fertilizing the soil in the suburban area.
• Since the waste is dried to a powder state, they do not take up much space in the tank, so the cleaning of the camera can be done only 2 ÷ 3 times a year.
• For electric toilet no waste liquid is required.
• Due to the fact that the design is built-in forced draft, there are no unpleasant odors.

The disadvantages of an electric biotoilet include the following:

• In the absence of electricity, this device can not be used.
• Electric toilet can be referred to stationary devices, which means that it is necessary to allocate a separate room for it.
• This device must necessarily be equipped with a forced draft, taken out to the street.
• The high price of electric models can also be attributed to negative factors. So, the cost it varies between 1 and 1.5 thousand dollars.

In Russian stores you can find electric toilets produced by Swedish manufacturers "Separett"( "Villa" brand) and "Biolet"( "Cinderella" brand).

If the country house is equipped and is designed for all-season living, there are no interruptions with electricity supply on the site, and the price of this device does not seem daunting, then it is possible to choose this option, for convenience's sake.

Video: about the merits and demerits of the electrical dry closet

Peat toilets

Features of the device and functioning

The most simple and affordable option, the cleanest from the ecological point of view is the peat bio-toilet. This type wins much compared to the traditional summer cesspool.

The peat version of the toilet can be purchased ready-made, or it can be built independently, especially since this does not require particularly high costs. To do this, all you need is a suitable container, for example, a bucket, and a toilet seat for it, a box for the filler, the filler itself - peat, and a place for collecting the already processed biomaterial - compost.

A peat toilets for a dacha or a private house not equipped with sewerage should have a lower capacity for human waste. To use this device, water is not required at all, since before using the toilet, a peat filler is poured into its container, onto which waste is deposited, topped with another layer of peat.

The disadvantage of peat bio-toilet is that it requires a separate, well-ventilated room, for example, an extension to the house or a building away from the dwelling. This factor is due to the fact that this design does not provide for the use of agents that remove the smell completely, and peat to neutralize it completely can not.

extension will be required. If you arrange the peat toilet yourself, you can provide a waste separation scheme, as shown in this figure. In this case, the liquid is drained from the bowl by means of a hose and collected in a separate container, and solid waste is mixed with the peat mass and composted in a special tank for them, from where, as they accumulate, they are moved to a compost pit.

The scheme of the device for a ready peat bio-toilet can be studied according to this figure, and based on the dimensions presented, it will be easy to manufacture it yourself.

Today on sale it is possible to find plastic containers of the appropriate form, and only a comfortable toilet seat will remain. It can be made, for example, from an old wooden chair, having shortened for convenience of a leg and having lined its bottom part from three parties by boards or plastic panels.

There are a lot of advantages to this design, and the following points can be attributed to them:

• No water is needed to use this kind of bio-toilet.
• Cleaning of the tank from solid wastes is less frequent than the same volume of the capacity of the liquid bio-toilet.
• The peat toilet is absolutely ecological, and the waste mixed with peat does not pollute the environment.
• This type of biotoilet has the most affordable price from all existing to date similar devices and devices.
• The cost of the filler is also much lower than for chemical and biological agents.

As with any device, the peat bio-toilet has its drawbacks:

• As mentioned above, this device requires the arrangement of a separate room with good ventilation.
• In order for the tank to be filled as long as possible, it is recommended to install a tube to drain liquid into a separate container for which a canister can be used.
• The design can only be stationary.

Filler for peat bio-toilet

Bacteria contained in peat mass, promote the rapid decomposition of solid waste of human life and their transformation into compost fertilizer for the soil of the suburban area. When peat waste is spilled, the abundant spread of unpleasant odor is suppressed, and also faster composting occurs.

For backfilling in the bio-toilet it is necessary to use only a dry filler, while it can be safely and conveniently stored next to the stool. The filler layers are filled every time, before using the toilet and immediately afterwards.

Sometimes, the owners of such devices try to replace peat with small chips or sawdust, but it should be understood that these materials will not give such an effect and will not facilitate the fastest processing of waste into the compost mass. Sawdust can be used, but only making a mixture of peat and peat in proportions of 1: 1, and only if a bowl with a capacity of at least 50 liters is used as a toilet bowl. With this use of dry composition, the layers of filler and waste will be provided with good aeration, which will help to activate the process of decomposition and mixing of the constituents into the total mass.

Models of peat biotoilets

A few words should be said about the most popular models of peat biotoilets that can be purchased today in specialized stores, since many hoshcheva suburban housing still prefer finished products to self-made.

Peat composting toilets "Piteco 505"

The biotoilet of the company "Piteco" of the Russian production is a structure consisting of two parts. In its upper part there is a toilet seat and a block for filling the peat mixture, as well as a mechanism for its supply. In the lower block there is a drainage system, a storage tank and filter elements. The departments of the dry closet can be easily connected and disconnected when cleaning the tank.

The body of the toilet is made of sanitary plastic. The contents of the storage unit are prudently closed by doors that open only when using the toilet.

The manufacturer manufactures models with a different volume of the storage department, which varies from 45 to 72 liters, with a product height of 400 to 600 mm. The biotoilete is designed for a maximum load of 150 to 250 kg.

The price for different models, depending on their volume, can be from 325 to 530 USD, but it should be noted that we can find simpler "budget" options at a price of 160 ÷ 170 US dollars.

Peat composting bio-toilet "Biolan Naturum"

This kind of bio-toilet is produced by the Finnish company "Biolan", and belongs to the structures of increased comfort. Due to this, it can be installed both in the premises of the toilet on the street, and indoors. Almost all models are equipped with wheels that facilitate the movement of the product if it needs cleaning.

This product is a single unit, not divided into blocks, and has dimensions suitable for installation in a room of the same size as a standard apartment's toilet. Its dimensions are: 840 × 740 × 810 mm, seat height 470 ÷ 490 mm, weight - about 40 kg, internal capacity - 30 liters, the volume of the compost tank - 7 kg.

The kit includes all the elements necessary for operation: ventilation pipes, drainage and ladle for dosing the peat mixture. Since the composting composting toilet, it is possible to compost any organic matter. In this model of the biotoilet, the function of waste separation is realized, which is convenient for cleaning it.

The company "Biolan" produces a very large number of models having different sizes and shapes. The prices for products vary from 130 to 560 USD

Peat composting bio-toilet "Ekomatic"

Another Finnish producer, quite popular on the Russian market, is Ekomatic. Products of this brand are of high quality and variety of shapes and sizes.

The shown version has a storage capacity of 110 liters, the height of the seat is 500 mm, the weight of the biotoilet is 24 kg. This and other models of this company as a whole are identical to the "Biolan" bio-toilet.

Prices for peat bio-toilets «Ekomatic» range from 320 to 600 USD

Stationary composting toilets

Another version of the biotoilet with the use of peat as an active filler is more complicated in the design, since it is a building having a special compartment( chamber) for processing waste into the compost from below.

Such a construction looks quite expensive, but it will pay off very quickly, as it will bring a double benefit - to play the role of a toilet and to be a place for making and storing compost. In addition, you do not have to spend not only on the purchase of fertilizers, but also on their delivery.

Having built this biotoilet once, you can be sure that it will serve for many years, and all this time fertilizer for the garden and flower beds will always be at hand.

In this scheme it can be seen that the biotoilet consists of a top clean room where a block with a stool is installed. Under the toilet room, a closed chamber with a ceiling height of about one and a half meters is set up, into which waste, mixed with peat, gets through the hole in the stool. In the lower part of the opposite wall from the discharge of the wall waste, a door is installed to clear the finished compost. Inside the chamber a slope is set not less than 30˚ - it is necessary for even distribution of waste. This bias is arranged from the wall behind the stool with the slope to the cesspool. And under this hill there must be room for free circulation of warm air, which will come from the solar collector installed near the wall, and enter the chamber through the hole above it. To penetrate the warm air deep into the mass from the waste and peat, a perforated pipe is fixed in the wall, which will ensure an excellent aeration and waste processing in the compost.

To remove compost from the chamber, it is not necessary to descend to it - it will be enough to open the door and use the shovel to take the necessary amount of biofertilizer.

. It is possible to arrange a biotoilet that will be located directly under the house, but for this purpose the composting chamber( C) is sealed and the liquid waste is collected in a separate container( position 5)camera, as it will need to be emptied quite often.

In this case, the toilet room is located on the ground floor( in the scheme is indicated by the letter B).

In order to divide the waste into different chambers, it is necessary to install a toilet seat( item 3) through which solid waste, together with peat, will flow into the compost compartment( C), and a urinal( item 4) connected to the liquid collection container(key 5).In the sealed chamber with solid waste, a ventilation pipe( 2) is carried out, which will discharge all evolved fumes to the outside. Next to the liquid collection tank, a door( item 1) is installed in the wall, through which it will be possible to easily get compost to fertilize the soil in the garden.

It should be noted that in the liquid container, if desired, biological agents can be added for the bottom tank of the biotoilet. If it is decided to use this toilet constantly, then the tank for collecting the liquid must be chosen in dark color or at least opaque.

Criteria for choosing a dry closet for a summer residence

When making a choice of a dry closet for use in a summer house, you need to pay special attention to certain points.

The volume of the filling tank

This parameter will determine the frequency of cleaning the device. For example, as already noted, a capacity of 12 ÷ 14 liters is designed for 28 ÷ 30 uses, and 20 ÷ 23 liter toilet - 50. When choosing a bio-toilet according to this criterion, it is necessary to take into account the number of family members who will use it and the estimated frequencycleaning, so you do not have to spend it too often.

Weight of the accumulated storage tank

If the biotoilelet is purchased for an elderly person, it is necessary to take into account its weight in the filled state, so that it is not too heavy for lifting. In this case, it is better to make calculations for frequent, but comfortable cleaning. Therefore, it will be optimal to choose a bio-toilet in which the lower tank will have a volume of no more than 12 ÷ 14 liters, and the weight at filling will be only 14 ÷ 16 kg, since the 20-liter container together with the liquid weighs not less than 22 ÷ 23 kg.

To choose a mobile toilet by this criterion you need to approach, really appreciating your strength, so that later cleaning the toilet does not become an excruciating procedure.

Height of the toilet seat of the biotoilet

This parameter is also important, especially when there are small children in the house. Probably, it is necessary to dwell on a model of such a height that it would be comfortable for all members of the family, that is, the middle one, since too high a stool would be inconvenient for children, and too low for adults. If the bio-toilet is purchased specifically for the child, as a pot, then it is worth choosing a height of approximately 300 mm.

The indicator of capacity filling

Models with an indicator that shows the degree of filling of the bottom capacity are somewhat more expensive, but choosing an option with this element will not have to worry about refilling the tank. In addition, the indicator will help to save on consumables intended for recycling, since, fearing overflow, most often users are cleaning a half-empty container, which could still be used for a long time.

Draining button

There are three versions of the control that causes the drain:

The button is a corrugated pump, when pressed, it immediately flushes the waste into the lower container.

The piston pump for creating the required pressure for flushing will require several strokes - only after that the water will flow into the toilet bowl. No doubt, the first option is more convenient to use, but the price for models with a drain button is higher.

The electric pump operates on battery power, which predetermines the need to always have a corresponding element in stock. But when the button is pressed, water immediately, without additional pumping, enters the bowl of the toilet bowl.

electric pump is very convenient. Winter

bio-toilet If in the winter months the dachas were mostly empty, today many people prefer to live in countryside conditions even in the cold season. In the event that the toilet is in a heated room, there will be no problems with its operation. Another thing is if all the "conveniences" are on the street.

To use a dry closet in a street environment it was comfortable even in the colder months, you can buy a peat or chemical device. Especially for this purpose, non-freezing liquids are produced on a chemical basis, and peat in a dry state will not freeze and in severe frost. The use of these models of the toilet and the appropriate consumables will not require any significant additional costs.

Another, more comfortable option, can be a thermal toilet, which can also be bought today in shops and on the Internet.

One of these devices is the all-season summer dry closet "Termotoilet" produced in Finland, working on peat and composting waste.

Peat composting toilets "Termotoilet"

In this model, designers took into account all the wishes of summer residents living in the country all year round - it is easy to use, durable and easy to take out the finished compost.

Composting of waste in this model occurs all year round. The biotoilete has a strong heat-insulated casing, in addition, it provides neutralization of unpleasant odors.

The thermostat has a wear-resistant warm seat, which does not require heating the power supply and water. The storage tank of this model has a volume of 230 liters.

Dimensions of the dry closet "Termotoilet":

• The total height of it is 980 mm.
• The height of the lower part, up to the seat - 425 mm.
• The width of the seat is 800 mm.
• The depth of the seat is 600 mm.
• The diameter of the vent is 110 mm.

The body is made of hygienic, wear-resistant plastic that does not react to temperature changes. The seat is made of foamed polypropylene, so it always remains warm. The metal handle of the dispenser is powder coated.

The price for thermal toilets can vary from 200 USDThe presented variant will cost in the sum of about 300 u.s.

In conclusion, I would like to say that the solution to the problem of the toilet room directly depends on the financial possibilities and the preference of the owner of the country house:

• This can be a compact device with liquid waste treatment.
• Costly and requires a stationary installation of an electric bio-toilet, recycling waste by evaporation and drying.
• Comfortable to use dry-toilets, which will actively recycle waste at any time of the year, regardless of the installation location and outdoor temperatures.
• Continuously functioning peat bio-toilet, arranged in a separate building erected for it or installed in a dedicated room.

The main criterion that must be met is the comfort of using the device for all family members.

And in conclusion - a small video story with tips for choosing a dry closet for a country house:

Video: how to choose the bio-toilet