Plaster of gypsum - what is it and what options are available

It is customary to call gypsum plaster a building material, which is widely used for finishing surfaces. The material is indispensable in the performance of plaster work in domestic household premises.
Plaster from gypsum is an environmentally friendly material, based on gypsum, which is a natural component.
The use of gypsum plasters allows: to create a special microclimate in the room, to save heat, reduce noise insulation, improve fire resistance.

Due to the porous structure of the material in the room, excess moisture is removed, and when the temperature rises, the air again becomes saturated with moisture. Such properties of plaster allow maintaining a healthy microclimate.
Plaster from gypsum has become more in demand today. For surface treatment, it is used more often than sheets made of plasterboard or a mixture of cement and lime.

Composition of gypsum plaster

The basis of the plaster mixture is natural gypsum. To improve various properties, various lightweight fillers and modifying additives are included in the formulation. Their inclusion improves the adhesion of the composition, reduces the consumption of material, reduces the time of complete drying.

Gypsum plaster is produced in the form of dry mixes, which are packaged in kraft bags. Prepacked dry plaster is stored in special conditions. Shelf life does not exceed 6 months from the date of issue. This period may be limited by improper storage conditions. The storage room must be dry.
Plaster from gypsum is best suited for finishing the surfaces of dry interior.
The gypsum plaster can be cast in a thick enough layer, removing almost any irregularities, holes or deep damage.

Types of gypsum plaster

Plaster made of gypsum from the company VOLMA-Layer consists of a gypsum binder, and as a lightweight filler additives are used, including mineral and chemical.
This is an excellent material when leveling ceilings, walls. Using a plaster mixture allows you to get a surface that is already suitable for painting, cladding or wallpapering.
Knauf plaster has higher qualities. But it is much more expensive than plaster firm Volma.

The main advantages of plaster from gypsum

Application of gypsum plaster allows to improve the heat-insulating properties of the room, reducing the cost of heating.
Plastered walls with gypsum plaster walls have increased noise insulation, increase the degree of fire protection.
Indoor microclimate improves in the rooms. Walls can absorb excess moisture and give it away with a rapid temperature increase.
Gypsum plaster can hide defects from a potential spill. If you are flooded by neighbors, then after complete drying, as a rule, the defects themselves are eliminated.
Gypsum plaster allows you to create surfaces that do not require further finishing work, such as putty.
The surface is already prepared for final processing. It can be applied decorative coatings.
If the plaster is applied to a concrete base, the surface is pre-primed.
Time of complete drying of the layer of gypsum plaster does not exceed 5 days.

The plaster consumption from gypsum is much less than that of cement.
Plaster of gypsum can be applied to a thickness of up to 60 mm without fear of cracking, flaking or the formation of shells.

Application of gypsum plaster

For application of the plaster layer of their gypsum, certain conditions must be observed.
Before applying the plaster, the surface must be cleaned of dirt, old paint, dust, old plaster and treated with a primer in several layers.
The work is carried out at a temperature of + 5. .. 25 ° C and a humidity of not more than 60%.

How to prepare a solution?

Water is poured into a clean container and the dry mix is ​​poured. At 0.5 liters, 1 kg of dry mixture is required. It is easy to calculate that a 30 kilogram bag will require 15 liters of water.
The resulting mixture is well kneaded with a mixer. The mixed solution is aged for 5 minutes and mixed again.
The shelf life of the solution obtained in this way does not exceed half an hour. During this time you have to work out a ready-made solution.
The new solution is prepared in a clean container.

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How to plaster the wall with gypsum plaster

A mortar of gypsum can be cast on a surface of up to 50 mm thick, and sometimes up to 80 mm. The mortar on the walls is applied from the bottom upwards and is leveled by the rule.
In order to apply the solution to the ceiling, it is necessary to pre-fix the reinforcing mesh.
Surplus material can be cut after 40 minutes.

If necessary, the cleaned and puttyed surface is wetted with water and rubbed with a sponge float. This is done on plaster, not pushed by a finger( after about 10. .. 20 min after stripping).
To obtain a high-quality coating in the room, it is necessary to exclude drafts within 24 hours, direct sunlight, do not apply intensive drying.
At the end of the cycle, the room must be ventilated, excess moisture removed.
For complete drying of the plaster layer, it takes up to 14 days. The surface becomes light and dry.
Remember! A surface with a moisture content of not more than 1% is suitable for painting.
The gypsum surface can not be painted with lime paints.

From ready mixes it is recommended to use Knauf plaster and domestic mixes Volma or Starateli.

For the preparation of gypsum mortars with their own hands, it is best to use building gypsum, natural or artificial fillers.
You can prepare a plaster cast by yourself only by a professional builder.
It is better for novice plasters to use ready-made dry mixes, recommended above.

Below are the recipes for the preparation of plaster mixtures with your own hands.

Recipe 1
Composition: on a bag of mixtures of Eunips, Rothband or ABS, take a bag of sawdust as small as possible and add 3. .. 4 bags of gypsum building.
Thoroughly mix all the ingredients taken dry to obtain a uniform mass.

By the way, the resulting mixture can be stored in this form. You just need to pour it into dry plastic bags.

Mixture is used in small parts. It adds a small amount of water, and the mixture is diluted with a mixer to a homogeneous mass.
Sawdust serves as a moisture retention element. The presence of sawdust allows you to adjust the drying speed of the layer. Reduce the speed of setting the mortar by dipping the wallpaper glue into it.

Remember! With gypsum the wallpaper glue CMC is not compatible.

Recipe 2
For one kilogram of gypsum it is recommended to take three kilograms of chalk. In the resulting mixture is added a 5% solution of glue joiner.
At the first stage the chalk is crushed thoroughly, mixed in a dry state with gypsum.
In the clean container, fill the required amount of the mixture and gradually add the glue. You need to get a semi-liquid, light-gray mass, without lumps.

Remember! This compound putty quickly after drying quickly dries.

Adhesive is added only before using the mixture.
This mixture is recommended for use in finishing putties.

Recipe 3
Take 1 part of the drying oil and 1/10 part of the NF-1 siccat on 2 parts of the gypsum. The desiccant is used to accelerate the drying speed of the formulation.

Instead of gypsum, the use of chalk is allowed, which allows the mixture to be used for a long time.

Recipe 4
For the preparation of a plaster solution with a slow drying speed, it is advisable to use mixtures on a calcareous basis.
Slow drying of the solution allows it to be applied in a thin layer.
A solution of 1 kg of gypsum and 3 kg of lime mortar is prepared.
In a clean container, gypsum is diluted with water until a gypsum dough is obtained and a lime solution is added in small portions. The composition is thoroughly mixed for one minute.
Do not interfere further. This reduces the strength of the solution.

When preparing plaster solutions with your own hands, be sure to use individual safety features. Wear respirators, goggles, rubber gloves.

We wish you success!