The circuit assembly of plastic and concrete chutes
All of these elements simply merged into a single system, the type of which depends on the characteristics of the territory, or personal preference. Rain drainage may be laid at a small depth in the ground or mounted on a surface.
In the method water collecting storm sewage may be point or linear. In the first case Storm-water inlets mounted under the ground with the release of a gutter. Hole through which water enters the system, it has to be protected with a special grating, so it does not enter into various types of garbage. Linear drainage mounted on the surface and is a small depth of the trench created for installation of drainage trays. In the second case the lattice for drainage troughs laid along the entire length of the system and perform the same protective function as that of a spot sewage.
Spot system is good in the case where the rainwater or melt water must be removed only from the surface of the roof. If you need an efficient drainage system with a large area, then it makes sense device of a linear system, since it is able to cover a large area, and its installation is relatively simple.
Note!At arrangement of stormwater any type should be borne in mind that the trays must be laid at a slant in the direction in which the planned water withdrawal.
The design of the tray stormwater
Calculation of storm water drainage system
Installation of storm sewage of the trays with their hands - it is relatively simple, but its implementation will need to perform a series of calculations. These calculations will allow not only more accurately design the system, but also to save finances by acquiring exactly that number of elements that need to maximize drainage.
For the calculation of storm sewer will require the following information:
- periodicity of rainfall in your area, as well as the thickness of snow cover. The last parameter is needed to calculate diversion meltwater;
- the average rainfall in the region. It is expressed in millimeters and the thickness of the precipitated layer of water;
- area drain. In the case of linear sanitation it will be the total area of the territory, which is planned diversion of water, and with the point - the roof area;
- location of existing underground utilities in the area;
- complete characterization of soils in the area.
Select and buy the right type of drain tray can be used only if the system design takes into account all these parameters, or storm sewer will not be as efficient as possible.
Plastic drainage tray with grating
The volume of water that the system should deliver is calculated by a product of three factors: the numerical expression precipitation intensity, the surface area (which divert the water required) and correction factor. Data on precipitation is available at the local weather station. The last value is a constant and depends on the type of coverage area:
- 0.4 - area, covered with gravel;
- 0.85 - concrete or reinforced concrete coating;
- 0.95 - paved paths and playgrounds;
- 1 - the roof.
The installation depth of drainage trays depends on the size of the product and the type of the planned system. Thus it is necessary to consider the presence in the territory of drainage systems: storm drainage should always be laid above it. The average depth of installation Photo typically 0.3 m for trays having a diameter not exceeding 50 cm, and 0.7 m - for larger trays.
storm sewer system on the local area
Plastic, metal, composite and reinforced concrete drainage trays: Types, Sizes and Features
The main element of any type of storm sewer systems are special trays in which water is removed from the territory. They are made of different materials and different number of characteristics, the main of which is considered the maximum permissible load. In accordance with this option trays are divided into the following classes:
- A15 - are used for the installation of storm sewer systems in home gardens, sports grounds, parks and pedestrian zones. The maximum load is 1.5 m;
- V125 - Trays of this type can withstand a load of 12.5 tons and can be used for removing water from car parks, in a garage cooperatives, and on roads for passenger cars;
- C250 - used in gas stations, car washes and other areas of automotive service. When a load of 25 tons;
Drainage trays in the territory of the industrial enterprise
- D400 - stormwater trays of this type are widely used in industrial enterprises small size, transport terminals, industrial areas and on roads with high levels of traffic. The maximum load of 40 tons;
- E600 - installed in warehouses, large factories, wharves, in the logistics centers. Load - 60 tons;
- F900 -. The most resistant to physical stress type, capable of withstanding up to 90 t is used to drain water from airfields, military bases and sites that use different super-heavy equipment.
The second important parameter that different trays is their bandwidth. It depends on the design of the hydraulic section which is defined by its height and width.
As for materials, then the following options are used for production of trays:
- Concrete or reinforced concrete.
- Plastic.
- Various metals and alloys such as cast iron.
- Composite materials.
Storm-water inlets and drainage trays
Concrete and reinforced concrete drainage trays
The use of concrete or RC drainage trays makes sense when the drainage is planned from the territory, continually exposed to high loads. This can be a busy freeway, parking and many other places. Price Concrete drainage tray is slightly higher than the plastic, but lower than the composite, and their performance characteristics are at a high level.
In addition to the ability to withstand heavy loads, concrete products are characterized by high resistance to various adverse effects and weather conditions. They do not rust, endures continuous exposure to chemicals, e.g., fuel. In addition, the simplicity of the design causes a long service life. As a rule, concrete trays are made with the expectation of removal of large quantities of water, so the system based on them have a high bandwidth.
The disadvantages of concrete and reinforced concrete structures can be attributed to their large weight, which is considerably complicates the installation of storm sewer on its own, it requires the use of specialized technology.
Note! All variants of drainage concrete trays have special slots that are aligned during installation, eliminating the possibility of leakage. This means that the concrete trays can be simply connected to one another without the need for additional grouting.
Installation of concrete drainage trays
According to GOST, concrete drainage trays can be manufactured with different parameters. Thus, the width of the hydraulic cross section can vary in the range from 100 to 500 mm, the height - from 90 to 760 mm and a length of the trough is typically 1000 mm.
Plastic drainage trays with a plastic grid
The use of plastic trays for stormwater is often found in private construction, as well as arrangement of park and garden areas, walkways and other areas that are not exposed to big load. This type is made of extruded polyethylene or propylene, and has the following advantages:
- small weight of the individual items in comparison with concrete or polymer concrete drainage trays;
- simplicity and ease of transportation;
- the ability to easily carry out the installation of plastic drainage tray on its own without the use of specialized construction equipment;
- resistance to moisture, but also to changes in temperature;
- long service life.
Plastic trays storm
In order to increase the performance of plastic designs strength and durability, they are equipped with special curly edges. Products may vary in color and shape. Running complete with a plastic tray overflow grille it is usually made of the same polymer, or from a lightweight steel. Second Embodiment stronger and more reliable.
Before you buy a plastic tray with drainage grid and begin the installation of storm sewer on its basis, you should consider one thing. Due to the smooth surface of the material, plastic products have higher permeability than other materials. This means that the water drainage system based on them can be done with less slope than from concrete or composite trays.
Dimensions of plastic drainage trays may be different. The hydraulic section is generally from 70 to 300 mm, a standard length of one segment - 1000 mm. The weight may range from 1.5 to 20 kg, the maximum parameter is calculated in the kit with a metal grid.
Major parameters of the shower tray, wherein H = 140 mm, B = 140 mm, L = 1000 mm
Drainage trays made of composite materials
Composite gutters for stormwater manufactured in two versions:
- Polymer - consist of a mixture of plastic and concrete.
- Polymer - a mixture of concrete, plastic and sand with the addition of special additives.
In performance composite trays are located approximately in the middle between the concrete and plastic. They boast a lighter weight than the concrete trays storm sewer, but not as easy as plastic gutters. They are also characterized by high strength and wear resistance, but can not withstand such high loads, such as concrete. Like the plastic products they have a smooth surface, which improves the system throughput.
In this case, to protect the system from debris different variants of gratings for drainage trays: cast iron or plastic.
When installing drainage trays made of composite materials are used, such as grooves, as well as the installation of concrete gutters, so further processing is necessary joints. The average price of drainage trays polymer-sand is 430 rubles, polymer concrete -. 970 rub. (In both cases the meter for the product without the lattice).
Basalt trays - a modern version of the concrete troughs
Hydraulic section gutters of polymer is from 100 to 200 mm, from polymeric sand - 70-150 mm. The length of the tray, as in other cases, is standardized and is 1000 mm.
Metal gutters for stormwater
Chutes, for storm sewer made of metal - is not the most popular option, and it has a number of reasons. Metal more than any other material susceptible to corrosion from regular contact with water. To this product has served as long as possible, the metal layer should be thick enough that directly affects the weight of the structure. Typically used as a material for iron manufacturing metal launders, which is very heavy. Accordingly, the mounting system of the metal troughs becomes impossible without the use of specialized machinery.
Price trays stormwater metal also significantly higher than concrete and even plastic. Therefore, use this option only when it is really needed.
Useful advice!A good compromise then becomes troughs use with steel lattice. The price of the concrete drainage trays with cast-iron grille lower than the all-metal products, and metal lattice is characterized by attractive appearance and long life.
metal drainage system - a reliable protection from unwanted accumulation of water
Drainage trays with bars: the price of concrete and plastic models
Price per unit of the product depends on the material from which made the chute. Thus, the price of concrete trays stormwater range from 1300 to 2500 rubles per unit or higher. The price of the plastic tray stormwater begins at 500, and the foundation - from 1800 rubles.
For example, the tray vodootvodnooy Gidrolica costs from 530 rubles apiece. It should also be borne in mind that the product cost per unit depends on the accessories that go with the groove, and its size. For example, the cost of the concrete drainage trays with grid will be higher than without it.
Related article:
Concrete and plastic drainage wells for storm sewer.Types and Features stormwater. Regulation arrangement, and a detailed description of this process. Types of wells for private homes.
Trays for stormwater: Selection Criteria
On today's construction market a large number of species of gutters for drainage system devices from the territory.
Types of drainage trays
When you purchase is necessary to pay attention not only on the size of the drainage tray, but on the following characteristics:
- Material - one of the most important parameters, which depends not only price, but also ease of transportation and installation, as well as the speed of the system arrangement, which is sometimes very important.
- The presence of the factory slope for water drainage - drainage trays device with a bias do a good job there, where necessary to ensure drainage of water on a flat plot, and where there is no possibility to create a bias artificially.
- Quality of slots for connecting troughs between them - this parameter depends on the tightness of the entire system, if trays are loosely connected to each other, then the water will go to ground. By the way, when mounting plastic drainage troughs may use a special latch which serves to increase the reliability of the troughs between the compounds.
In addition, you should pay attention to the main decorative element of the system - the bars. It should not only look attractive, but also to effectively carry out its primary function, that is to protect the system from getting into the garbage. For this grating should have a fine mesh structure.
When choosing a grating for drainage trays should focus on the class of permissible load, that they stand
Installation of concrete, metal or plastic drainage tray with grid: the price of works
The cost of works on installation of storm drainage system depends on the depth to which the gutter-Ground. The cheapest (about 1800 rubles) will manage the installation of water diversion system of shallow penetration, that is, to a depth of 1 meter installation deeper than 1.5 meters will cost more -. 3900 rubles and above.
Regardless of the material from which gutters are made for water drainage, and their installation is carried out as follows:
- select the type and size of the trays and calculate their number and degree of physical load on the entire system. Depending on the final parameter is selected the material from which gutters are made;
- It is determined by the depth to which will be dug in the trays. You can trust this matter experts, or to carry out the necessary calculations yourself. Note that when calculating the depth of the trench must take into account an additional 10 cm of gravel or concrete pads. Also, it is imperative to provide a bias on which the water will be discharged into drains;
- excavated trench or multiple trenches with a width of 50 cm and a length according to the number of gutters;
- at the bottom of the trench is filled with concrete or cement. To increase the strength it is recommended to strengthen the base metal grid;
Installation of plastic drainage tray
- after the cushion hardens, you need to install heavy trays. When installing drainage trays (concrete or other material) is recommended to pull the thread in the trench, to align it on the gutter. Installed trays are fixed with concrete;
- to protect the linear system from clogging up, on top of the gutter are installed special bars. Price drainage trays with bars supplied slightly higher than without them, but in this case you can be sure the connection is secure these elements together. One of the best sets of price - steel grille with a plastic drainage trays;
- if you want to filter the water not only from large debris, but also from the fine particles can be set gutters peskoulavlivateli special filters that will hold up sand and other fine garbage. In such filters locations necessary to provide for the availability of special manholes and wells in order that they can be cleaned without problems.
Note! If you decide to buy plastic trays for stormwater, remember that fixing them with concrete is mandatory. In addition, the sides of the gutters should lay a special grid to reduce the ground pressure on the walls.
Concrete trough with cast iron grate system for storm water drainage
Caring for storm sewer tray
For the system to drain water from the territory to function as efficiently as possible, it is necessary to watch for and cleaned regularly. If you buy a concrete drainage trays (or other option), and mount the one open system, to correct the blockage it can simply remove the grille and remove debris with a shovel or scoop.
If the clogged part of the underground sewer, then remove the obstruction will be a little more difficult. It is necessary to remove and clean the filters installed for trapping fine dust. If this measure does not help, it is necessary to use a special plumber's snake. Sometimes it is enough just to punch a hole in a traffic jam, and the water itself will blur the barrier.
In particularly difficult cases, closed-type systems used hydrodynamic cleaning. It lies in the fact that in under very high pressure water is supplied. To carry out this type of treatment requires special equipment, but its use has a number of advantages. Firstly, the high pressure water removes all the blockages in the sewer, and secondly, it clears the wall system that reduces the risk of blockages in the future.
Storm sewer on the plot
Making trays stormwater own hands
Despite the relatively low price of plastic drainage tray, there is a variant arrangement of the system is even cheaper - is to create trenches with their hands. This will allow not only save finances, but also to obtain a product with characteristics that correspond exactly to the needs of your site.
Production of drainage trays with their hands begins with the production of forms. For this commonly used board or laminated plywood in a thickness of 10-15 mm. These materials are made U-shaped form whose elements for greater strength can be secured together by metal brackets. If you are using formwork boards, their thickness should not exceed 25 mm, and the surface must be free of knots. Interconnect their best with screws on wood, they are well battened under the concrete.
After the main part of the form for the manufacture of the chute is ready, it is the forming section. It is best suited for this ordinary plastic water pipe, cut in half. The main thing is that its surface was as smooth as it is on the semi-circular part of the trough will flow water. The formulation was filled with concrete mix.
Production of the concrete chute for stormwater
it is recommended to use the following materials for the formation of a durable concrete:
- filtered sand without impurities;
- rubble medium and fine fractions;
- Portland cement M400, which is characterized by high levels of strength and frost resistance (optionally possible to use other varieties of cement);
- 6 mm diameter rebar.
To concrete drainage trays, installation of which you will carry out in the storm sewage, yielding maximally strong, the ratio of cement, sand and gravel should be 1: 2: 4 or 1: 3: 5. In the second case, the amount of the resulting concrete will be more, but its strength is a little lower.
Counting the final size of the reinforced concrete drainage trays, must be considered and the installation of fixtures. These may be individual rods or mesh. The latter can be mounted with their hands, placing rebar rods at a distance of 5-10 cm from each other and are connected by electric welding or wire. Thereafter, in the form obtained is poured concrete mix, which is pressed immediately cut the plastic tube. Disassemble shape and removing pipe can be one day after pouring the mixture.
The smooth inner surface of the tray facilitates rapid and efficient removal of rainwater
Useful advice!To seal the concrete and removal of air bubbles therefrom, and excess water can be used vibrator building. If you are not in possession of such a tool, it is possible to stamp concrete using reinforcement segment.
complete solidification of concrete time is 28 days. After that, each tray must be thoroughly inspected for defects, holes and cracks. In their absence, you can proceed to the installation of storm sewer systems.
Of the benefits of self-production can be noted not only the exact required amount of concrete drainage trays, the price will be significantly lower than purchasing the finished product. However, if you decide to buy plastic stormwater drainage trays - that's for sure save you time. So that the decision on whether to buy or to make his own gutters, depends only on your personal preferences.
