Boilers for solid fuels for heating private houses

Solid fuel boiler will provide heating and hot water supply of private homes

Boilers for solid fuels for heating private houses: the design features

Material for the manufacture of aggregates: cast iron or high strength steel boiler. Material properties affect the durability and the thermal inertia of the structure. Steel boilers have high resistance to deformation at differences of pressure and temperature. Cast iron is resistant to corrosion.

Advantages of steel boilers: reasonable price, aesthetic appearance, convenient loading. Advantages of the equipment of iron: simplicity in operation (do not require special preparation of boiler water), the durability, the ability to give off heat for a long time.

Burner pellet boiler - a sectional view

Cast iron units are selected for buildings with permanent human habitation. For villas and country houses with periodic residence used steel boilers.

Acquisition of heat generators divided into one- or two-circuit design. One circuit ensures operation of the boiler on solid fuels for heating private houses. Two independent rings allow heat the room and supply hot water.

The energy dependence is caused by system equipment unit forced supply of combustion air or automated loading of fuel.

Types of fuel for the boiler

By the time the combustion and pyrolysis distinguish conventional heating boilers. Gas generators provide sustained decomposition of the fuel to produce heat, which takes place with a deficiency of oxygen. Some models provide for loading of solid long burning boilers once a week.

pyrolysis boilers consumer demand due to the non-volatility, fuel efficiency, environmental friendliness and high efficiency.

Pyrolysis boiler with automatic fuel feed (pellets)

Chimney device rules for solid fuel boilers

Additional requirements for the organization specified by the manufacturer of the chimney of the boiler in the technical documentation. Required following recommendations necessary to maintain the stability of the combustion process, the safe and efficient operation of the unit.

Related article:

Long burning solid fuel boilers with a water circuit Housing. ATIdes, the device and operation of solid fuel boilers. Pyrolysis boilers. Criteria for selection of the boiler.

Coal fired boilers equipped with predominantly ceramic flues, which can withstand temperatures up to 1200 ℃. Passing the flue gases leave deposits on the smooth ceramic surface. Stable structure of the material does not corrode, is not afraid of condensate. Elements of the duct, a layer of insulation, lightweight aggregate is used for mounting the shell interior and exterior portions of the chimney.

The ceramic tube - a popular material for the coal-fired boiler flue arrangement

Metal chimneys made of corrosion resistant heat-resistant steel which can withstand temperatures of 800 ℃. Construction steel chimney pipe is of sandwich: a layer of insulation located between the outer and inner metal shell. Steel chimneys are compatible with all types of solid fuel boilers. Required element steel chimney - linear deformation compensator. Node necessary to preserve the integrity and tightness of the pipe through connections through the roof.

Construction steel chimney

The traditional foci, fireplaces, furnaces heating refractory brick chimneys calculations now rarely used. Masonry chimney brick requires skills and experience of the production of furnace operations.

The requirements for the chimney solid fuel boilers:

• chimney section must correspond to the size of the boiler tube for discharging gas;
• height, diameter, length booster chimney portion indicated in the technical documentation of the boiler;
• structure verticality observe irrespective of the location of the chimney (allowable length of the inclined portions is not more than 1 meter);

Variants of the organization of the chimney

• double wall (unheated) chimneys of metal pipes are used in cold areas or in the street (design prevents the cooling of the combustion products, reduction of thrust and the appearance of condensation);
• on turning areas arrange for cleaning hatches of the chimney;
• observe the distance between the fire and flammable chimney designs;
• headroom chimney equipped with a deflector and spark arrester.

Important! Tee mounted below the seat with a compound of the boiler flue, prevents the condensate from entering the combustion chamber.

Solid fuel boiler with automatic fuel supply in a private home heating system

binding scheme solid fuel heating boiler

Direct connection of the boiler heating circuit with dangerous formation of temperature differences in the heat exchanger. When reaching the state of "dew point" within the combustion zone condensation. Aggressive environment promotes the oxidation reactions, deposit formation and destruction of the internal generator surfaces.

Important!The inertness of the solid fuel combustion process - a feature which must be considered in conjunction with the boiler tube wiring. Imbalance and disruption of circulation can lead to boiling of the water boiler and break the heat source.

The operating principle of coal-fired boiler with a water circuit

Ways to optimize the operation of the solid unit:

• heat storage tank circuit between the boiler and the consumer;
• Hydraulic separator circuits (boiler and secondary);
• security group with an adjustable bleed valve (or near the boiler);
• an expansion tank (open or membrane);
• Load air vents to remove air from the system.

Important!Wiring and piping of the boiler is done only with metal pipes. Ideal - heating boiler piping arrangement according to the project, which developed-heat engineering specialists.

Scheme strapping coal-fired boiler 1 - the chimney; 2- bill thermostat; 3 - solid fuel boiler; 4 - Boiler safety group; 5 - Electric or a gas boiler; 6 - heat accumulator (buffer capacity); 7 - the three-way valve with electric actuator; 8 - air separator; 9 - circulation pump; 10 - a three-way mixing valve; 11 - check valve; 12 - contact sensor; 13 - valve recharge; 14 - protection against dry running; 15 - expansion; 16 - outside temperature sensor; 17 - Weather-automatics; 18 - room control; 19 - heating radiator; 20 - circulation pump; 21 - three-way mixing valve

Brand of solid fuel boilers of Russian production

Performance Analysis help a general idea of ​​continuous burning solid fuel fired boilers. Consumer reviews on independent forums provide an objective assessment of domestic developments.

Table 1. Solid fuel boilers Pellet Zota Mix and manufacture of heating equipment and plant automation (g Krasnoyarsk):

Table 1. Solid fuel boilers Pellet Zota Mix and manufacture of heating equipment and plant automation (g Krasnoyarsk)

Advantages:

• Boiler efficiency range Zota Mix - 80%, Pellet - 90%;
• combination steel Zota Mix solid fuel boilers operate on any kind of fuel (LPG or natural gas, electricity, liquid fuels);
• The combustion chamber and the ash box arranged inside the water jacket;
• adjustable damper chimney tyagoregulyator mechanical ejector and an air suction which is installed in the furnace door, provide complete combustion with minimum power;
• the outer surface of the housing is covered with corrosion-resistant polymeric composition;
• removable door behind the front panel provides access for cleaning flue;
• ability to repair.

This boiler Zota Mix

Disadvantages:

• We need a supply of fuel and a place to store it;
• delivery costs, unloading and storage of firewood, charcoal, briquettes;
• reduced performance Zota Mix boilers using low-quality fuel (brown coal of 10 ÷ 20% on the raw wood 60 ÷ 70%);
• for Zota Mix - manual loading fuel, ash cleaning, the furnace walls, the flue gas ducts and the nozzle;
• mandatory preparation boiler water (hardness to 2 mEq / l);
• installation in a separate room;
• Boiler line Zota Mix necessary to install water tank, exhaust, boiler.

Table 2. Apparatus combined with solid water circuit (AKTV). Manufacturer LLC "Sibteploenergomash" (Mr. Novosibirsk):

Table 2. Apparatus combined with solid water circuit (AKTV). Manufacturer LLC "Sibteploenergomash" (Mr. Novosibirsk)

Advantages:

• budget option for solid-fuel boilers with water circuit for the house (price 11,000 ÷ 25,000 rubles);
• compact size;
• water heat exchanger covers the firebox on all sides (except the front);
• retractable ash drawer;
• mounting socket for traction control;
• the ability to connect to the chimney either configuration;
• steel heat exchanger enables a simplified connection to the heating piping (not mix with);
• design adapted to run on gas and electricity.

Boilers "Karakan" from the producer of "Sibteploenergomash"

Disadvantages:

• an old design, primitive Automatic low quality;
• according to the manufacturer specifications (thickness, heated area and efficiency) User consumers do not correspond to the actual performance.

Table 3. Solid fuel boilers Pyrolysis Bourgeois & K from "NPO" TPP "(Mr. Kostroma):

Table 3. Solid fuel boilers Pyrolysis Bourgeois & K from "NPO" TPP "(Mr. Kostroma)

Advantages:

• It ensures stable combustion of fuel grade and any degree of humidity;
• Effective operation of the boiler with one bookmark for 8 hours;
• fuel economy;
• Generator compatibility with natural or forced circulation;
• eco unit fuel passes complete combustion cycle without forming harmful emissions into the atmosphere;
• furnace design provides access to efficient operation for 40 minutes.

Solid fuel boilers Pyrolysis "Bourgeois & K"

Disadvantages:

• complex installation: the connection must produce workers specialized companies licensed for this type of activity (otherwise the guarantee from the manufacturer on the unit is not spreads);
• Hand tab fuel and clean the combustion chamber;
• a lot of weight.

Installation and operation of solid fuel boilers should be in accordance with fire safety rules

For Heating country cottages, Garage, or greenhouses possible to produce solid fuel boilers long burning his hands. Video on the subject materials can be found on the Internet. But remember that the main condition for the use of heating equipment is fire safety. And to ensure this condition can only certified manufacturer under proper conditions of use and installation of the equipment.