Furnace arrangement
Few people today are familiar with such a concept as a stove. Especially it concerns the townspeople living in apartments and private houses equipped with central heating and gas. But if you are still faced with the need to arrange housing with a brick stove, but it is necessary to thoroughly understand all the intricacies of the work, consult with a specialist, view the photos of the finished stoves and, above all, draw up a draft of the future design.
But first we'll figure it out, what does the cooking-heating furnace consist of?
- Foundation. Despite the fact that the object is inside the house, it has its own foundation, not connected with the foundation of the house. Like any construction design, the furnace eventually shrinks, so it needs reliable support. Lay it out of brick or reinforced concrete blocks.
- Waterproofing. It consists of several layers of ruberoid, which are laid over the foundation.
- An ashtray( ash pit) covered with masonry. In it, wood charcoal is awakened, so regular cleaning of the ashtray is necessary to ensure ventilation and better burning of firewood;
- Grate of steel or cast iron;
- A firebox in which a process of burning wood takes place. The larger it is, the higher the efficiency of the furnace;
- Chimney for the removal of combustion products from outside the housing.
In the design of heating and cooking furnaces, several additional elements are provided - a jumper for regulating the direction of furnace gases, a plate for cooking food and a built-in hot water tank.
Materials and tools for the construction of the furnace
To entrust construction to professionals or to do it yourself - to choose you. The services of experienced stoves are expensive, a more economical option is to make a stove of their own. For this you will need:
- Refractory( for firebox and base) and ordinary red brick( for the main part);
- Chimneys;
- Door for firebox;
- Cast iron grille;
- Damper;
- Cement( for laying the foundation);
- Clay-sand mortar;
- Hammer, trowel, level, gon and other tools.
Construction technology
The construction of a brick kiln must begin with laying the foundations - the foundation. To do this, dig a half meter deep pit, filled with rubble and carefully compacted. After that, the whole bottom is poured with a liquid solution. The width of the pit should be slightly larger than the cooking furnace itself.
The foundation, in order to save, is done in this way: the front part is made of bricks, and the inside is made of densely packed stones filled with cement.
Further it is necessary to measure by level and to deduce a solution ideally flat horizontal surface, on which the first row of a brick is laid out. Then comes the waterproofing from the roofing material and another layer of bricks on the cement mortar.
It will not be used any more, the rest of the masonry will be made on the clay-sand mixture:
- The sand-clay ratio in the solution is 1/5 depending on the quality of the clay;
- The clay is soaked in water for several days before use;
- The finished mixture should not spread and stick to the trowel;
The thickness of the mortar layer affects the strength of the masonry and the duration of its operation. The thicker the layer, the faster repairs will be required.
Do not forget about safety. Avoid the occurrence of fire will help iron sheet in front of the furnace, as well as filling the gap between the chimney and the ceiling by any incombustible material with low thermal conductivity.
