Wooden log cabins - briefly about the design of the
. A frame was usually called a building without a roof, ceiling and floor. The simplest form of the frame was built from four walls and looked like a square or a rectangle. In the latter, to give rigidity, the walls were joined by a transverse partition. Log houses of wooden houses with two perpendicular inner walls were called cross houses.
And through the centuries the experience of ancient Russian architects is not forgotten. It became popular to erect country houses, cottages and bath houses made of wood. Depending on the type of construction there are log buildings:
- four-door;
- sixes;
- octal.
In modern construction, traditional log construction is not always used. For example, the internal arrangement of walls in the classical cruciform order is sometimes impractical. Therefore, most often they are erected in an arbitrary order, but with the rigidity of the framework retained. However, the principles of building log houses remained the same as before.
What you need to know when building a wooden frame yourself?
The simplest wooden log house with its own hands is built of logs with a thickness of about 220 mm, the length of the outer walls is not more than 6.5 meters. When using logs of up to 250 mm in cross section, it is possible to increase the length of the walls to 8.5 meters. In case of changing the proportions inside the frame, internal walls are built, which helps to maintain the rigidity of the overall construction of the building.
The old logs for the pediments were called "males", and the rafters were called "slips".For the roof installed a simple "sleigh", the diameter of which was slightly smaller than that of the logs of the log. This allowed the installation of the roof directly on the rafters. To impart strength to the frame, the joists of the floor and ceiling, called "translations", are also cut.
In a ceiling ceiling, "translations" usually rest on the penultimate crown, which makes it possible to put a wooden flooring with a layer of thermal insulation on the floor.
The lower and upper beams serve to provide additional strength and do not allow the outer walls of the frame to bend and roll. The beam, laid on the central axis of the structure, is called a mattress and is considered an indispensable element in the construction of five-walled buildings. In some types of log houses, several of these beams are laid. Assembly of the rough and finish floor is done on the lower "transfers", which are cut into a folding crown. The number of beams depends on the thickness of the logs.
Manufacture of log houses of wooden houses - advice on the assembly and operation of
The manufacture of log houses of wooden houses begins with the harvesting of quality wood. The best material is coniferous - they are distinguished by their high strength and quality. But for a bath or a well, aspen is more suitable, which is not afraid of moisture and is not subject to rapid rotting. In addition, the development of building chemistry has long been supplying the market with impregnations, which increase the already impressive lifespan of wood.
The construction of wooden house log cabins is done without the use of rigid fasteners, because during the first two years they shrink .When the building is erected, all vertical elements are provided with shrink compensators, which allows for more precise adjustment of their height and preservation of the geometry of the house. Logs are attached to each other by wooden nagels in staggered order, at a distance of about 2 m from each other.
For a wooden house you need a thorough care - a couple of years it is desirable to well prokonopatit. To avoid infection of the logs with various fungi, they are treated with special antiseptics for prevention, which the domestic industry produces in sufficient quantities. As you can see, the construction of a high-quality house made of wood will take a long time( in general - a couple of years), and this will be basically not working weekdays, but aging of the tree for shrinkage and adaptation to climate.