The leveling of the floor before the finish is done using a variety of materials. Laying plywood on a carrier structure from the lag is one of the simplest techniques. To carry out all technological operations without helpers and consultants, with their own hands, even a novice is capable. About all the features of mounting the floor of plywood and will be discussed in this article.
Selection of materials
Plywood
For the arrangement of floors it is advisable to purchase sheets( subject to cost) with FK marking( up to 3 years of guaranteed operation) or FSF( water resistance up to 5).In the production of veneer, different types of wood are used. The best for plywood is birch.
When bonding veneer glues are used, which differ in their chemical composition, and therefore in the degree of toxicity( depending on the type of product).Therefore, FC sheets are recommended mainly for installation in living quarters, and FSF( as less "environmentally friendly") - in all others( although it is desirable only outside the building, for example, for the construction of a complete roofing roofing).
Since the cost of the material is determined, including, and its thickness, it is worthwhile to dwell on this issue. The strength of the structure depends on this parameter of the roughing, the interval between the lags and the number of layers. Therefore, you can combine. And yet, in any case, it is not recommended to use plywood sheets thinner than 10 mm for leveling floors.
Useful advices for
- To reduce the cost of floor installation, you should limit to plywood 3 or 4 varieties. It is much cheaper, and the appearance of the sheets in this case does not play a role, since they will be covered with the material of finishing finish.
- This will help and pre-compiled scheme of the room. On it it is easy to determine what dimensions sheets are better to buy. The most common( m) - 1.5 x 1.5 and 2.4 x 1.2.The less you have to cut, the more material will go into the case, for its intended purpose. Consequently, the amount of waste will decrease. Perhaps, given the complexity of the geometry of the room, it is advisable to purchase plywood with different linear parameters.
Logs
There are only 2 options - from wood or metal. With the latter, it is easier to work, and in terms of durability they are preferable to wood blanks. The arguments are significant, but they do not take into account one nuance - the temperature deformation of materials. For them, this coefficient should be approximately the same. From this point of view, to exclude warping of the floor, the formation of cracks, it is advisable to lay plywood( considering its structure) specifically on wooden logs.
It is also important that wood is used for billets. Since the logs will not be in the most favorable conditions( certain dampness under the floor can not be avoided), one should focus only on coniferous trees, and first of all - larch. Of all the rocks that are maximally resistant to moisture, it is the cheapest. It is worth recalling that it was not in vain in the old days that it was used to bookmark the lower row( crown) of the log.
Fasteners details
Naturally, we can speak only about galvanized hardware. But with what parameters? There is a general rule. The length of the fastener should exceed the thickness of the fixed sample by 2.5 to 3 times.
Operation procedure
Even if the plywood is laid on existing logs, instead of dismantled floorboards, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the full range of activities. Perhaps, with this information in mind, there will be an idea to redo something, improve.
Concrete waterproofing
The author consciously misses such activities as cleaning the base, inspecting it, eliminating defects in the form of cracks and cracks - these are the basics of repair.
No matter how waterproof plywood is, but it is characterized by a certain hygroscopicity. Consequently, gradual absorption of moisture can not be avoided. If the protective layer has not been previously installed, then this must necessarily be done. What to use - is solved depending on the specifics of the premises and financial capabilities of the host. Perhaps, the cheapest variant of waterproofing of a floor - a film п / э( thick).
It covers the entire concrete floor, with small turns on the wall with the expectation that the material will protrude somewhat above the plywood subsequently laid( depending on its thickness).These edges will then be closed with skirting boards anyway. Joints of canvases are sealed with an adhesive tape( building).
If before the protective layer was not mounted, then you have to think that it is easier and more economical to dismantle the logs and do everything from scratch, or purchase special impregnations( waterproofing penetrating action).
Laying log
The distance between the racks is chosen taking into account the requirements for the strength of the floor, the dimensions of the sheets, their thickness, the size of the insulation material and a number of other mounting features. But first of all it is necessary to focus on plywood. Its fastening is made with the distance of the hardware from the edge by about 10 mm( so as not to destroy the edges).Lines of joints of fragments should be located on the longitudinal axis of the lag( if possible).
Therefore, it is senseless to give a single recommendation. That's why the author also recommended to start to make an accurate diagram of the room.
The procedure for installing logs for each experienced master is his own. But a number of features should be indicated:
- It is advisable to fix the logs not on concrete, but on pre-exposed stands( according to the scheme).First, the gap will ensure better air circulation under the floor covering. Secondly, the adjustment of the log height will be much easier.
- Starting work follows from the walls. Indentation - about 25 - 30 mm. After reconciling the horizontality, the extreme lags are securely fixed, and all the remaining intermediate ones are aligned along them.
For leveling the logs with respect to the horizontal plane, the level( construction) is used, but its body is small. Hence, it is impossible to avoid large errors. To minimize them, it is advisable to fix the device on the rail. As a rule, it is enough that it should be 1,5 - 2 m( with a more oversized work it will be extremely inconvenient).
Fastening of plywood
- The first row( from the window) is laid out, the adjustment of all fragments is checked and the drilling points are marked( the distance of the sheets from the walls is about 2 mm).
- They are removed and one is processed - holes are made for fastening, a countersink is made( synonym - reaming).This is necessary in order to completely drown the hats.
Please note! Do not be too "zealous", trying to drive the scraper deep into the plywood with a screwdriver or a screwdriver. This will lead to cracks in the head area.
- Sheet edges are machined( at an angle).After joining the fragments, a groove is formed, which is filled with a sealant. Pros - a partial increase in the quality of insulation, sound and waterproofing of the rough floor. If necessary, cut openings for laying communication routes.
- Final installation of sheets in place and fixing them. Depending on the size of the fragment - along the perimeter( necessary) and cross-wise( or only in the center).
To reduce the risk of loosening of plywood on logs( from above) it is advisable to lay strips of roofing material.
Floor treatment
It consists in grinding joints and sealing all grooves and holes( above the fasteners) with a sealant.
After this, you can start finishing.
